Yanchun Zhang

Achieving convergence, causality preservation, and intention preservation in real-time cooperative editing systems

Real-time cooperative editing systems allow multiple users to view and edit the same text/graphic/image/multimedia document at the same time for multiple sites connected by communication networks. Consistency maintenance is one of the most significant challenges in designing and implementing real-time cooperative editing systems. In this article, a consistency model, with properties of convergence, causality preservation, and intention preservation, is proposed as a framework for consistency maintenance in real-time cooperative editing systems. Moreover, an integrated set of schemes and algorithms, which support the proposed consistency model, are devised and discussed in detail. In particular, we have contributed (1) a novel generic operation transformation control algorithm for achieving intention preservation in combination with schemes for achieving convergence and causality preservation and (2) a pair of reversible inclusion and exclusion transformation algorithms for stringwise operations for text editing. An Internet-based prototype system has been built to test the feasibility of the proposed schemes and algorithms

Algorithms and Techniques

Apart from the fundamental theoretical backgrounds talked in Chapter 2, in the context of web data mining, there are a lot of algorithms and approaches developed in a large volume of literatures. These various approaches and techniques are well studied and implemented in different applications and scenarios by research efforts contributed from the expertise of Database, Artificial Intelligence, Information Science, Natural Language Processing, Human Computer Interaction even Social Science. Although these algorithms and techniques are developed from the perspectives of different disciplines, they are widely and diversely explored and applied in the above mentioned areas simultaneously. In this chapter, we bring some well used algorithms and techniques together and review the technical strengths of them. We aim to prepare a solid technology knowledge foundation for further chapters.

