Xiao-Yu Wu

Bright optical solitons or light bullets for a (3 + 1)-dimensional generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the distributed coefficients

Under investigation in this paper is a (3 + 1)-dimensional generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with the distributed coefficients for the spatiotemporal optical solitons or light bullets. Through the symbolic computation and Hirota method, one- and two-soliton solutions are derived. We also present the Backlund transformation, through which we derive the soliton solutions. When the gain/loss coefficient is the monotonically decreasing function for the propagation coordinate z, amplitude for the spatiotemporal optical soliton or light bullet decreases along z, while when the gain/loss coefficient is the monotonically increasing function for z, amplitude for the spatiotemporal optical soliton or light bullet increases along z. Directions of the solitons are different because the signs of imaginary parts of the frequencies are adverse. Based on the two-soliton solutions, elastic and inelastic collisions between the two spatiotemporal optical solitons or light bullets are derived under different conditions presented in the paper.

Rogue waves for a variable-coefficient Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation in fluid mechanics

Abstract Under investigation in this paper is a variable-coefficient Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation in fluid mechanics, which describes the shallow-water waves with the weak nonlinearity and dispersion. Employing the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili hierarchy reduction, we obtain the rogue-wave solutions in terms of the Gramian. Periodic, cubic- and s-shaped line rogue waves are presented with different forms of the dispersion coefficient. The second-order rogue waves and multi-rogue waves are also graphically discussed. It is observed that only parts of the second-order rogue wave approach the constant background, and the other parts move to the far distance with the undiminished amplitudes. The multi-rogue waves describe the interaction of several first-order rogue waves. We plot the interactions of two periodic, cubic- and s-shaped line rogue waves. The lump wave, which propagates stably in all directions, is also depicted.

Rogue waves and lump solutions for a (3+1)-dimensional generalized B-type Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation in fluid mechanics

Under investigation in this letter is a (3+1)-dimensional generalized B-type Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation, which describes the weakly dispersive waves propagating in a fluid. Employing the Hirota method and symbolic computation, we obtain the lump, breather-wave and rogue-wave solutions under certain constraints. We graphically study the lump waves with the influence of the parameters h1, h3 and h5 which are all the real constants: When h1 increases, amplitude of the lump wave increases, and location of the peak moves; when h3 increases, lump wave’s amplitude decreases, but location of the peak keeps unchanged; when h5 changes, lump wave’s peak location moves, but amplitude keeps unchanged. Breather waves and rogue waves are displayed: Rogue waves emerge when the periods of the breather waves go to the infinity.

Solitons, Bäcklund transformation and Lax pair for a (2+1)-dimensional Davey-Stewartson system on surface waves of finite depth

Abstract Under investigation in this paper is a (2+1)-dimensional Davey-Stewartson system, which describes the transformation of a wave-packet on water of finite depth. By virtue of the bell polynomials, bilinear form, Bäcklund transformation and Lax pair are got. One- and two-soliton solutions are obtained via the symbolic computation and Hirota method. Velocity and amplitude of the one-soliton solutions are relevant with the wave number. Graphical analysis indicates that soliton shapes keep unchanged and maintain their original directions and amplitudes during the propagation. Elastic overtaking and head-on interactions between the two solitons are described.

Dark solitons for a variable-coefficient higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation in the inhomogeneous optical fiber

Under investigation in this paper is a variable-coefficient higher-order nonlinear Schrodinger equation, which has certain applications in the inhomogeneous optical fiber communication. Through the Hirota method, bilinear forms, dark one- and two-soliton solutions for such an equation are obtained. We graphically study the solitons with d1(z), d2(z) and d3(z), which represent the variable coefficients of the group-velocity dispersion, third-order dispersion and fourth-order dispersion, respectively. With the different choices of the variable coefficients, we obtain the parabolic, periodic and V-shaped dark solitons. Head-on and overtaking collisions are depicted via the dark two soliton solutions. Velocities of the dark solitons are linearly related to d1(z), d2(z) and d3(z), respectively, while the amplitudes of the dark solitons are not related to such variable coefficients.

Dark solitons, Lax pair and infinitely-many conservation laws for a generalized (2+1)-dimensional variable-coefficient nonlinear Schrödinger equation in the inhomogeneous Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain

Under investigation in this paper is a generalized (2+1)-dimensional variable-coefficient nonlinear Schrodinger equation in an inhomogeneous Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain. Lax pair and infinitely-many conservation laws are derived, indicating the existence of the multi-soliton solutions for such an equation. Via the Hirota method with an auxiliary function, bilinear forms, dark one-, two- and three-soliton solutions are derived. Propagation and interactions for the dark solitons are illustrated graphically: Velocity of the solitons is linearly related to the coefficients of the second- and fourth-order dispersion terms, while amplitude of the solitons does not depend on them. Interactions between the two solitons are shown to be elastic, while those among the three solitons are pairwise elastic.

