Yofentina Iriani

The influences of mole composition of strontium (x) on properties of barium strontium titanate (Ba1−xSrxTiO3) prepared by solid state reaction method

Barium Strontium Titanate (Ba1-xSrxTiO3) or BST was prepared by solid state reaction method. Raw materials are BaCO3, SrCO3, and TiO2. Those materials are mixed for 8 h, pressed, and sintered at temperature 1200°C for 2 h. Mole composition of Sr (x) was varied to study its influences on structural, morphological, and electrical properties of BST. Variation of (x) are x = 0; x = 0.1; and x = 0.5. XRD patterns showed a single phase of BST, which mean that mixture of raw materials was homogenous. Crystal structure was influenced by x. BaTiO3 and Ba0.9Ti0.1TiO3 have tetragonal crystal structure, while Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 is cubic. The diffraction angle shifted to right side (angle larger) as the increases of x. Crystalline size of BaTiO3, Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3, and Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 are 38.13 nm; 38.62 nm; and 37.13 nm, respectively. SEM images showed that there are still of pores which were influenced by x. Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 has densest surface (pores are few and small in size). Sawyer Tower circuit showed that BaTiO3 and Ba0...

Pengaruh Waktu terhadap Efisiensi Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC)

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh waktu terhadap effisiensi Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). Jarak elektroda divariasi sebesar 76 µm dan 114 µm. Karakterisasi sifat listrik menggunakan Keithley I-V meter yang dilakukan selama 21 hari dengan selang 7 hari untuk mengetahui kestabilannya. Karakterisasi I-V dengan selang waktu pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa DSSC dengan jarak elektroda 76 µm stabil hingga hari ke-7 dengan efisiensi 0,0347%. Pada jarak 114 µm stabil hingga hari ke-14 dengan efisiensi 0,0117%.

Simple fabricating PCB-based inter digital capacitor for glucose biosensor

This paper presents the simple fabrication of interdigital capacitor (IDC) using print circuit board (PCB) for glucose biosensor. PCB type FR04 laminated with Cu as electrode was used as sensor base. The IDC pattern of sensor was designed by computer aided design program and printed with a laser printer on plastic polymers. Then, the IDC pattern was transferred into PCB by a laminating machine. The etching process of PCB was done by immersing in ferric chloride liquid to form Cu pattern. There were five patterns of sensors including 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 patterns. The capacitance value of PCB was measured with RCL meter when IDC biosensor was put in air, aquades, and glucose liquid with various moles of glucose (0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1M). In air medium, the increase of pattern number of IDC sensor (from 5 to 25) caused the sensor capacitance rose from 22 pf to 46 pf. In addition, the capacitance of sensor was dramatically increased until 0.36 µf while IDC sensor with 25 patterns was put in aquades medium. In liquid glucose medium, the capacitance of IDC biosensor with 25 patterns increased until 0.58 µf on 0.1 M glucose liquid.This paper presents the simple fabrication of interdigital capacitor (IDC) using print circuit board (PCB) for glucose biosensor. PCB type FR04 laminated with Cu as electrode was used as sensor base. The IDC pattern of sensor was designed by computer aided design program and printed with a laser printer on plastic polymers. Then, the IDC pattern was transferred into PCB by a laminating machine. The etching process of PCB was done by immersing in ferric chloride liquid to form Cu pattern. There were five patterns of sensors including 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 patterns. The capacitance value of PCB was measured with RCL meter when IDC biosensor was put in air, aquades, and glucose liquid with various moles of glucose (0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1M). In air medium, the increase of pattern number of IDC sensor (from 5 to 25) caused the sensor capacitance rose from 22 pf to 46 pf. In addition, the capacitance of sensor was dramatically increased until 0.36 µf while IDC sensor with 25 patterns was put in aquades medi...

