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Dive into the research topics where Yannicke Dauphin is active.

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Featured researches published by Yannicke Dauphin.


Applied Geochemistry | 1998

Diagenetic changes in the mineral and organic phases of fossil avian eggshells from Namibia

Yannicke Dauphin; Martin Pickford; Brigitte Senut

Recent surveys in the Neogene aeolianites of the Namib Sand Sea have led to the recovery of abundant and varied fossil eggshell fragments from diverse stratigraphic horizons: Aepyornithoid, Struthio and Diamantornis. The mineralogy, elemental composition, and organic matrices of these eggshells have been studied. Despite good preservation of the microstructural and mineralogical features of the fossil eggshells, the organic matrices have been altered in quantity and quality. The soluble and insoluble matrices of the eggshells show different behaviour during diagenetic processes.


Palaeontologische Zeitschrift | 1997

Composition chimique de quelques Mammifères fossiles d’un milieu continental phosphaté (Aubrelong I, Lot, France, Oligocène inférieur)

Yannicke Dauphin; Brigitte Lange-Badré

Fossil mammal long bones from Lower Oligocene from Aubrelong 1 (Quercy) were analysed for a range of elements using electron microprobe technique and infrared spectrometry. Fossil mammal teeth were analysed using electron microprobe technique. Comparison of the fossil samples is made with those of recent samples. Infrared spectra show the decrease and the alteration of the organic matrix content in fossil bones. Values for the elements P, Ca are significantly higher, and S lower in the fossil samples relative to the recent samples. The high concentrations of these elements in the fossil samples are clearly a result of diagenetic alteration. In most fossil sites, all the tissues are enriched in Ca, P contents being higher or lower than in the recent tissues. All the fossil tissues of the Aubrelong site are enriched in P. Thus one may tentatively conclude that there is a relationship between the phosphatic composition of sediment and the behavior of P. The chemical composition of all the fossil tissues seems to converge. The organic and the mineral phases are altered by diagenetic processes.RésuméLa composition d’os longs de Mammifères de l’Oligocène inférieur d’Aubrelong 1 (Quercy) a été analysée par spectrométrie infrarouge et microsonde électronique, celle des dents par microsonde électronique. Les spectres infrarouges montrent une altération et une forte diminution de la matière organique chez les os fossiles par rapport aux os actuels. Les tissus fossiles (os, émail et dentine) sont enrichis en P et Ca, appauvris en S et leur composition élémentaire tend à devenir plus homogène que celle des tissus actuels correspondants. Si l’augmentation des teneurs en Ca de tous les tissus se retrouve dans pratiquement tous les sites fossiles, l’enrichissement en P doit être mis en relation avec la nature phosphatée du sédiment d’Aubrelong. Les processus diagénétiques ont modifié les rapports phase organique - phase minérale, et leurs compositions.


Palaeontologische Zeitschrift | 1984

Microstructures des Céphalopodes. IV Le «rostre» deBelosepia (Dibranchiata)

Yannicke Dauphin

KurzfassungDas »Rostrum« von Belosepia besteht aus aragonitischen prismatischen Schichten, die im zentralen Teil regelmäßig konzentrisch, im äußeren Teil als radiale Sektoren angeordnet sind. Ein grundsätzlicher Unterschied zur Struktur der Belemniten bzw. der Sepiiden ist nicht zu erkennen.Abstract“Rostrum” of Belosepia is built of aragonitic prismatic layers, which are regularly concentric in the central part and arranged in radial sectors in the outer part. No fundamental difference in composition and structure of rostra of the Belemnitidae or Sepiidae can be noted.RésuméLe «rostre» de Belosepia est composé par des couches prismatiques aragonitiques, régulièrement concentriques dans la partie centrale, réparties en secteurs radiaires dans la partie périphérique. Aucune différence fondamentale avec la structure de Bélemnitidés ou de Sépiidés ne peut être relevée.


