Xiao Lizhi

Study of NMR porosity for terrestrial formation in China

NMR logging is an effective method for porosity measurement. NMR-derived porosity only comes from the pore fluid and is, in principle, not affected by rock matrix. However, it is found that the difference between NMR-derived and conventional log-derived porosities is often between 2 to 6 pu, which is unacceptable, in terrestrial formation in China. In the paper, the theory of NMR porosity was reviewed. The influence factors on NMR porosity error were analyzed based on NMR core measurements. More than 30 core samples with a wide range of porosities including sandstone, limestone and artificial ceramic were chosen for the conventional and NMR porosity measurements. The current NMR data acquisition method was studied based on laboratory NMR core measurements and found to be not good for terrestrial formation. A new NMR data acquisition method suiting for terrestrial formation in China was proposed and much improved the accuracy of NMR porosity measurement. It is suggested that the analysis of core samples from different regions should be carried out before logging in order to obtain accurate NMR porosity.

Dispersion Properties of NMR Relaxation for Crude Oil

Special requirements for design of tools used for wireline NMR logging and NMR logging while drilling and for interpretation model are demanded due to the dispersion properties of NMR relaxation for crude oil. NMR longitudinal relaxation time (T1) and transverse relaxation time (T2) of the dead oil samples with different viscosities were measured by NMR spectrometers with a Larmor frequency of 2 MHz and 23 MHz at five different temperatures respectively. The results showed thatT1 was obviously dependent on the Larmor frequency of NMR spectrometer. The degree ofT1 dispersion became stronger with the increasing crude oil viscosity, Larmor frequency and the viscosity/temperature ratio.T2 was independent of NMR spectrometer measuring frequency. It is suggested that the resonance frequency should be selected lower than 2 MHz when measuringT1 in logging while-drilling and thatT1 dispersion should be corrected when Larmor frequency is higher than 2 MHz.