Pengaruh Doping Zirkonium (Zr) pada Konstanta Dielektrik dan Struktur Kristal BaZrxTi1−xO3

Barium zirkonium titanat (BaZrxTi1−xO3) dengan variasi mol dopan zirkonium (x) sebanyak 0,01 mol; 0,02 mol; dan 0,03 mol telah disintesis menggunakan metode reaksi fasa padat. Sampel disintering pada temperatur 1100C dengan waktu tahan selama 2 jam. Sampel dikarakterisasi menggunakan instrumen XRD dan RLC meter untuk mengetahui pengaruh doping terhadap struktur kristal dan konstanta dielektrik BaZrxTi1−xO3. Hasil analisis XRD menunjukkan bahwa BaZrxTi1−xO3 memiliki struktur kristal tetragonal dengan a = b 6= c. Ukuran kristal BaZrxTi1−xO3 pada x = 0,01; x = 0,02; dan x = 0,03 masing-masing adalah 34 nm, 33 nm, dan 38 nm. Pengukuran RCL meter diperoleh konstanta dielektrik sebesar 331, 522, dan 641.

Properties of strontium doped barium titanate powder prepared by solid state reaction

Strontium doping material has been successfully doped to produce Barium Strontium Titanate (Ba1-xSrxTiO3) with variation in the percentage of moles of strontium 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% that processed by the solid state reaction method. Firstly, Ingredients (Barium carbonate, strontium carbonate and titanium oxide) have been mixed, milled during 6 hours to form solid powders. Then, sample pellets were pressed by mold machine which have been sintered in a furnace at 1100 °C during 2 hours. The properties of sample were observed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) for analyzing crystalline structure, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for showing morphological properties, RCL meter for dielectric constant. The XRD results indicated that the diffraction pattern is Ba1-xSrxTiO3 (BST) pattern. In addition, the results of General Structure Analysis System (GSAS) refinement with the Rietveld method showed that strontium doping has entered into Barium Titanate (BaTiO3). Increasing the number of moles of strontium has changed the lattice parameter and tertagonality of crystal BST. It affected the grain size and dielectric constant of BST too.

Influences mass concentration of P3HT and PCBM to application of organic solar cells

Poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6, 6] -phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) are used for the organic solar cell applications. P3HT and PCBM act as donors and acceptors, respectively. In this study the efficiency of the P3HT: PCBM organic solar cells as function of the mass concentration of the blend P3HT: PCBM with 1, 2, 8, 16 mg/ml. Deposition P3HT:PCBM film using spin coating with a rotary speed of 2500 rpm for 10 seconds. Optical properties of absorption spectra characteristic using a UV-Visible Spectrometer Lambda 25 and electrical properties of I-V characteristic using Keithley 2602 instrument. The results of absoption spectra for P3HT:PCBM within different mass concentration obtained 500-600 nm wavelengths. The Energy-gap obtained about 1.9eV. The organic solar cells device performance were investigated using I-V cahractyeristic. For mass concentration of 1, 2, 8 and 16 mg/ml P3HT:PCBM were obtained 0.5×10-3%, 2.2×10-3%, 5.9×10-3%, and 6.1×10-3% efficiency of organics solar cells respectively.

The effects of sintering temperature on dielectric constant of Barium Titanate (BaTiO3)

Barium Titanate (BT) has been synthesized using solid-state reaction method. Raw materials are Barium Carbonate (BaCO3) and Titanium Dioxide (TiO2). These materials are mixed for 6 h and sintered at a temperature of 1000oC, 1100oC, and 1200oC for 2 h. The sintering temperature was varied to investigate its effects on microstructure and dielectric constant of BT. The XRD patterns showed that BT becomes homogenous, with the large lattice parameter as the increase of sintering temperature. The crystal structure of BT is tetragonal. The crystalline size and crystallinity of BT at a sintering temperature of 1000oC are 37 nm and 97%. Those values for BT at a sintering temperature of 1100oC are 38 nm and 96%. At a sintering temperature of 1200oC, the values are 41 nm and 97%. The dielectric constant of BT at a sintering temperature of 1000oC, 1100oC, and 1200oC are 148, 163, and 185, respectively. It can be concluded that sintering temperature affects microstructure and dielectric constant of BT. High sintering temperature produces a high dielectric constant of BT. It indicates that crystalline size increases.