Palaeontologische Zeitschrift | 1996

Evaluation de l’état diagénétique de tests de Mollusques du Pléistocène de la Mer Caspienne

Yannicke Dauphin

KurzfassungMikrostrukturelle Untersuchungen an pleistozänen Mollusken-Schalen (Bivalven, Gastropoden) aus einem Kern der Bohrung Kraynovka (NW-Küste des Kaspischen Meeres) zeigen ein Abblättern der Schalen-Schichten, zahlreiche Löcher auf der Oberfläche und Verlust der organischen Substanz. Obwohl die Mikrostrukturen deutlich erkennbar sind, weisen diese Schalen einen hohen Gehalt an Si, Al, K und Fe auf. Nach leichter Ätzung der Oberfläche zeigen chemische Analysen, daß diese Anreicherungen zurückzuführen sind auf Infiltrationen und/oder Ablagerungen von Silt-Partikeln. Die Schalen sind aragonitisch. Veränderungen in diesen Schalen können nur durch mikrostrukturelle Untersuchungen in Verbindung mit lokalen chemischen Analysen nachgewiesen werden.AbstractA microstructural examination of some molluscan shells (bivalves and gastropods) collected in Pleistocene levels of the Kraynovka core (north-western coast of the Caspian Sea) shows that the shells are altered: exfoliated shell layers, abundant superficial cavities, disappearance of the organic matrix … Although the microstructures are apparent, chemical analyses show high Si, Al, K and Fe contents. These enrichments lack after a light etching of the shells. Very thin infiltrations and/or secondary deposits are present on the shells, without any structural or mineralogical changes in the hard parts. Shells are aragonitic. Alterations in these shells can be detected only by microstructural observations related to localized chemical analysis.RésuméL’observation des microstructures des Mollusques (Bivalves et Gastéropodes) prélevés dans des niveaux pléistocènes de la carotte Kraynovka (côte nord-ouest de la Mer Caspienne) montre que les tests sont altérés: délitement des couches, nombreuses cupules superficielles, disparition de la phase organique … Bien que les microstructures soient aisément identifiables, la composition chimique élémentaire de ces tests montre un net enrichissement en Si, Al, K et Fe. Après un léger décapage de ces surfaces, les analyses chimiques localisées montrent que ces enrichissements sont dûs à des infiltrations et/ ou des dépôts secondaires de particules silteuses. Ces coquilles sont aragonitiques. Cependant l’observation microstructurale associée confirme que, en dépit de cette bonne conservation minéralogique et de la composition chimique, ces coquilles sont altérées. L’association des deux types d’analyse est donc fondamentale pour l’estimation du degré de conservation de tels spécimens.


PalZ | 2018

Diagenetic alterations of Meriones incisors (Rodentia) of El Harhoura 2 cave, Morocco (late Pleistocene–middle Holocene)

Yannicke Dauphin; Hiram Castillo-Michel; Christiane Denys; Mohamed Abdeljalil El Hajraoui; Roland Nespoulet; Emmanuelle Stoetzel

