Yaru Li

Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with type 2 diabetes among a middle‐ and old‐age Chinese population

Although the association of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection with diabetes mellitus has been evaluated, findings are controversial. This study investigated the association in a Chinese population.

Long sleep duration and afternoon napping are associated with higher risk of incident diabetes in middle-aged and older Chinese: the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study.

Abstract Background In this study, we investigated the independent and combined effects of sleep duration and afternoon napping on the risk of incident diabetes among a cohort of middle-aged and older Chinese adults. Methods Information of sleep and napping was obtained by questionnaires during face-to-face interviews. We categorized sleep duration into <7 h, 7∼<8 h (reference), 8∼<9 h, 9∼<10 h, and ≥ 10 h. Afternoon napping was divided into no napping (0 min) (reference), 1–30 min, 31–60 min, 61–90 min, and > 90 min. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used. Results Compared with referential sleeping group, subjects sleeping ≥10 h had a 42% higher risk of developing diabetes. The HR was 1.28 for napping > 90 min when compared with no napping. These associations were more pronounced in individuals without hypertension. Combined effects of long sleep duration and afternoon napping were further identified. Individuals with both sleep duration ≥ 10 h and napping > 60 min had a 72% higher risk of incident diabetes than those with sleeping 7∼<8 h and napping 0 min (all above p < 0.05). Conclusions Both long sleep duration and afternoon napping were independently and jointly associated with higher risk of incident diabetes. Key messages Sleep duration was associated with diabetes, but whether it is a real cause of incident diabetes especially in Chinese still remains to be elucidated. The association of afternoon napping and diabetes was not consistent and definite, we clarified this association in a large prospective study. Long sleep duration and afternoon napping were independently and jointly associated with higher risk of incident diabetes.

Exposure to the Chinese famine in early life and hypertension prevalence risk in adults.

Objectives: Famine exposure in early life has been reported to be associated with higher risk of hypertension prevalence in adults. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of exposure to the Chinese famine during early life with the risk of hypertension prevalence in adults. Methods: There were 8742 participants born between 1952 and 1964 derived from the Dongfeng–Tongji cohort included in the present study. Participants were classified as nonexposed group, fetal exposed group, early-childhood exposed group, mid-childhood exposed group, and late-childhood exposed group, respectively. Logistic regression model was used to explore the association between famine exposure in early life and risk of hypertension prevalence in adults. Results: The prevalence of hypertension among individuals in nonexposed group, fetal exposed group, early-childhood exposed group, mid-childhood exposed group, and late-childhood exposed group were 34.0, 38.0, 43.9, 47.4, and 54.4%, respectively. Compared with nonexposed group, participants exposed to the famine in the fetal [1.24, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.51], early childhood (1.44, 95% CI: 1.20–1.73), mid-childhood (1.67, 95% CI: 1.38–2.02), and late childhood (2.11, 95% CI: 1.75–2.55) had higher risk of hypertension prevalence in adults after adjustment for potential confounders (P for trend <0.0001). Adjustment for age did not materially change the results. Conclusion: Results in the present study indicated that exposure to the famine in early life increases the risk of hypertension prevalence in adulthood.

Association between serum bilirubin levels and decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate among patients with type 2 diabetes.

AIMS Studies indicate that elevated serum total bilirubin (TBil) levels are associated with lower risk of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Few studies examined the associations of direct bilirubin (DBil) and indirect bilirubin (IBil) with the development of DKD. METHODS Type 2 diabetes patients (n=2,958) with estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR)≥60mlmin(-1) 1.73m(-2) from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort were selected and followed up for 5years. Development of DKD was defined as decline in eGFR≥30% during follow-up. Generalize linear model was used to assess the associations of bilirubin levels with DKD development. RESULTS Compared with those in the first tertile of serum TBil, the relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident eGFR decline for tertile 2 to 3 were 0.83 (0.64-1.09) and 0.74 (0.56-0.98), Ptrend=0.04. The counterpart RRs (95% CIs) in IBil were 0.74 (0.57-0.97) and 0.75 (0.57-0.98), Ptrend=0.04. No significant associations were observed in DBil. Moreover, TBil and IBil interacted with smoking, the bilirubin-DKD associations were evident in ever smokers. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that elevation of serum TBil or IBil levels are independent protective factors for development of DKD, particularly in smokers.

Bidirectional association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes in Chinese population: Evidence from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study

Objectives The aim of this study is to examine the bidirectional association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods The data was derived from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study, which was established in 2008 and followed until October 2013. NAFLD was classified as none, mild, moderate/severe based on ultrasound examination. The analysis to examine the association between NAFLD and incident T2DM risk included 18,111 participants free of diabetes at baseline and the duration of follow-up was 4.60 ± 0.60 years. Cox proportional regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) for the association. The analysis to investigate the association between T2DM and incident NAFLD risk included 12,435 participants free of NAFLD at baseline. Logistic regression model was used to calculate the odd ratio (OR) of NAFLD. Results Compared with those without NAFLD, individuals with mild or moderate/severe NAFLD had a monotonic elevated risk of developing T2DM (HR: 1.88 [95% CI: 1.63–2.18] and 2.34 [1.85–2.96], respectively) after adjustment for potential confounders. In a parallel analysis, compared to participants with fasting plasma glucose < 6.1 mmol/L, the ORs of developing NAFLD in subjects with impaired fasting glucose and T2DM were 1.35 (95% CI: 1.16–1.57) and 1.40 (95% CI: 1.22–1.62), respectively. Conclusions Our results provide compelling evidence that the NAFLD-T2DM association is bidirectional in Chinese population.