Influence of Mixing Time to Crystal Structure and Dielectric Constant of Ba0,9Sr0,1TiO3

Barium Strontium Titanate (Ba 1-x Sr x TiO 3 ) or BST has been synthesized using solid state reaction method. Raw materials of BST were BaCO 3 , SrCO 3 , and TiO 2 . Those materials were mixed, pressed, and sintered at temperature 1200 o C for 2 h. Mixing time of raw materials was varied to identify its effects on crystal structures and dielectrics constant of Ba 0.9 Sr 0.1 TiO 3 using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and LCR meter instrument, respectively. The results of XRD showed that crystals structure of Ba 0.9 Sr 0.1 TiO 3 is tetragonal. Lattice parameter of Ba 0.9 Sr 0.1 TiO 3 for 6 h of mixing time is a = b = 3.988 A and c = 3.998 A. Lattice parameter of Ba 0.9 Sr 0.1 TiO 3 for 8 h of mixing time is a = b = 3.976 A and c = 4.000 A. Crystalline size of Ba 0.9 Sr 0.1 TiO 3 was calculated using Scherrer equation. Crystalline size, crystallinity, and dielectric constant of Ba 0.9 Sr 0.1 TiO 3 for 6 h of mixing time is 38 nm, 96%, and 115 at frequency 1 KHz, respectively while their value for 8 h of mixing time is 39 nm, 96%, and 196 at frequency 1 KHz, respectively. Thus it can be concluded that mixing time affects the lattice parameters of Ba 0.9 Sr 0.1 TiO 3 crystal. The longer mixing time causes crystalline size, crystallinity, and dielectrics constant increase.

Fabrication and Characterization of Ferroelectric Thin Film BaxSr1-xTiO3 for Application in Light Intensity Detector

Ferroelectric thin film devices have been demonstrated using BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BST) as a light intensity detector. Various compositions of BST (x=0.7, 0.8 and 0.9) were prepared using Chemical Solution Deposition method. Solution of barium acetate, strontium acetate, titanium (IV) iso-propoxide in a mixture of acetic acid and ethylene glycol was spin-coated onto a silicon substrate. The BST film was annealed at 800°C. The microstructure and the crystalline characterization of BST were studied using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern with General Structure Analysis System (GSAS) refinement. The film thickness was measured using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The response of BST film to source of light intensity was investigated with IRC meter and resonator coupling. The results show that the resistance of a thin BST film decrease as the intensity of light increase. On resonator coupling, VOUT shows a slight increases as the intensity of light increases.

Deposition of BaZr0.10Ti0.90O3 Thin Films Doped Strontium by Sol Gel Method

Depositions of BaZr0.10Ti0.90O3 and BaZr0.10Ti0.90O3 thin films doped with strontium (Sr) have been growth on Pt/Si substrate using the sol gel method prepared with spin coater. Mole percent of Sr is varied to 1%, 3% and 5%, repectively. The characterization of its micro structure showed that the diffraction angle is shifted to the right if the mole percent of the Sr doped is increased. We found that the particle size of BZT with Sr dopant is bigger than BZT without dopant Sr as shown in the morphological characterization result. The thickness of BaZr0.10Ti0.90O3 and BaZr0.10Ti0.90O3 thin films doped with Sr are about 400 nm. The obtained hysteresis curves of BaZr0.10Ti0.90O3 and BaZr0.10Ti0.90O3 thin films shown that the saturation values are similar to each other, however the remnant polarization and coercive field geting smaller along with the increasing of mole percent of Sr dopant.