Xiao Wei Liu

Fabrication of self-healing super-hydrophobic surfaces on aluminium alloy substrates

We present a method to fabricate a super-hydrophobic surface with a self-healing ability on an aluminium alloy substrate. The coatings are obtained by combining a two-step process (first, the substrate is immersed in a solution of HCl, HF and H2O, and then in boiling water) and succeeding surface fluorination with a solution of poly(vinylidene-fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) and a fluoroalkyl silane. The morphological features and chemical composition were studied by scanning electron micrometry and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The prepared super-hydrophobic aluminium surfaces showed hierarchical structures forming pores, petals and particles with a contact angle of 161° and a sliding angle of 3°.

Fabrication of super-hydrophobic surfaces on aluminum alloy substrates by RF-sputtered polytetrafluoroethylene coatings

In this work, we present a method of fabricating super-hydrophobic surface on aluminum alloy substrate. The etching of aluminum surfaces has been performed using Becks dislocation etchant for different time to create micrometer-sized irregular steps. An optimised etching time of 50 s is found to be essential before polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating, to obtain a highest water contact angle of 165±2° with a lowest contact angle hysteresis as low as 5±2°. The presence of patterned microstructure as revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) together with the low surface energy ultrathin RF-sputtered PTFE films renders the aluminum alloy surfaces highly super-hydrophobic.

Fabrication of Super-Hydrophobic Surface on Stainless Steel Using Chemical Etching Method

Superhydrophobic surface have many applications such as drag reduction in the micro-electromechanical systems. A novel method of fabricating superhydrophobic surface is proposed using the simple wet chemical etching in this paper. Firstly, the surface of steel disc is polished by abrasive paper and then treated with chemical etching. Secondly, the surface of steel is modified with 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane. The superhydrophobic surface was obtained on the stainless steel surface. Finally, the effects of the etching time and etching solution concentration were analyzed to the superhydrophobic performance. The experimentation results show that superhydrophobic performance is the best when the HCl concentration is 2mol/L, the etching time is 20 minute respectively. The water contact angle (CA) of the rotor surface is 152°. The water droplets are hardly able to stick to the steel surface．

A High Bandwidth Sigma-Delta Modulator Applied in Micro-Gyroscope

In this paper a fourth-order single-loop sigma-delta modulator applied in micro-gyroscope is designed. The modulator system chose the fully feedforword structure. The signal bandwidth is 200KHz, oversampling ratio is 64 and sampling frequency is 25.6MHz. By system simulation result in Matlab, the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is 92.3dB and effective number of bits (ENOB) is 15.03bits. The whole circuit of modulator is designed and simulated in Cadence Spectre. It is gotten that the SNR is 78.6dB and changes linearly with input level. When input level is bigger than -4dBFs, the modulator becomes overload.

Synthesis of High Density Boron Nitride Nanotube Film

Antiwetting BNNT films have been achieved by milling-ink method. Superhydrophobic (CA <5°) are demonstrated on films with stainless steel as substrate. The high density and purity are confirmed by EDX and NEXAFS. There are only a few oxygen point defects in the form of nitrogen vacancies due to ink and annealing process in air.

Design of a Digital Decimation Filter for High-Precision 4-Order Sigma-Delta ADC

In this paper, a design of a digital decimation filter which has a output of 24 bits for high-precision 4-ordes Σ-Δ ADC is proposed. The digital decimation filter includes a CIC filter, a compensation filter and a half band filter. The over-sampling rate of the digital decimation filter is 256, the cutoff frequency is 1kHz, the coefficient of the pass-band ripple is -0.25dB, the stop-band attenuation is -162dB, simulation results using Matlab and modelsim are correct, the result of the FPGA verification shows that the design meet the requirement of the high-precision 4-ordes Σ-Δ ADC.

A High-Performance Closed-Loop Fourth-Order Sigma-Delta Micro-Machined Accelerometer

In this paper a high-performance closed-loop fourth-order sigma-delta (ΣΔ) micro-accelerometer is presented. After a introduction of sigma-delta accelerometer, system-level analysis and design of a fourth-order sigma-delta micro-accelerometer is given. The simulation result shows that an accelerometer with 107dB signal to noise ratio (SNR) and 17.5 bits effective number of bits (ENOB) is achieved. Through the root locus analysis, it is got that accelerometer is stable when quantization gain is bigger than 0.262. The accelerometer gets a good linearity and it becomes overload when input signal level is greater than -5dBFS.

A Curvature-Compensated, High Power Supply Rejection CMOS Bandgap Reference for MEMS Micro-Accelerometer

The reference is an important part in the accelerometer system. With the development of science and technology, the request of the performance of accelerometers is increasingly higher and the precision of reference directly affects the performance of accelerometers. Therefore, a reference voltage applicable to accelerometers is presented based on the analysis of basic principles of conventional bandgap reference (BGR) in this paper. A high-order curvature compensation technique, which uses a temperature dependent resistor ratio generated by a high poly resistor and a nwell resistor, effectively serves to reduce temperature coefficient of proposed reference voltage circuit and to a large extent improve its performance. To achieve a high power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) over a broad frequency range, a pre-regulator is introduced to remain the supply voltage of the core circuit of BGR relatively independent of the global supply voltage. The proposed circuitry is designed in standard 2.0μm CMOS process. The simulated result shows that the average temperature coefficient is less than 2ppm/°C in the temperature range from -40 to 120°C. The improvement on temperature coefficient (TC) is about 10 times reduction compared to the conventional approach. And the PSR at DC frequency and 1kHz achieves -107 and -71dB respectively at 9.0V supply voltage.

Gauge Factor and Nonlinearity of P-Type Polysilicon Nanofilms

The gauge factor and nonlinearity of 80nm polysilicon nanofilms with different doping concentration were tested. The experimental results show that, from 8.1×1018cm-3 to 2.0×1020cm-3, the gauge factors first increase then decrease, which like the common polysilicon films (thickness is larger than 100nm). From 2.0×1020cm-3 to 7.1×1020cm-3, the gauge factors do not change with doping concentration almost, which can be explained by tunneling piezoresistive theory. When doping concentration is low than 4.1×1019cm-3, the nonlinearities are big, and the nonlinearities become small when doping concentration is high than 4.1×1019cm-3. The nonlinearity is related to the occupied condition of trapping states in grain boundary. The longitudinal gauge factor and nonlinearity are smaller than transverse ones. Take the gauge factor and nonlinearity both into consideration, the optimal doping concentration should be 4.1×1019cm-3. The conclusions are very useful for design and fabrication of polysilicon nanofilms piezoresistive sensor.

Field-portable Capillary Electrophoresis Instrument with Conductivity Detection

In this paper a novel capillary electrophoresis chip (CEC) is presented with integrated platinum electrodes and simplified conductivity detector. CEC is fabricated by the method of mechanical modification with probe on organic glass. Capillary electrophoresis chip can rapidly completed ion separation by simulation of concentration distribution and zone-broadening. Detection circuit is simple which can detect pA order current. This system has those advantages such as small volume, low power consumption and linearity, and well suit for field analysis.