Frontiers of WWW Research and Development - APWeb 2006

Keynote Papers.- Applications Development for the Computational Grid.- Strongly Connected Dominating Sets in Wireless Sensor Networks with Unidirectional Links.- Mobile Web and Location-Based Services.- The Case of the Duplicate Documents Measurement, Search, and Science.- Regular Papers.- An Effective System for Mining Web Log.- Adapting K-Means Algorithm for Discovering Clusters in Subspaces.- Sample Sizes for Query Probing in Uncooperative Distributed Information Retrieval.- The Probability of Success of Mobile Agents When Routing in Faulty Networks.- Clustering Web Documents Based on Knowledge Granularity.- XFlat: Query Friendly Encrypted XML View Publishing.- Distributed Energy Efficient Data Gathering with Intra-cluster Coverage in Wireless Sensor Networks.- QoS-Driven Web Service Composition with Inter Service Conflicts.- An Agent-Based Approach for Cooperative Data Management.- Transforming Heterogeneous Messages Automatically in Web Service Composition.- User-Perceived Web QoS Measurement and Evaluation System.- An RDF Storage and Query Framework with Flexible Inference Strategy.- An Aspect-Oriented Approach to Declarative Access Control for Web Applications.- A Statistical Study of Todays Gnutella.- Automatically Constructing Descriptive Site Maps.- TWStream: Finding Correlated Data Streams Under Time Warping.- Supplier Categorization with K-Means Type Subspace Clustering.- Classifying Web Data in Directory Structures.- Semantic Similarity Based Ontology Cache.- In-Network Join Processing for Sensor Networks.- Transform BPEL Workflow into Hierarchical CP-Nets to Make Tool Support for Verification.- Identifying Agitators as Important Blogger Based on Analyzing Blog Threads.- Detecting Collusion Attacks in Security Protocols.- Role-Based Delegation with Negative Authorization.- Approximate Top-k Structural Similarity Search over XML Documents.- Towards Enhancing Trust on Chinese E-Commerce.- Flexible Deployment Models for Location-Aware Key Management in Wireless Sensor Networks.- A Diachronic Analysis of Gender-Related Web Communities Using a HITS-Based Mining Tool.- W3 Trust-Profiling Framework (W3TF) to Assess Trust and Transitivity of Trust of Web-Based Services in a Heterogeneous Web Environment.- Image Description Mining and Hierarchical Clustering on Data Records Using HR-Tree.- Personalized News Categorization Through Scalable Text Classification.- The Adaptability of English Based Web Search Algorithms to Chinese Search Engines.- A Feedback Based Framework for Semi-automic Composition of Web Services.- Fast Approximate Matching Between XML Documents and Schemata.- Mining Query Log to Assist Ontology Learning from Relational Database.- An Area-Based Collaborative Sleeping Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks.- F@: A Framework of Group Awareness in Synchronous Distributed Groupware.- Adaptive User Profile Model and Collaborative Filtering for Personalized News.- Context Matcher: Improved Web Search Using Query Term Context in Source Document and in Search Results.- Weighted Ontology-Based Search Exploiting Semantic Similarity.- Determinants of Groupware Usability for Community Care Collaboration.- Automated Discovering of What is Hindering the Learning Performance of a Student.- Sharing Protected Web Resources Using Distributed Role-Based Modeling.- Concept Map Model for Web Ontology Exploration.- A Resource-Adaptive Transcoding Proxy Caching Strategy.- Optimizing Collaborative Filtering by Interpolating the Individual and Group Behaviors.- Extracting Semantic Relationships Between Terms from PC Documents and Its Applications to Web Search Personalization.- Detecting Implicit Dependencies Between Tasks from Event Logs.- Implementing Privacy Negotiations in E-Commerce.- A Community-Based, Agent-Driven, P2P Overlay Architecture for Personalized Web.- Providing an Uncertainty Reasoning Service for Semantic Web Application.- Indexing XML Documents Using Self Adaptive Genetic Algorithms for Better Retreival.- GCC: A Knowledge Management Environment for Research Centers and Universities.- Towards More Personalized Web: Extraction and Integration of Dynamic Content from the Web.- Supporting Relative Workflows with Web Services.- Text Based Knowledge Discovery with Information Flow Analysis.- Short Papers.- Study on QoS Driven Web Services Composition.- Optimizing the Data Intensive Mediator-Based Web Services Composition.- Role of Triple Space Computing in Semantic Web Services.- Modified ID-Based Threshold Decryption and Its Application to Mediated ID-Based Encryption.- Materialized View Maintenance in Peer Data Management Systems.- Cubic Analysis of Social Bookmarking for Personalized Recommendation.- MAGMS: Mobile Agent-Based Grid Monitoring System.- A Computational Trust Model for Semantic Web Based on Bayesian Decision Theory.- Efficient Dynamic Traffic Navigation with Hierarchical Aggregation Tree.- A Color Bar Based Affective Annotation Method for Media Player.- Robin: Extracting Visual and Textual Features from Web Pages.- Generalized Projected Clustering in High-Dimensional Data Streams.- An Effective Web Page Layout Adaptation for Various Resolutions.- XMine: A Methodology for Mining XML Structure.- Multiple Join Processing in Data Grid.- A Novel Architecture for Realizing Grid Workflow Using Pi-Calculus Technology.- A Chord-Based Novel Mobile Peer-to-Peer File Sharing Protocol.- Web-Based Genomic Information Integration with Gene Ontology.- Table Detection from Plain Text Using Machine Learning and Document Structure.- Efficient Mining Strategy for Frequent Serial Episodes in Temporal Database.- Efficient and Provably Secure Client-to-Client Password-Based Key Exchange Protocol.- Effective Criteria for Web Page Changes.- WordRank-Based Lexical Signatures for Finding Lost or Related Web Pages.- A Scalable Update Management Mechanism for Query Result Caching Systems at Database-Driven Web Sites.- Building Content Clusters Based on Modelling Page Pairs.- IRFCF: Iterative Rating Filling Collaborative Filtering Algorithm.- A Method to Select the Optimum Web Services.- A New Methodology for Information Presentations on the Web.- Integration of Single Sign-On and Role-Based Access Control Profiles for Grid Computing.- An Effective Service Discovery Model for Highly Reliable Web Services Composition in a Specific Domain.- Using Web Archive for Improving Search Engine Results.- Closed Queueing Network Model for Multi-tier Data Stream Processing Center.- Optimal Task Scheduling Algorithm for Non-preemptive Processing System.- A Multi-agent Based Grid Service Discovery Framework Using Fuzzy Petri Net and Ontology.- Modeling Identity Management Architecture Within a Social Setting.- Ontological Engineering in Data Warehousing.- Mapping Ontology Relations: An Approach Based on Best Approximations.- Building a Semantic P2P Scientific References Sharing System with JXTA.- Named Graphs as a Mechanism for Reasoning About Provenance.- Discovery of Spatiotemporal Patterns in Mobile Environment.- Visual Description Conversion for Enhancing Search Engines and Navigational Systems.- Reusing Experiences for an Effective Learning in a Web-Based Context.- Special Sessions on e-Water.- Collaboration Between China and Australia: An e-Water Workshop Report.- On Sensor Network Segmentation for Urban Water Distribution Monitoring.- Using the Shuffled Complex Evolution Global Optimization Method to Solve Groundwater Management Models.- Integrating Hydrological Data of Yellow River for Efficient Information Services.- Application and Integration of Information Technology in Water Resources Informatization.- An Empirical Study on Groupware Support for Water Resources Ontology Integration.- Ontology Mapping Approach Based on OCL.- Object Storage System for Mass Geographic Information.- The Service-Oriented Data Integration Platform for Water Resources Management.- Construction of Yellow River Digital Project Management System.- Study on the Construction and Application of 3D Visualization Platform for the Yellow River Basin.- Industry Papers.- A Light-Weighted Approach to Workflow View Implementation.- RSS Feed Generation from Legacy HTML Pages.- Ontology Driven Securities Data Management and Analysis.- Context Gallery: A Service-Oriented Framework to Facilitate Context Information Sharing.- A Service-Oriented Architecture Based Macroeconomic Analysis & Forecasting System.- A Web-Based Method for Building Company Name Knowledge Base.- Demo Sessions.- Healthy Waterways: Healthy Catchments - An Integrated Research/Management Program to Understand and Reduce Impacts of Sediments and Nutrients on Waterways in Queensland, Australia.- Groundwater Monitoring in China.- The Digital Yellow River Programme.- Web Services Based State of the Environment Reporting.- COEDIG: Collaborative Editor in Grid Computing.- HVEM Grid: Experiences in Constructing an Electron Microscopy Grid.- WISE: A Prototype for Ontology Driven Development of Web Information Systems.- DSEC: A Data Stream Engine Based Clinical Information System.- SESQ: A Novel System for Building Domain Specific Web Search Engines.- Digital Map: Animated Mode.- Dynamic Voice User Interface Using VoiceXML and Active Server Pages.- WebVine Suite: A Web Services Based BPMS.- Adaptive Mobile Cooperation Model Based on Context Awareness.- An Integrated Network Management System.- Ichigen-San: An Ontology-Based Information Retrieval System.- A Database Monitoring and Disaster Recovery System.- IPVita: An Intelligent Platform of Virtual Travel Agency.- LocalRank: A Prototype for Ranking Web Pages with Database Considering Geographical Locality.- Automated Content Transformation with Adjustment for Visual Presentation Related to Terminal Types.

