Yasuhide Okuyama

Modeling spatial and economic impacts of disasters

1 Introduction.- I: Conceptual and Modeling Issues.- 2 Economic Principles, Issues, and Research Priorities in Hazard Loss Estimation.- 3 Indirect Losses from Natural Disasters: Measurement and Myth.- 4 Has September 11 Affected New York Citys Growth Potential?.- II: Economic Models.- 5 Measuring Economic Impacts of Disasters: Interregional Input-Output Analysis Using Sequential Interindustry Model.- 6 Geohazards in Social Systems: An Insurance Matrix Approach.- 7 Computable General Equilibrium Modeling of Electric Utility Lifeline Losses from Earthquakes.- 8 The Fall of the Iron Curtain and the Evolution of German Regional Labour Markets: A Self-Organized Criticality Perspective.- 9 Risk Perception, Location Choice and Land-use Patterns under Disaster Risk: Long-term Consequences of Information Provision in a Spatial Economy.- III: Integrative Models.- 10 The Dynamics of Recovery: A Framework.- 11 Earthquake Disaster Mitigation for Urban Transportation Systems: An Integrated Methodology That Builds on the Kobe and Northridge Experiences.- 12 Analysis of Economic Impacts of an Earthquake on Transportation Network.- 13 Benefit Cost Analysis for Renewal Planning of Existing Electric Power Equipment.- 14 Evaluating the Disaster Resilience of Power Networks and Grids.

Economic Modeling for Disaster Impact Analysis: Past, Present, and Future

Abstract Analyzing economic impacts of disasters has attracted interest from a wide audience in recent years, not only because of the frequent occurrence of large natural disasters worldwide but also because of the spread of terrorism to a global scale. This paper reviews past modeling studies for economic impact analysis of disasters, focusing especially on the input–output model and related modeling frameworks, such as the social accounting matrix and the computable general equilibrium model. The paper also discusses the issues of disaster modeling raised by the literature, and proposes some future directions.

Modeling spatial economic impacts of an earthquake: input‐output approaches

Economic modeling issues for measuring damages and losses from disasters and their impacts are complex. The questions surrounding the potential economic effects of a disaster have been studied and discussed in various aspects. Input‐output analysis has been employed in many studies to measure and evaluate the economic impacts of disasters, mainly because of the ability to reflect the structure of regional economy in great detail. Whereas they provide useful information regarding the economic impacts and consequences and about the resource allocation strategies to minimize the losses and impacts, many of these studies have failed to investigate the dynamic nature of impact path over space and time, due to the difficulties to obtain such data and also to the static nature of input‐output framework. In order to analyze the spatial impacts of a disaster, Miyazawas extension to the conventional input‐output framework is employed and is applied for the case of the Great Hanshin Earthquake.

Measuring Economic Impacts of Disasters: Interregional Input-Output Analysis Using Sequential Interindustry Model

The damages and losses by disasters, such as earthquakes, floods, tornadoes, and other major natural disasters, or man-made disasters, have significant and intense impacts on a region’s economy. In addition, the impacts from the damages will spread over time, and will bring serious economic effects to other regions in a long run. Furthermore, the impacts of disasters are very complex, including not only the negative effects from damages and losses, but also the positive economic effects from the recovery and reconstruction activities. Most economic models and techniques cannot confront these significant changes in a relatively short time period, since they assume incremental, and/or predictable changes in systems over time. And, the unexpected nature of these events, especially in the case of earthquakes, creates a further complication of measuring the indirect impacts (Okuyama et al., 2002). At the same time, most available data for the direct damages and losses and of the recovery processes are engineering oriented, i. e., physical damages and disruption of lifelines and their repair and restoration, and the dimension and unit of these data are quite different from the economic counterpart—very detailed and short time span in engineering data while aggregated and longer time span in economic models. Consequently, these differences pose great challenges in order to model economic impacts of disasters.

Typology of structural change in a regional economy: a temporal inverse analysis

Abstract Earlier studies have investigated the hollowing-out phenomenon of the Chicago economy, in which the manufacturing sectors in Chicago have decreased their intermediate dependency within the region while the service sectors have increased their dependency. In this paper, a series of annual input–output tables for the Chicago metropolitan economy during the period of 1980–1997 was again employed for a further investigation of the structural change using an alternative tool, the temporal Leontief inverse analysis, that can assist in exploring trends and uncovering tendencies in individual sectors or groups of sectors within the context of an economy-wide system of accounts. The results are compared with the earlier studies for examining the nature and details of the hollowing-out phenomenon.

Creating and Expanding Trade Partnerships Within the Chicago Metropolitan Area: Applications Using a Miyazawa Accounting System

Consider the following scenario; a business news report highlights the discovery of a new country in which wage and salary income amounts to slightly less than

Vertical Specialization and Interregional Trade: Turbulence Analogy and Feedback Loops Analysis of the Midwest Economy

10 billion. This country has escaped notice by entrepreneurs since very little was known about it — including its location. In addition, the news report continues that a second country with purchasing power exceeding

The Role of Interregional Trade in Generating Change in the Regional Economies of Japan, 1980-1990

8 billion has been found close by. How could this be possible in an age of globalization, internet, and rapid diffusion of information? The cause for these countries being overlooked is due, in part, to lack of information about their location but the greater problem is due to casual dismissal of the size of their markets — based on little or no information.

Impact Estimation of Disasters: A Global Aggregate for 1960 to 2007

The renewed interest in international trade has drawn attention to the phenomenon of vertical specialization, the use of imported inputs for producing goods that are exported (Bruelhart, Hine 1999). The term vertical specialization was introduced by Balassa (1967); in a recent paper, Hummels et al. (1998) introduced and discussed the following definition of vertical specialization: “(1) a good must be produced in multiple sequential stages, (2) two or more countries must specialize in producing some, but not all, stages, and (3) at least one stage must cross an international border more then once. Thus, countries link sequentially to produce a final good.”