Yasutsugu Nitta

Index Decomposition Analysis on Carbon Dioxide Emissions of Passenger Cars in Japan

This paper mainly analyzes the change by the logarithmic mean Divisia index method on carbon dioxide emissions produced by passenger cars in Japan. Decomposition analysis is a method that analyzes the effects that lead to the change of the emission of carbon dioxide. Based on this method, the analysis of the emissions of passenger cars in recent years is done to explain the changes. It is found that the number of cars in advanced regions in Japan rises successfully every year and steadily affects the carbon dioxide emissions. Population is another effect that brought in great emissions at the time of high speed economic growth, yet the travel distance by passenger cars has decreased and has a negative effect on the emissions. Based on the results of this analysis, a corresponding strategy such as restricting the use of cars and promoting public transportation is proposed.

Research on physically handicapped person's ability and choice of social mobility support systems

This paper describes those people who feel difficulties in travel have a various kind of severity of impairment. Some people are able to use bus transportation, if some low floor buses are provided. However, other people need a Door-to-Door transportation service. In Japan, many local governments provide social mobility support systems (such as free bus pass, taxi tickets, and special transport service (STS) etc.) for the people who feel difficulties to travel. The right to use these systems is limited by their grades and type of impairment. However, it has not been examined if the existing criteria are suitable for all kinds of stakeholders. In this research, physically handicapped people who use those systems are classified into five groups according to their physical abilities. The authors examine whether the mobility support system chosen by each user is suitable for his particular physical abilities. The social mobility support systems in Amagasaki City, Hyogo Prefecture as a case study was taken up of this research. The system consists of free bus pass, taxi tickets, and STS. Using the Social Welfare Database, it’s examined whether the grade of impairment is related to the choice of the systems. However there’s no significant relation between the grade of impairment and the choice of the system. Then, the questionnaire survey is conducted with the people who use the systems. The questionnaire includes some. It has been examined whether these clusters are related to the chosen system and it’s been shown that these clusters and choice of the system mostly coincide, as the authors have presupposed. However, some people choose systems which don’t correspond to their cluster. In order to take systems more effectively, it is necessary to persuade people to choose bus pass, simultaneously to make a bus convenient.

Development of the methodology to judge the physically impaired people who need STS

In this paper, the minimum requirements of transportation system for the people with difficulties are considered. It is necessary to know how many people need STS. However, it would cause misunderstanding to merely ask “What transportation can you use?” So asking ADL is assumed to be the solution for this problem.“Can you bow?”“Can you hold the posture on a chair?”“Can you climb up a short lump?”“Do you use a supportive device in walking?” From the answers given for the four questions, it can be predicted whether or not a person need STS.

Evaluation of Low Floor Bus by Citizens of Elderly People and Disabled People, and Passengers

高齢者や障害者の社会参加 を促 し、安定 し活力あ る社会を構築 するため、高齢者 ・障害者が、健康 な 若い人 と同様 に容易にかつ気軽 に利用で きる交通 シ ステムの整備が課題 となっている。その新たな交通 システムの1つ に、ノンステ ップバスがあ り、近年、 全国各地で導入が進 んでい る。 ヨーロ ッパでは、1980年 代か らノンステップバス が導入されているが、 日本 では、1997年3月 より国 産化 され、東京や大阪な どで運行が開始 された。そ の後、全国各地で導入が相次 ぎ、1999年3月 現在、全 国で約440台 が導入 されている。今後 も、ノンステ ッ プバスの導入が進 むと予測 されるが、ヨーロッパか ら輸入 した技術 をどのように日本に適用するか模索 している段階である。そのため、車内のスペースの 使い方や、座席の配置、車両後部の段差 などといっ た様々な仕様 およびサービスについて利用者からみ た評価の必要性が指摘 されている。 ノンステップバスの導入が新 しい こともあ り、わ が国では、利用者サ イ ドか らみたノンステ ップバス の評価に関す る研究は極めて少 ない1)2)3)。そこで、 本研究では、ノンステ ップバスのサ ービス向上、新 しい需要 の創 出を目指 し、ノンステ ップバスの導入 が利用者の交通行動 にどの ような影響 を及ぼ したか、 また、現状 のノンステップバスをどのように評価 し ているのかを、アンケー ト調査 データをもとに利用 者サイ ドか ら探 ることにした。 2.ア ンケー ト調査の概要