Advanced Web Technologies and Applications

Spatial data has now been used extensively in the Web environment, providing online customized maps and supporting map-based applications. The full potential of Web-based spatial applications, however, has yet to be achieved due to performance issues related to the large sizes and high complexity of spatial data. In this paper, we introduce a multiresolution approach to spatial data management and query processing such that the database server can choose spatial data at the right resolution level for different Web applications. One highly desirable property of the proposed approach is that the server-side processing cost and network traffic can be reduced when the level of resolution required by applications are low. Another advantage is that our approach pushes complex multiresolution structures and algorithms into the spatial database engine. That is, the developer of spatial Web applications needs not to be concerned with such complexity. This paper explains the basic idea, technical feasibility and applications of multiresolution spatial databases.This paper provides an overview of a query indexing method, called VCR indexing, for monitoring continual range queries. A VCRbased query index enables fast matching of events against a large number of range predicates. We first describe VCR indexing for general event matching against a set of 2D range predicates. We then show how VCR indexing can be used for efficient processing of continual range queries over moving objects. VCR stands for virtual construct rectangle. A set of VCRs are predefined, each with a unique ID. Each region defined by the range predicate is decomposed into or covered by one or more activated VCRs. The predicate ID is then stored in the ID lists associated with these activated VCRs. The use of VCRs provides an indirect and costeffective way of pre-computing the search result for any given event or object position. Event matching becomes very efficient.

