Yoshikuni Miura

Comparison of dose-response curves between acid and pepsin to betazole hydrochloride in the dog with gastric fistula

SummarySecretory responses to subcutaneously or intravenously administered betazole hydrochloride of graded doses were compared between acid and pepsin in the dog with gastric fistula. Although the dose related increments in acid and pepsin outputs were parallel in the range of lower doses than 2.0 to 3.0 mg/kg body weight of betazole hydrochloride, higher doses caused in decrease in pepsin output, but did not in acid output. It was pointed out that the dose of betazole hydrochloride that stimulates acid secretion maximally dose not correspond to the maximal stimulation for pepsin secretion in the dog.

Difference in secretory response of the stomach to various gastric secretory depressants between gastric and duodenal ulcer

SummaryIn order to know the mechanisms responsible for producing the difference in basal secretion between gastric and duodenal ulcer, secretory response of the stomach to gastric secretory depressants of differenent acting mechanisms was compared. The intravenous administration of an anticholinergic agent “glycopyrrolate” reduced both basal acid and pepsin output more profoundly in duodenal ulcer than gastric ulcer, while intravenous administration of secretin yielded the opposite results in acid secretion in contrast to the indifinite tendency observed in pepsin secretion. In this connection secretin was shown to depress the gastrin-mediated acid secretion of the stomach. It was concluded that the elevated basal secretion in duodenal ulcer is caused under the more intensive vagal influence than gastric ulcer, and basal acid secretion in gastric ulcer is relatively under the intensive influence of gastrin-mediated humoral secretory mechanism in comparison with duodenal ulcer. Key words : peptic ulcer, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gsatric secretion, acid, pepsin, gastrin, gastric secretory depressant, anticholinergic agent, glycopyrrolate, secretory cell mass, neural secretory mechanism, humoral secretory mechanism, secretin.

Measurement of plasma gastrin level by radioimmunoassay in various clinical entities

The plasma gastrin concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay of two antibody method in various clinical entities. Although the increase in age tended to elevate the fasting plasma gastrin level in general in cases without any localized organic diseases of the stomach, no difference was found among each decades in selected cases of endoseopically normal gastric mucosa and each remained as high as 163.70• Accordingly the age-effect of the fasting plasma gastrin level was regarded to reflect the difference of the incidence and the degree of atrophic gastritis in each decade. High degree of atrophic mncosal changes in advanced gastric cancer was also found to effect the fasting plasma gastrin level significantly. No essential difference was found concerning both the fasting and postprandial plasma gastrin level among eases of endoscopically normal gastric mucosa, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. Besides the stomach, diseases of the kidney and liver especially the former were found to elevate the fasting plasma gastrin level.

Multiplicity of gastric proteases and its clinical significance

Bioptic specimens of gastric mucosa and 24 hours urine specimens collected from cases of histologically normal gastric mucosa or various gastric diseases were studied for multiple existence of acid proteases by means of agar gel electrophoresis. In cases of histologically normal gastric mucosa, mucosa obtained from fundie gland area, was proved to contain eight proteases, PI to PVII and slow mo,Ang protease (SMP), while in pyloric gland area three proteases, PVI, PVII and SMP, were found. In urine, however, four to three proteases, PII to PV, were demonstrated. These findings indicate that two groups of gastric proteases are elaborated in gastric mucosa characterized by the different distribution on gastric mucosa and the different attitude to renal excretion. Namely PI to PV were produced in fundic glandular area probably in chief ceils and excreted into urine, while PVI, PVII and SMP are elaborated in whole gastric mucosa probably in mucous neck cells and do not appear in urine. In a case of pernicious anemia only SMP was demonstrated in all mucosal specimens without any connection to the site of biopsy. In cases of early cancer of ulcerative type, mucosal specimen obtained at the edge of lesion does not show any proteolytic activity, while the full spectrum of proteases was found at the distant site from the lesion. The same findings were found in mucosal specimens around peptic ulcer.