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Featured researches published by Y.-C. Hung.


Journal of Food Protection | 1993

Separation of aflatoxin-contaminated kernels from sound kernels by hydrogen peroxide treatment

Ma. Rocelle S. Clavero; Y.-C. Hung; Larry R. Beuchat; T. Nakayama

Blends (0:1, 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1, wt/wt) of aflatoxin-contaminated and sound peanut kernels were submerged for 1, 2, and 3 min in various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide solution. The effectiveness of these treatments in separating aflatoxin-contaminated kernels from sound kernels was determined. Peanuts that floated (floaters) and those that did not (sinkers) were subjected to aflatoxin analysis. Second order polynomial equations were satisfactorily fitted to the experimental data. Hydrogen peroxide concentrations of 0.075, 0.150, and 0.25% resulted in a reduction in aflatoxin content in the kernels in the sinker fraction by 90% within 1 min, regardless of the initial aflatoxin content. The total aflatoxin content in sinker and floater fractions was approximately the same as that in unfractionated samples, indicating that the low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide in treatment solutions did not degrade aflatoxin. Response surface methodology was used to generate contour plots which revealed optimum treatment conditions for giving a maximum yield of the sinker fraction with low aflatoxin content. For peanuts containing 50 ppb aflatoxin, optimum conditions consist of a 0.08% hydrogen peroxide treatment for 0.7 min. This procedure results in a maximum sinker fraction yield of 85.5% of the original lot with a residual aflatoxin content of ≤5 ppb.


Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research | 1992

Low resolution pulse magnetic resonance for measuring moisture in selected grains and kernels

E.W. Tollner; Y.-C. Hung

Pulse nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was evaluated for usefulness for moisture content measurement in wheat, corn, soybeans, pecans and peanuts. The free induction decay (FID) and in some cases, spin-echo (SE) outputs were used. Moisture content affected the shape of the FID curve, particularly with wheat, corn and soybeans. Relationships between moisture and NMR variables describing FID shape resulted in coefficients of determination ranging from 0·8 to 0·97 for wheat, corn and soybeans. The relatively high oil content of peanuts and pecans probably reduced the FID shape sensitivity to moisture content. Additional studies on peanuts by SE and FID data analysis gave coefficients of determination ranging from 0·8 to 0·9. NMR may be useful for detecting high-moisture kernels or aliquots within batches of grains but appropriate hardware is needed to provide adequate throughput.


Transactions of the ASABE | 1998

PREDICTING PEANUT MATURITY WITH MAGNETIC RESONANCE

Ernest W. Tollner; V. Boudolf; R. W. McClendon; Y.-C. Hung

Knowledge of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) maturity is crucial in harvest timing for minimizing aflatoxin and nmaximizing harvest yield. Low resolution pulse nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was explored as an alternative to ncurrent maturity evaluation methods which are based on pod color as determined using the hull-scrape approach. For the n1992 through 1995 seasons, peanuts (cv. Florunner) were sampled weekly over a 3 to 5 week period. Nearly 200 kernels nper week were analyzed by hull-scrape, gravimetric and NMR methods. The NMR data consisted of the Free Induction nDecay peak as observed at 20 µs (FIDPK herein), FIDPK + 20 µs (FID40) and spin-echo at 2000 µs (ECHO). The nFIDPK and the FID40 each strongly increased nonlinearly with maturity class as did ECHO, but to a lesser extent. Data nfrom 1992-94 were processed to select randomly an equal number of peanuts in each of six maturity levels. This data set nwas then divided into a discriminant classifier model building set (2/3) and a validation set (1/3). Chi square values based non predicted versus observed maturity distributions exceeded the P = 0.05 value of 12.8; however, the days to harvest from nthe classifier validation data set were nearly identical to that estimated by the hull-scrape method. The maturity nprediction model based solely on the above mentioned NMR parameters predicted identical days to harvest as obtained nfrom corresponding hull scrape data for a validation sample from the 1995 season.


Applied Engineering in Agriculture | 2007

Milling of Cowpea Flour Using Cyclone Assisted Milling

M. Jarrard; Y.-C. Hung

A two-part factorial design was used to evaluate the effects of mill configuration and operational parameters of a cyclone assisted impact/attrition mill, and preconditioning treatments of cowpea seed on the geometric mean particle diameter (dgw) and yield of cowpea flour. Cowpea flour was milled using a Super Wing Mill DM-200 cyclone assisted impact/attrition food mill. Milling parameters (mill configuration, turbine speed, airflow restriction, sample feed, and milling time) and sample preconditioning treatments (moisture and temperature) were systematically altered to examine the dynamic response on the dgw and yield of cowpea flour. A two-part factorial design (25 and 33) showed that the modified wing mill configuration produced a larger dgw along with a significant increase in yield; turbine speed and airflow restriction within the mill offered additional control of dgw and yield. Preconditioning of cowpea seed showed that temperature preconditioning had no effect on the dgw or yield, but preconditioning of moisture content had a significant effect on dgw and yield of cowpea flour. Parameters for the milling of fine cowpea flour (dgw = 17µm; = 90% yield) were identified as using preconditioned cowpea seed at 4% moisture (20°C) milled using the modified wing mill configuration with a turbine speed of 7200 rpm at a 90° airflow restriction for 5 min of milling time.


Transactions of the ASABE | 1989

Predicting the Effect of Drying Conditions on the Textural Properties of Roasted Peanuts

Y.-C. Hung

ABSTRACT The effects of drying conditions on the equilibrium moisture content and textural properties of roasted peanuts were evaluated. Drying temperatures of 21 (room temperature), 38, 54 and 71 °C were selected. Isotherm data were collected at 25°C by using various saturated salt solutions. Increasing the drying temperature shifted the isotherm to the right. This indicated that peanuts dried at a higher temperature had a lower EMC than the others. Peanuts dried at either room temperature or 71 °C required the least amount of shear-compression force and energy and were the most crisp and crunchy. For peanuts subjected to heated-air drying, the higher the temperature, the lower the shear-compression force and energy and the more crisp and crunchy the texture.


Transactions of the ASABE | 1994

Effect of harvest date on the chemical composition of peanuts

Y.-C. Hung

The effects of harvest date on the chemical composition of peanuts over a three-year period (1987 through 1989) were evaluated. Harvest year had no significant effect on chemical composition of peanuts. Protein content remained essentially unchanged as peanuts matured, except for the most mature peanuts which had the lowest amount of protein. Oil content increased and carbohydrate content decreased as peanuts matured. Protein content increased with increasing DAP (day after planting) and oil content increased with DAP up to 125 DAP then decreased with DAP. The highest amount of oil content from peanuts harvested at 125 DAP may be explained by the highest amount of accumulative effective daily heat unit.


Journal of Texture Studies | 1990

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE TEXTURAL PROPERTIES OF SPREADABLE PEANUT BASED PRODUCTS

K. F. Muego; Anna V. A. Resurreccion; Y.-C. Hung


Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry | 2002

Physicochemical and sensory characteristic changes in fortified peanut spreads after 3 months of storage at different temperatures

Jui-Yueh Yeh; R. Dixon Phillips; and Anna V. A. Resurreccion; Y.-C. Hung


Journal of Food Science | 1987

Quality Evaluation of Peanut‐Supplemented Chinese Type Noodles

P. Chompreeda; Anna V. A. Resurreccion; Y.-C. Hung; Larry R. Beuchat


Journal of Food Quality | 1990

Effect of curvature and surface area on colorimeter readings : a model study

Y.-C. Hung

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