Yoshimasa Isayama

Retinoblastoma in a 26-year-old Adult

Retinoblastoma in a 26-year-old woman is reported clinicopathologically, and the difficulties in this clinical diagnosis are presented. Clinical and morphologic findings of this case suggest that rare embryonal retinal cells can persist and be subject to late malignant transformation.

Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy

The blood supply of the posterior optic nerve was investigated in 10 monkeys after an injection of synthetic resin into the carotid arteries. The posterior intraorbital and intracanalicular optic nerves were supplied by a centripetal vascular system, formed by the pial vessels arising from the first branches of the ophthalmic artery. Superior and inferior vascular semicircles were detected in the intracanalicular optic nerve. The intracranial optic nerve was supplied by branches of the internal carotid artery, anterior cerebral artery and/or anterior communicating artery, and ophthalmic artery.

Leukemic optic neuropathy.

7 cases of leukemic ophthalmopathy were clinicopathologically studies. The present findings were as follows: (1) ocular manifestations were exactly parallel with the involvement of the central nervous system, (2) visual disturbance seemed to be caused mainly by neoplastic infiltration into the parenchyma of the optic nerve, compression of nerve fibers due to neoplastic invasion in the septal tissues, and vascular disturbance, and (3) the mechanism of papilledema or disc swelling might be chiefly attributed to neoplastic infiltration into the optic nerve and/or the central nervous system.

Comparison of Spatial Contrast Sensitivity with Visual Field in Optic Neuropathy and Glaucoma

The contrast sensitivity functions (CSFs) were disturbed in recovered optic neuropathy and early glaucoma cases with the visual acuity of more than 1.0 in the conventional acuity tests, and gradually decreased as the atrophic states of the maculopapillar bundles developed ophthalmoscopically. The statistical analysis revealed that the static visual fields were also disturbed when the CSFs were decreased in these cases. Both of the CSFs and the static field were useful for the detection of abnormal central vision.

The Reversibility of Visual Field Defects in the Juvenile Glaucoma Cases

In the early stage of juvenile glaucoma cases, we followed up the changes of the spot-like scotomas in the Bjerrum area with newly developed our Quantitative Maculometry with direct fundus examination and the other perimetries. In the present study, we analysed the relationship between the appearance of scotomas and the defects of the arcuate nerve fiber bundles which were photographed through red-free filters, in other words, we marked the scotomas on the fundus photographs and determined their accurate position in the fundus. In some cases with no nerve fiber bundle defects, the scotomas diminished or disappeared after the intraocular pressure was controlled. However, if the nerve fiber bundle defects had already appeared, the scotomas did not diminish under the control of the ocular pressure. In the cases of the juvenile glaucoma, the scotomas without nerve fiber bundle defects were considered that they have the possibility of a transient loss of the nerve fiber function.

Rhabdomyosarcoma presenting as Garcin's syndrome

Abstract A case of rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck demonstrating signs and symptoms of Garcins syndrome is presented. Ocular findings are discussed clinicopathologically.

Ocular findings of suprasellar germinoma: Long-term follow-up after radiotherapy

Clinicopathological features of 12 cases with suprasellar germinoma during the past 71/2 years have been evaluated. The visual disturbance progressed insidiously in eight cases and relatively rapidly in three. Visual fields revealed characteristically asymmetric temporal hemianopia in most cases and sometimes atypical defects.Pathological findings elucidated that visual disturbances would be caused mainly by tumor cell infiltration into the optic pathway. Radiotherapy was effective and there was no recurrence of the visual functions after irradiation in six cases who have been followed up for a period ranging from two years to 71/2 years.

Visual Fields Versus Visual Evoked Potentials in Optic Nerve Disorders

Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and static central visual fields were examined in 55 patients with optic neuropathies. There were no significant correlations between the VEP peak latencies and Tubinger static central fields. In 7 clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who had a documented episode of optic neuritis, the VEPs showed remarkable prolongation of the latency in spite of good results in psychophysical tests such as visual acuity and static fields. Normal VEPs were obtained from 2 patients with MS, who had no involvements of visual pathways. Therefore MS should be suspected when patients with recovered optic neuropathies have delayed VEPs despite of normal psychophysical tests. Both VEPs and visual fields are necessary for assessing functional losses and predicting the prognosis in optic neuropathies.

A case of dural arteriovenous malformation with papilledema

A case of dural arteriovenous malformation in the posterior fossa with bilateral papilledema was followed-up for a period of three years. The course of the visual field changes due to the papilledema was shown. The importance of angiographic studies is emphasized for the diagnosis of dural arteriovenous malformations.

Optic Disc Changes with the Progression of Glaucomatous Visual Field Damage

It is not clearly defined yet whether the early glaucomatous visual field damage originates in vasogenic or mechanical changes at the optic disc.