Serum bilirubin levels and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from two independent cohorts in middle-aged and elderly Chinese

Serum bilirubin is a potent endogenous antioxidant and has been identified as cardiovascular risk in cohort studies, while the relation to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the elderly remains unclear. We investigated both cross-sectional and prospective associations between serum bilirubin levels and T2D risk in the Dongfeng-Tongji (DFTJ) cohort, and replicated the prospective findings in a nested case-control study (509 cases and 509 controls) within the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS). In the cross-sectional analysis of DFTJ cohort (15,575 participants with 2,532 diabetes cases), serum bilirubin levels (total, direct and indirect) increased in new on-set diabetes and decreased with the diabetic duration. In the longitudinal analysis of DFTJ cohort (772 incident diabetes cases during 4.5 years of follow-up among 12,530 diabetes-free participants at baseline), positive association was found between direct bilirubin and T2D risk comparing extreme quartiles, similar results were observed in the nested case-control study within SCHS. Total and indirect bilirubin levels were not significantly associated with T2D in either cohort. In conclusion, our findings do not support the protective association between serum bilirubin levels and incident T2D in the middle-aged and elderly adults; instead, direct bilirubin levels were associated with increased risk of T2D.

Serum creatinine levels and risk of metabolic syndrome in a middle-aged and older Chinese population

BACKGROUND The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) persistently increased. Several studies have found serum creatinine (SCr) concentrations related to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The relationship between SCr concentrations and MetS is unknown. METHODS We measured SCr concentrations and MetS in 22363 individuals (10,151 males, 12,212 females) from the Dongfeng-Tongji Cohort in Shiyan, China from 2008 to 2009. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS was 30.6% in the study population. In the multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses, higher SCr concentrations were associated with a higher risk of MetS (P trend<0.0001). Compared with the lowest extreme quintiles, subjects with the highest quintiles had 1.34 fold risk of MetS (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22-1.47). The SCr concentrations were also associated with the individual component of MetS. In addition, higher SCr concentrations were associated with higher risk of MetS with more components. CONCLUSIONS There is a graded positive association between the SCr concentrations and MetS risk in a middle aged and older Chinese population. Higher SCr concentrations, even within normal ranges, were associated with higher risk of MetS. The SCr might be a useful indicator of MetS and its related diseases.

Associations of the uric acid related genetic variants in SLC2A9 and ABCG2 loci with coronary heart disease risk

BackgroundMultiple studies investigated the associations between serum uric acid and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. However, further investigations still remain to be carried out to determine whether there exists a causal relationship between them. We aim to explore the associations between genetic variants in uric acid related loci of SLC2A9 and ABCG2 and CHD risk in a Chinese population.ResultsA case–control study including 1,146 CHD cases and 1,146 controls was conducted. Association analysis between two uric acid related variants (SNP rs11722228 in SLC2A9 and rs4148152 in ABCG2) and CHD risk was performed by logistic regression model. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Compared with subjects with A allele of rs4148152, those with G allele had a decreased CHD risk and the association remained significant in a multivariate model. However, it altered to null when BMI was added into the model. No significant association was observed between rs11722228 and CHD risk. The distribution of CHD risk factors was not significantly different among different genotypes of both SNPs. Among subjects who did not consume alcohol, the G allele of rs4148152 showed a moderate protective effect. However, no significant interactions were observed between SNP by CHD risk factors on CHD risk.ConclusionsThere might be no association between the two uric acid related SNPs with CHD risk. Further studies were warranted to validate these results.

Metabolic syndrome is associated with hearing loss among a middle-aged and older Chinese population: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background: Although the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hearing loss has been evaluated, findings are controversial. This study investigated this association in a Chinese population. Methods: A cross-sectional study including a total of 18,824 middle-aged and older participants from the Dongfeng-Tongji Cohort study was conducted. Hearing loss was defined as the pure-tone average (PTA) of frequencies 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 kHz >25 decibels hearing level (dB HL) in the better ear and graded as mild (PTA 26–40 dB HL), moderate (PTA >40 to ≤60 dB HL), and severe (PTA >60 dB HL). MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF) criteria of 2005. Association analysis was performed by logistic regression. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, participants with MetS showed higher OR of hearing loss (OR, 1.11; 95% CI: 1.03–1.19). The MetS components including central obesity (OR, 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01–1.15) and hyperglycemia (OR, 1.12; 95% CI: 1.04–1.20) were also positively associated with hearing loss. Low HDL-C levels were also associated with higher OR of moderate/severe hearing loss (OR, 1.21; 95% CI: 1.07–1.36). Conclusions: The MetS, including its components central obesity, hyperglycemia, and low HDL-C levels were positively associated with hearing loss. Key messages Studies indicated that cardiovascular disease and diabetes might be risk factors of hearing loss. However, few efforts have been made to establish a direct relationship between metabolic syndrome and hearing loss, especially in Chinese population. In the present study, a cross-sectional design using data from the Dongfeng-Tongji Cohort study was conducted to assess the association between metabolic syndrome and hearing loss. The metabolic syndrome, as well as its components central obesity, hyperglycemia, and low HDL-C levels were positively associated with hearing loss.