Yihong Hu

Optimization of Alkaline Extraction and Bioactivities of Polysaccharides from Rhizome of Polygonatum odoratum

The present study is to explore the optimal extraction parameters, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial activity of alkaline soluble polysaccharides from rhizome of Polygonatum odoratum. The optimal extraction parameters were determined as the following: NaOH concentration (A) 0.3 M, temperature (B) 80°C, ratio of NaOH to solid (C) 10-fold, and extraction time (D) 4 h, in which ratio of NaOH to solid was a key factor. The order of the factors was ratio of NaOH to solid (fold, C) > extraction temperature (°C, B) > NaOH concentration (M, A) > extraction time (h, D). The monosaccharide compositions of polysaccharides from P. odoratum were rhamnose, mannose, xylose, and arabinose with the molecular ratio of 31.78, 31.89, 11.11, and 1.00, respectively. The reducing power, the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging rate, the hydroxyl radicals scavenging rate, and the inhibition rate to polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) peroxidation of the alkaline soluble polysaccharides from P. odoratum at 1 mg/mL were 9.81%, 52.84%, 19.22%, and 19.42% of ascorbic acid at the same concentration, respectively. They also showed antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli.

Purification and characterization of a soluble glycoprotein from garlic (Allium sativum) and its in vitro bioactivity

ABSTRACT A soluble glycoprotein was purified to homogeneity from ripe garlic (Allium sativum) bulbs using ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephadex G-100 gel filtration, and diethylaminoethyl-52 cellulose anion-exchange chromatography. A native mass of 55.7 kDa estimated on gel permeation chromatography and a molecular weight of 13.2 kDa observed on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis supported that the glycoprotein is a homotetramer. β-Elimination reaction result suggested that the glycoprotein is an N-linked type. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy proved that it contains sugar. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometer analysis showed that its sugar component was galactose. The glycoprotein has 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil free radical scavenging activity and the peroxidation inhibition ability to polyunsaturated fatty acid. These results indicated that the glycoprotein has potential for food additives, functional foods, and even biotechnological and medical applications.

Research on the Mode of Cooperative Cultivation of Professional Degree Master in Agriculture by Schools, Enterprises and Local Government and Its Practice Taking Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology as an Example

In order to implement the strategy of transforming the core of national postgraduate education from the cultivation of academic talents into cultivation of both academic and applied talents, it is necessary to reform personnel training programs and innovate personnel training models. Taking the cultivation of professional degree master in agriculture in Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology as an example, based on the needs of enterprises in the modern agriculture industry, this paper proposes the new mode of universities, enterprises, industries, and local governments jointly cultivating high-level applied professionals in the agricultural field, including the establishment of training goals, the formulation and optimization of training programs, the establishment of joint training bases, and the construction of quality monitoring systems inside and outside campus. Practice has shown that: postgraduate students in agriculture through jointly trained by multiple units can well combine the education and teaching, scientific research and agricultural production, which has significantly improved the application and practical ability of theoretical knowledge of postgraduate

Applications of Virtual Reality Technology on Cultivation of Undergraduates in Agronomy Specialty

The cultivations of experimental and practical abilities are the most important aspects during the education of undergraduate students in the agronomy specialty. But some experiments and off-campus practical trainings are restricted by the real conditions, and actually the undergraduate students cannot be trained well. In recent years, the virtual reality (VR) technology has been gradually more and more widely used in the experiment teaching and practical training in high education. In this paper, we introduced the advantages of the VR technology in the experiment teaching and practical training in the agronomy specialty, and introduced the experiences we gained during our teaching by using the VR technology. These experiences will be helpful references for the other teaching institutions. Keywords—virtual reality; agronomy specialty; experiment teaching; practical training

Investigation and Thinking on Education of Left-behind Children in Remote Towns: an Example from Junior Section of Shangmei Middle School in Xinhua County

The left-behind children education problem in remote towns is more complicated than that in the rural area. These children are confronted with problems including the physical and mental development and the formation of morality mainly owing to the serious family education deficiency. In this paper, we took the Junior Section of Shangmei Middle School in Xinhua County as an example, analyzed the problems occurred during the education of these left-behind children in towns, and put forward some suggestions. These problems will be solved if all walks of the society pay more attention, and the families, schools, and the other social members work together to create a good educational environment for the education and health of these children.

Improvement of Core Course Experiments in Biological Specialty in Newly-upgraded Local Universities

The core courses for biological specialty play a key role in talents cultivation in universities, and the teaching effects of core course experiments are closely associated with the quality of talents cultivation. In this paper, the actual conditions of experiment teaching and arrangement of the core courses for biological specialty in the newly-upgraded local universities were analyzed, and some of the valuable experience was introduced to the local universities such as Anhui Science and Technology University, Hunan University of Art and Sciences, and Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology to overcome these obstacles. The main measures include setting up reasonable core courses as well as core course experiments, properly integrating core course experiments, improving the levels of experimental teaching staffs, and making better use of the practical training platforms thus to provide valuable references for universities of the same kind. Keywords—Biological specialty; Newly-upgraded local universities; Core course experiments; Talents cultivation

Responses of Polygonatum odoratum seedlings in aeroponic culture to treatments of different ammonium: nitrate ratios

ABSTRACT The objective was to determine the most favorable nitrogen (N) source ratio of ammonium (NH4+) to nitrate (NO3−) for aeroponic culture of Chinese fragrant solomonseal Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce seedlings. Seedlings were cultured with solutions based on 50% Hoagland formula containing 0:100, 10:90, 20:80, and 30:70 NH4+:NO3− ratios for 21 days. Activities of anti-oxidant enzymes and glutathione contents of leaves with treatments of 10:90 and 20:80 NH4+:NO3− ratios were higher than that of all-nitrate treatment, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were lower than that of all-nitrate treatment. The maximum quantum yield ϕPo value was normal among all of the treatments, whereas the absorption energy ABS/CSm value with 20:80 NH4+:NO3− treatment was highest and the heat dissipation DIo/CSm value with 20:80 NH4+:NO3− treatment was lowest among all of the treatments. These results supported that moderate proportion of 20% NH4+ in the solution provided optimal growth condition for (P) P. odoratum aeroponic culture.