Abstract Fossil teeth are used for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. Among the criteria used, the geochemical composition is favoured, because it is said that the enamel is exempt from diagenetic changes. The combined microstructural and chemical analyses of rodent incisors from the cave of El Hahroura 2 (Morocco, Middle Palaeolithic–Neolithic) using scanning electron microscopy, an electron microprobe and FTIR spectroscopy show that all teeth were preserved in apatite. Nevertheless, the microstructure of both dentine and enamel is altered, as well as their chemical composition. Teeth excavated from the upper layers are already diagenetically modified despite being from the Neolithic. Teeth from three older stratigraphic layers are also altered but with a different pattern. Up to now, a direct correlation of the morphological and structural/compositional preservation has not been possible, showing that to use only one criterion to infer the quality of the preservation is not sufficient. Moreover, palaeoecological or palaeoenvironmental reconstructions based on geochemical data without control of the dental microstructure may be biased.KurzfassungFossile Zähne werden für die Rekonstruktion der Paläoökologie und Paläoumweltbedingungen verwendet. Die geochemische Zusammensetzung ist der meistverwendete Proxy, weil man davon ausgeht, dass der Zahnschmelz keinen diagenetischen Veränderungen unterliegt. Die kombinierte Analyse der Mikrostruktur und chemischen Zusammensetzung von Nagetier-Schneidezähnen aus der Höhle von El Hahroura 2 (Marokko, mittleres Paläolithikum bis Neolithikum) mittels Rasterelektronenmikroskopie, Elektronenstrahlmikrosonde und FTIR-Spektroskopie zeigen, dass alle Zähne als Apatit erhalten sind. Trotzdem sind Mikrostruktur und chemische Zusammensetzung von Dentin und Schmelz verändert. Sogar Zähne aus den obersten Schichten sind bereits diagenetisch verändert, obwohl sie aus dem Neolithikum stammen. Zähne aus drei tieferen Schichten sind ebenfalls alteriert, allerdings zeigen diese ein anderes Muster der diagenetischen Veränderung. Bis jetzt war eine Korrelation von morphologischem und chemischem Zustand nicht möglich, was zeigt, dass ein Kriterium alleine den Erhaltungszustand nicht ausreichend charakterisiert. Darüber hinaus können Rekonstruktionen der Paläoökologie oder Paläoumweltbedingungen ohne Kontrolle der Zahn-Mikrostruktur verfälscht sein.


Connective Tissue Research | 2018

Biomineralization in modern avian calcified eggshells: similarity versus diversity

Yannicke Dauphin; Gilles Luquet; Alberto Pérez-Huerta; Murielle Salomé

ABSTRACT Avian eggshells are composed of several layers made of organic compounds and a mineral phase (calcite), and the general structure is basically the same in all species. A comparison of the structure, crystallography, and chemical composition shows that despite an overall similarity, each species has its own structure, crystallinity, and composition. Eggshells are a perfect example of the crystallographic versus biological concept of the formation and growth mechanisms of calcareous biominerals: the spherulitic—columnar structure is described as “a typical case of competitive crystal growth”, but it is also said that the eggshell matrix components regulate eggshell mineralization. Electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) analyses show that the crystallinity differs between different species. Nevertheless, the three layers are composed of rounded granules, and neither facets nor angles are visible. In-situ analyses show the heterogeneous distribution of chemical elements throughout the thickness of single eggshell. The presence of organic matrices other than the outer and inner membranes in eggshells is confirmed by thermograms and infrared spectrometry, and the differences in quality and quantity depend on the species. Thus, as in other biocrystals, crystal growth competition is not enough to explain these differences, and there is a strong biological control of the eggshell secretion.


International Journal of Earth Sciences | 1999

Compositional diversity of soluble mineralizing matrices in some recent coral skeletons compared to fine-scale growth structures of fibres: discussion of consequences for biomineralization and diagenesis

Jean-Pierre Cuif; Yannicke Dauphin; Pascale Gautret


Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences. Série 2. Sciences de la terre et des planètes | 1995

Experimental taphonomy: preliminary results of the digestion of micromammal bones in the laboratory

Christiane Denys; Yolanda Fernández-Jalvo; Yannicke Dauphin


Bulletin De La Societe Geologique De France | 1997

Towards a site classification; comparison of stratigraphic, taphonomic and diagenetic patterns and processes

Christiane Denys; Peter Andrews; Yannicke Dauphin; Terry Williams; Yolanda Fernandez-Jalvo


Geobios | 1997

Facteurs de la diagenèse précoce des biominéraux: Exemple d'un polypier de Porites de Nouvelle-Calédonie

Jean-Pierre Cuif; Yannicke Dauphin; Alain Denis; Pascale Gautret; Serguei I. Kiyashko; Marc Massault

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Christiane Denys

Centre national de la recherche scientifique

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Claire Rollion-Bard

Centre national de la recherche scientifique

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Dominique Blamart

Centre national de la recherche scientifique

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Alain Denis

Centre national de la recherche scientifique

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Anne Juillet-Leclerc

Centre national de la recherche scientifique

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Brigitte Senut

Centre national de la recherche scientifique

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