Yaya Hasanah

Role of Elicitors Foliar Application in Increasing IsoflavoneContent of Two Soybean Cultivars

Background and Objective: Increased accumulation of isoflavones in soybeans can be done by inducing a soybean with biotic or abiotic elicitor which stimulates production of phytoalexin in soybean. The objective of the research was to determine the best elicitor for increasing isoflavone content in Anjasmoro and Wilis cultivar. Materials and Methods: The research design used in this study was a randomized block design factorial. The treatments are 3 factors and 3 replications. The first factor is soybean cultivars (Anjasmoro and Wilis). The second factor is foliar application of elicitors consisted of without elicitor; chitosan (1 mg mLG1), methyl jasmonate (0.5 mM) and salicylic acid (0.5 mM). The third factor is the time of foliar application of elicitors consisted of V4 (four trifoliate leaves are fully developed) and R3 (early podding). The parameters of observations are genistein, daidzein, glycitein and total isoflavones. The data were subjected to two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedures, the SAS version 12 computer program and comparison of means were tested for significance using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (p = 0.05). Results: The results suggested that in Wilis cultivar, the foliar application of chitosan elicitor at R3 is able to increase the content of genistein (25.10%), daidzein (42.76%), glycitein (76.50%) and total isoflavones (37.04%). Conclusion: The best treatment in increasing the content of genistein, daidzein, glycitein and total isoflavones in Wilis cultivar is foliar application of chitosan elicitor at R3.

Effect of Foliar Application of Chitosan and Salicylic Acid on the Growth of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Varieties

Elicitors such as chitosan and salicylic acid could be used not only to increase isoflavone concentration of soybean seeds, but also to increase the growth and seed yield. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of foliar application of elicitor compounds (i.e. chitosan, and salicylic acid)on the growth of two soybean varieties under dry land conditions. Experimental design was a randomized block design with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was soybean varieties (Wilis and Devon). The second factor was foliar application of elicitors consisted of without elicitor; chitosan at V4 (four trifoliate leaves are fully developed); chitosan at R3 (early podding); chitosan at V4 and R3; salicylic acid at V4; salicylic acid at R3 and salicylic acid at V4 and R3. Parameters observed was plant height at 2-7 week after planting (WAP), shoot dry weight and root dry weight. The results suggest that the Wilis variety had higher plant height 7 WAP than Devon. The foliar application of chitosan increased the plant height at 7 WAP, shoot dry weight and root dry weight. The foliar application of chitosan at V4 and R3 on Devon variety increased shoot dry weight.

Effet of Straw Compost and Phosphorus and Zinc Fetilizer on The Content of Phosphorus and Zinc in Paddy

The main problem on the wetland experiencing intensive phosphorus (P) fertilization was low nutrient availability of zinc (Zn), while Zn fertilization was rarely done. Organic fertilizer was known to be able to increase the availability of micronutrient. The study of the effect of straw compost in relation to Zn nutrient is still very limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the interaction of P and Zn fertilizers and straw compost on the content P and Zn in rice. This research was conducted in March to June 2016 in the greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatera. This study used a randomized block design factorial. The first factor was dosage of super phosphate (SP)-36 fertilizer consisted of 0, 150, 300, and 450 kg · ha−1. The second factor was ZnSO4 fertilizers consisted of (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100) kg · ha−1. The third factor was the straw compost consisted of (0 and 10) t · ha−1. The results showed that paddy soils with high P content were not affected by P and Zn fertilizer. Straw compost application in particular on the condition without P fertilizer increased the content of P and Zn in leaves. Zn Fertilization with dosage up to 100 kg · ha−1 and P fertilization up to 300 kg · ha−1 SP-36 did not affect the content of P in leaves but decrease levels of Zn in leaves. The dosage 450 kg · ha−1 of SP-36 and Zn fertilization increase the content of Zn in leaves.