Yoshimasa Michigami

Simultaneous determination of cyanide and thiocyanate in blood by ion chromatography with fluorescence and ultraviolet detection

An ion chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of cyanide and thiocyanate in blood has been developed. After extraction by adding water and methanol to blood, cyanide was derivatized with 2,3-naphthalenedialdehyde and taurine to give a fluorescent product of 1-cyanobenz[f]isoindole. This compound was detected with high sensitivity by fluorometry and the underivatized thiocyanate was detected by ultraviolet absorption. The detection limits were 3.8 pmol ml(-1) for cyanide and 86 pmol ml(-1) for thiocyanate, and the recoveries from blood were ca. 83% and ca. 100%, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of both anions in blood from smokers, non-smokers and fire victims.

Determination of urinary fluoride by ion chromatography

Abstract An ion chromatography method was developed for the determination of trace amounts of free urinary fluoride, using an ODS column dynamically coated with cetyldimethyl-n-butylammonium bromide. The many inorganic and organic anions commonly found in urine had little effect on the determination of fluoride.

Determination of thiocyanate in human saliva and urine by ion chromatography

A simple ion-chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of trace amounts of thiocyanate in human saliva and urine. Thiocyanate separation and detection were carried out on an ODS column coated with cetyldimethylamine and by an ultraviolet detector, respectively. Citrate solution (1 mmol l-1) was used as the mobile phase. Thiocyanate was clearly separated from many organic and inorganic anions found in saliva and urine samples. The analytical results obtained by the proposed method agreed with those of the Fe(3+)-thiocyanate spectrophotometric method. Thiocyanate concentrations in the saliva and urine of smokers were found to be significantly higher than those of non-smokers.

Determination of nitrite, sulphate, bromide and nitrate in human serum by ion chromatography

An ion chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of trace amounts of nitrite, sulphate, bromide and nitrate in human serum, using an ODS column dynamically coated with cetylpyridinium chloride. The anions studied were eluted with 1 mM citrate - 2.5% methanol (pH 6.5) as the mobile phase and detected by an ultraviolet detector. The interfering proteins in human serum were removed by an initial filtration through an ultrafilter-paper. The many inorganic and organic anions commonly found in serum had little effect on the determination of the four anions. Recoveries of nitrite, sulphate, bromide and nitrate in serum were 107-110, 94-106, 106-110 and 92-100%, respectively. The proposed method was also applied to human saliva and urine.

Determination of sulphite and sulphate by ion chromatography using a weakly basic phthalate eluent

Abstract A simple ion chromatographic method was developed for the determination of sulphite and sulphate using an ODS column dynamically coated with cethylpyridinium bromide and 0.5 mmol 1−1 phthalate–0.01% triethanolamine–5% methanol at pH 8.5 as eluent. Many inorganic and organic anions had little effect on the determination. The analytical results for sulphite in wine obtained by the proposed method agreed with those obtained by the iodimetric method.

Determination of thiocyanate in human serum by ion chromatography

A simple ion chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of trace amounts of thiocyanate in human serum. Thiocyanate was detected by an ultraviolet detector and 4 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2 mM potassium hydrogen phosphate were used as the mobile phase. The protein in serum was removed by precipitation with acetonitrile followed by centrifugation. Thiocyanate was clearly separated from chloride, the main anion in serum, and from many organic and inorganic anions. It was found that the serum thiocyanate concentration of smokers was about seven times higher than that of non-smokers.

Sulphite stabilizer in ion chromatography

The stability of sulphite in various stabilizers has been studied in ion chromatography. Sulphate-formaldehyde was the most stable system towards air oxidation. However, its retention was very weak in weak acidic eluent. Sulphite-methanol was also stable for at least 48 h towards air oxidation in the absence of metals such as iron.

Effect of functional groups on the retention behaviour of anions in ion chromatography using a coated silica column

The effect of functional groups on the retention behaviour of some anions was investigated in ion chromatography using ODS columns coated with several quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salts that have various free alkyl groups on the nitrogen and phosphorus atoms. The retention behaviour of strongly retained monovalent anions, such as nitrate and bromide, was greatly affected by the alkyl groups. However, those of divalent and weakly retained monovalent anions were little affected. The retention of anions on the quaternary phosphorus atom were stronger than those on the quaternary nitrogen atom.

Behaviour of the system peak in ion chromatography with indirect ultraviolet absorption detection and trimellitate as eluent

The behaviour of the system peak has been studied using an ion chromatographic system equipped with an ultraviolet detector and an ODS column coated with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and trimellitate (pH 4.0). The intensity of the system peak depended on the pH of the sample injected and also on the injected anion concentration, especially for the injection of an acidic anion of high concentration.

A Longitudinal Study of Association between Heavy Metals and Itchy Eyes, Coughing in Chronic Cough Patients: Related with Non-Immunoglobulin E Mediated Mechanism

The association between heavy metals exposure and respiratory diseases or allergic sensitization showing high serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) has been suggested. However, previous findings have been inconsistent and the mechanisms responsible remain unclear. We evaluated heavy metal exposure and its association with coughing, itchy eyes in chronic cough patients with different IgE levels. Ninety outpatients in Kanazawa University Hospital were recruited between January–June 2011. Subjects whose total IgE measured by radioimmunosorbent test were asked to record their daily symptoms. We collected daily total suspended particles (TSP) from which concentrations of calcium (Ca), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) were determined then divided into high and low level groups. Generalized estimating equations were applied to compute the relationship between concentrations of these metals and symptoms. All metals at high levels were significantly associated with itchy eyes compared with low levels, with exception of Ca, the six others were significant in patients with IgE < 250 IU/mL. Cd, Fe, Mn had association with coughing (odds ratio-OR (95% confidence interval-CI): 1.13 (1.03, 1.24), 1.22 (1.05, 1.42), and 1.13 (1.01, 1.27), respectively), this relationship remained significant for Cd (OR (95% CI): 1.14 (1.03, 1.27)) and Mn (OR (95% CI): 1.15 (1.00, 1.31)) in patients with lower IgE. Our findings demonstrate the relationship between aerial heavy metals and itchy eyes, coughing in chronic cough patients, suggesting these symptoms may be due to a non-IgE mediated mechanism.