Yerdos Ongarbayev

Thermocatalytic cracking of the natural bitumens of Kazakhstan

The heat treatment of the natural bitumens of Kazakhstan was carried out in the presence of a catalyst of power-generating ash microspheres and di-tert-butyl peroxide. Changes in the substantial and fractional compositions of cracking products depending on process conditions were established. Characteristic differences in the composition of liquid cracking products in the presence of the catalyst and the additive from the cracking products of the initial bitumen were found.

High temperature transformation of tar-asphaltene components of oil sand bitumen

Transformations of high-molecular-weight compounds of oil sand natural bitumen under the heat treatment are studied. For that purpose natural bitumen isolated from oil sand taken from the Beke field (Kazakhstan) was used as a substrate. Thermal processing of natural bitumen leads to a general change in the chemical composition of components and an increase in the output of certain factions. The contents of oil, tar and asphaltenes were determined and the elemental composition of tar-asphaltene compounds was evaluated. Molecular structures of the tar and asphaltene components of natural bitumen before and after cracking have been defined from the data of elemental analysis, NMR spectroscopy and molecular weight. The high molecular compounds were presented as giant molecules containing small aromatic islands with some linked by aliphatic chains, which proved by infrared spectroscopy.

Scanning Electron Microscopic Studies of Carbonized Rice Husk and Apricot Stone

The microstructures of carbonized rice husk (CRH) and apricot stone (CAS) were studied to understand its adsorption of crude petroleum from water. Carbonize temperature affects the pore development of CRH, resulting in elongated large pores, as evident from the SEM data. The sorption capacities of CRH and CAS were compared in relation to different petroleum products. It was evaluated their possible practical use for water clean up from petroleum spills.

Study of Composition and Properties of Oil Pollution

The composition and physico-chemical characteristics of oil pollution are studied to develop an effective technology of recycling. The content of an organic phase varies from 5 up to 95 mass% and its content depends on the initial spilled oil. However, the content of high-molecular compounds in composition of an organic phase increases due to the effect of atmospheric factors. Study of oil pollution composition and properties will enable to reduce the existing accumulations of oil wastes and their harmful influence on the environment.

Efficiency of Agricultural Wastes for the Removal of Gasoline from Water

In this work, we report polyurethane foam, sunflower husk and rice husk ash prepared via a thermal treatment process used as oil sorbents for oil spill cleanup. The oil sorbent was studied on the basis of microstructure and morphology using optical digital microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of the SEM and optical microscopy studies strongly indicate that thermal treatment is a suitable method to improve structure of husk particles regarding porosity compared to virgin samples. The dependence of the sorption capacity of the sorbents on the amount of sorbent, sorption time and the thickness of the oil film, as well as the number of cycles of the sorbents were investigated.

Catalytic Hydrogenation of Oil Sand’s Natural Bitumen

In the paper catalytic hydrogenation of natural bitumen (NB) of Kazakhstan oil sands were investigated. The process provided under 350 bar of H2 pressure and a temperature of 430 °C. At the experiment activated carbon supported catalyst was used. It has 699.807 m2/g of surface area and 0.0635 nm of medium pore size. In the processes the yield of hydrogenated natural bitumen was 91%, including 1st fraction is 13.12 wt.%; yield of 2nd fraction increased, that the temperature range from 216 to 316 °С formed in amount of 45.68 wt.%; vacuum residue of the distillation takes the 41.20 wt.% in natural bitumen.

Rice Husk Ash for Oil Spill Cleanup

In this work, we report rice husk ash prepared via a thermal treatment process used as oil sorbents for oil spill cleanup. The oil sorbent with highly porous structures shows a crude oil sorption capacity of 15 g/g. The rice husk ash was studied on the basis of phase composition, microstructure and morphology using X-ray diffraction analysis, FTIR spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results of the SEM studies strongly indicate that thermal treatment is a suitable method to improve structure of husk particles regarding porosity compared to virgin samples.