Solitons and rogue waves for a nonlinear system in the geophysical fluid

In this paper, we investigate a nonlinear system, which describes the marginally unstable baroclinic wave packets in the geophysical fluid. Based on the symbolic computation and Hirota method, bright one- and two-soliton solutions for such a system are derived. Propagation and collisions of the solitons are graphically shown and discussed with β, which reflects the collision between the wave packet and mean flow, α, which measures the state of the basic flow, and group velocity γ. γ is observed to affect the amplitudes of the solitons, and α can influence the solitons’ traveling directions. By virtue of the generalized Darboux transformation, the first- and second-order rogue-wave solutions are derived. Properties of the first- and second-order rogue waves are graphically presented and analyzed: The first-order rogue waves are shown in the figures. α has no effects on A, which is the amplitude of the wave packet, but with the increase of α, amplitude of B, which is a quantity measuring the correction of the basic flow, decreases. When β is chosen differently, A and B do not keep their shapes invariant. With the value of γ increasing, amplitudes of A and B become larger. The second-order rogue wave is presented, from which we observe that with α increasing, amplitude of B decreases, but α has no effects on A. Collision features of A and B alter with the value of β changing. When we make the value of γ larger, amplitudes of A and B increase.

Response to “Comment on ‘Solitonic and chaotic behaviors for the nonlinear dust-acoustic waves in a magnetized dusty plasma’” [Phys. Plasmas 24, 094701 (2017)]

On our previous construction [H. L. Zhen et al., Phys. Plasmas 23, 052301 (2016)] of the soliton solutions of a model describing the dynamics of the dust particles in a weakly ionized, collisional dusty plasma comprised of the negatively charged cold dust particles, hot ions, hot electrons, and stationary neutrals in the presence of an external static magnetic field, Ali et al. [Phys. Plasmas 24, 094701 (2017)] have commented that there exists a different form of Eq. (4) from that shown in Zhen et al. [Phys. Plasmas 23, 052301 (2016)] and that certain interesting phenomena with the dust neutral collision frequency ν0>0 are ignored in Zhen et al. [Phys. Plasmas 23, 052301 (2016)]. In this Reply, according to the transformation given by the Ali et al. [Phys. Plasmas 24, 094701 (2017)] comment, we present some one-, two-, and N-soliton solutions which have not been obtained in the Ali et al. [Phys. Plasmas 24, 094701 (2017)] comment. We point out that our previous solutions in Zhen et al. [Phys. Plasmas 23, ...

Soliton interactions of a (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation in a nonlinear photonic quasicrystal or Kerr medium

Under investigation are the soliton interactions for a (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger equation, which can describe the dynamics of a nonlinear photonic quasi-crystal or vortex Airy beam in a Kerr medium. With the symbolic computation and Hirota method, analytic bright N-soliton and dark two-soliton solutions are derived. Graphic description of the soliton properties and interactions in a nonlinear photonic quasicrystal or Kerr medium is done. Through the analysis on bright and dark one solitons, effects of the optical wavenumber/linear opposite wavenumber and nonlinear coefficient on the soliton amplitude and width are studied: when the absolute value of the optical wavenumber or linear opposite wavenumber increases, bright soliton amplitude and dark soliton width become smaller; nonlinear coefficient has the same influence on the bright soliton as that of the optical wavenumber or linear opposite wavenumber, but does not affect the dark soliton amplitude or width. Overtaking/periodic interactions between the bright two solitons and overtaking interactions between the dark two solitons are illustrated. Overtaking interactions show that the bright soliton with a larger amplitude moves faster and overtakes the smaller, while the dark soliton with a smaller amplitude moves faster and overtakes the larger. When the absolute value of the optical wavenumber or linear opposite wavenumber increases, the periodic-interaction period becomes longer. All the above interactions are elastic. Through the interactions, soliton amplitudes and shapes keep invariant except for some phase shifts.

Soliton solutions for a (3 + 1)-dimensional modified Korteweg–de Vries–Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation in a plasma

Under investigation in this paper is a (3 + 1)-dimensional modified Korteweg–de Vries–Zakharov–Kuznetsov (KdV-ZK) equation, which describes the nonlinear behaviors of ion-acoustic waves in a magnetized plasma where the cooler ions are treated as a fluid with adiabatic pressure and the hot isothermal electrons are described by a Boltzmann distribution. With the Hirota method and symbolic computation, we obtain the one-, two- and three-soliton solutions for such an equation. We graphically study the solitons related with the coefficient of the cubic nonlinearity M. Amplitude of the one soliton increases with increasing M, but the width of one soliton keeps unchanged as M increases. The two solitons and three solitons are parallel, and the amplitudes of the solitons increase with increasing M, but the widths of the solitons are unchanged. It is shown that the interactions between the two solitons and among the three solitons are elastic.