Effectively finding relevant Web pages from linkage information

This paper presents two hyperlink analysis-based algorithms to find relevant pages for a given Web page (URL). The first algorithm comes from the extended cocitation analysis of the Web pages. It is intuitive and easy to implement. The second one takes advantage of linear algebra theories to reveal deeper relationships among the Web pages and to identify relevant pages more precisely and effectively. The experimental results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithms. These algorithms could be used for various Web applications, such as enhancing Web search. The ideas and techniques in this work would be helpful to other Web-related research.

A flexible payment scheme and its role-based access control

This work proposes a practical payment protocol with scalable anonymity for Internet purchases, and analyzes its role-based access control (RBAC). The protocol uses electronic cash for payment transactions. It is an offline payment scheme that can prevent a consumer from spending a coin more than once. Consumers can improve anonymity if they are worried about disclosure of their identities to banks. An agent provides high anonymity through the issue of a certification. The agent certifies reencrypted data after verifying the validity of the content from consumers, but with no private information of the consumers required. With this new method, each consumer can get the required anonymity level, depending on the available time, computation, and cost. We use RBAC to manage the new payment scheme and improve its integrity. With RBAC, each user may be assigned one or more roles, and each role can be assigned one or more privileges that are permitted to users in that role. To reduce conflicts of different roles and decrease complexities of administration, duty separation constraints, role hierarchies, and scenarios of end-users are analyzed.

An overview of content-based image retrieval techniques

Content-based image retrieval is currently a very important area of research in the area of multimedia databases. Plenty of research work has been undertaken to design efficient image retrieval techniques from image or multimedia databases. Although a large number of indexing and retrieval techniques have been developed, there are still no universally accepted feature extraction, indexing and retrieval techniques available. In this paper, we present an up-to-date review of various content-based image retrieval systems. Since the volume of literature available in the field is enormous, only selected works are mentioned.

Algorithm for Web Services Matching

UDDI is a standard for publishing and discovery of web services. UDDI registries provide keyword searches for web services. The search functionality is very simple and fails to account for relationships between web services. In this paper, we propose an algorithm which retrieves closely related web services. The proposed algorithm is based on singular value decomposition (SVD) in linear algebra, which reveals semantic relationships among web services. The preliminary evaluation shows the effectiveness and feasibility of the algorithm.

Efficiently finding web services using a clustering semantic approach

Efficiently finding Web services on the Web is a challenging issue in service-oriented computing. Currently, UDDI is a standard for publishing and discovery of Web services, and UDDI registries also provide keyword searches for Web services. However, the search functionality is very simple and fails to account for relationships between Web services. Firstly, users are overwhelmed by the huge number of irrelevant returned services. Secondly, the intentions of users and the semantics in Web services are ignored. Inspired by the success of partitioning approach used in the database design, we used a novel clustering semantic algorithm to eliminate irrelevant services with respect to a query. Then we utilized Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis (PLSA), a machine learning method, to capture the semantics hidden behind the words in a query, and the descriptions in the services, so that service matching can be carried out at the concept level. This paper reports upon the preliminary experimental evaluation that shows improvements over recall and precision.

Real time cooperative editing on the Internet

New research and a prototype implementation solve some fundamental problems in distributed, real-time, cooperative editing in the Internet environment. The REDUCE systems strategies include a novel consistency model and responsiveness techniques that permit arbitrary order in executing independent operations.