Yoshiyori Urano

COSEN: A Chain Oriented Sensor Network for Efficient Data Collection

Periodical information collection from unreachable remote terrain and then transmit information to a remote base station is one of the targeted applications of sensor networks. But the energy restriction of battery operated sensor nodes certainly makes this task difficult and complicated because once deployed in the target field, it is not feasible to change the battery periodically. Therefore, in order to keep the networks operating for long time, efficient utilization of energy is considered with highest priority. In this paper, we propose COSEN - a chain oriented sensor network for collecting information efficiently. COSEN is efficient in the ways that it ensures maximal utilization of network energy, it makes the lifetime of the network longer, as well as it takes much lower time to complete a round. Simulation results show that COSEN demonstrates around 20% better performance than that of PEGASIS in respect of number of rounds before the first sensor dies. It also saves about 260% time on average in comparison to PEGASIS. Comparative analysis and simulation show that COSEN noticeably gives a good compromise between energy efficiency and latency

GSEN: An Efficient Energy Consumption Routing Scheme for Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor networking, an emerging new field in technology, now opens a variety of application scenarios including remote surveillance, military or home security, disaster warning and so on. Energy efficiency of the network is considered with utmost priority in order to lengthen the lifespan of the network. Here we propose a two layer hierarchical routing protocol called Group-based SEnsor Network (GSEN), which ensures the minimum energy dissipation in the network while introducing only reasonable amount of delay in data delivery. Simulation results show that GSEN performs better than other hierarchical routing protocols such as Low- Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) and Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information System (PEGASIS). In addition, GSEN is completely self-configurable and robust to any changes in network topology.

A Novel WYSIWYG Approach for Generating Cross-Browser Web Data

Layout engine combines markup language (Html, etc) with formatting information (CSS, etc), and displays the combined contents on the screen. It is commonly used for many existing web development applications and web browsers. Especially, Web Development Applications use Layout Engine to confirm impact on the layout of web editing results to achieve What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG). At present, different layout engines are adopted by various web development applications and web browsers. As there is not a uniform algorithm adopted by layout engine, the results displayed by web development applications are not necessarily kept the same as displayed on the web browsers. In addition, the results displayed by web development applications are depended on layout engines. Hence it is difficult to edit the common web contents since it cannot objectively reflect the result on web browsers. In this paper, we proposes a novel WYSIWYG solution, by completely separating web layout design from web data editing to generate cross-browser web data. Our proposed approach does not use layout engine, and thus can avoid the disadvantages mentioned above.

Positional gesture for advanced smart terminals: Simple gesture text input for syllabic scripts like Myanmar, Khmer and Bangla

In the next generation network (NGN), various kinds of advanced smart mobile terminals will be used for various communication services. We believe that text typing on small mobile devices will become more popular than it is today and also necessary for developing countries such as Myanmar (Burma), Cambodia and Bangladesh etc. In these countries, however, there is no proper or easy text input method for mobile devices yet. Positional gesture text input is a novel concept of text input for syllabic scripts like Myanmar, Khmer and Bangla languages. Text input of syllabic scripts poses a unique challenge because many syllabic characters are formed by combinations of consonants, dependent vowel signs, tones and subscript consonants etc. And thus, text input for syllabic scripts is still difficult even with PC keyboards. In this paper, we propose very simple gesture recognition for syllabic scripts text input based on their writing natures. It is accessible even for first time users and applicable for many mobile computing devices such as tablet PCs, mobile phones, PDAs and portable game players etc.

A Dense Mode Ad hoc Multicast Routing Protocol Constructing Shortest Path Trees with Low Control Overhead

In recent years, an ad hoc network is paid to attention widely, and many routing protocols are studied actively not only for unicasting but also for multicasting. Ad hoc multicast communication can be applied to a many-to-many conference among vehicles. Here, it is required to reduce the number of hops in the multicast data delivery and reduce the control message overhead, in order to save wireless channel bandwidth. From this requirement, it is considered that the dense mode multicast routing with low control overhead is appropriate for ad hoc many-to-many conference application. In this paper, we propose a new ad hoc multicast routing protocol, which constructs the shortest path tree efficiently and guarantees the operation of dense mode such as the broadcast & prune. This paper describes the result of designing our multicast routing protocol and that of performance evaluation in terms of control message overhead

Proposal of a Distributed Cooperative M2M System for Flood Disaster Prevention

Effective applications of M2M (Machine-to-Machine) systems for disaster prevention, such as an early warning system for flood and landslide, are highly expected. In particular, in applications for flood disaster prevention, an early warning of the flash flood caused by local torrential rain is required as well as a flood impact analysis based on water level and rainfall monitoring in the whole basin. However, in a conventional server-centric M2M system, an increase of network load and a delay of feedback control has become one of the most critical issues. Therefore, it is difficult to apply the conventional server-centric M2M system to applications of flood disaster prevention, in which both a real-time flood alert and a flood impact analysis are required. In this paper, we propose a distributed cooperative M2M system to solve such problems, and make an attempt to apply the proposed system to applications for flood disaster prevention. This proposed system provides an event-driven data collection mechanism for efficient data collection in low-bandwidth networks on the Never Die Network to achieve disaster tolerance of the access network. In addition, a rule-based autonomous control mechanism for a real-time flood alert in the M2M gateway is offered.

The design of Khmer word-based predictive non-QWERTY soft keyboard for stylus-based devices

We introduce a first ever soft keyboard for stylus-based devices such as personal digital assistant (PDA) for Khmer, official language of Cambodia. The contribution of this study is twofold - a key layout arrangement and a word-based predictive text entry method. First, we design a non-QWERTY key layout in which consonants and vowels are grouped phonetically and orthographically, respectively. As a result, the number of soft keys is much less than that of Khmer character sets. Second, we present a word-based predictive text entry method based on the careful analysis of the structure of Khmer word composition. In spite of the word-based predictive mechanism, this soft keyboard provides as well the ability to input unknown words without swapping to other modes. A prototype has been developed and preliminary experiment shows that the proposed soft keyboard is user-friendly easy to use with little training. In addition to the application to stylus-based devices, it can also be extended to be a soft keyboard for conventional desktop.

Positional mapping multi-tap for myanmar language

This paper is an attempt to enable a practical and efficient composing of message text with Myanmar language on a mobile phone. In this paper, we propose a new idea of key mapping (Positional Mapping) for Myanmar language. Positional Mapping is the key mapping idea for mobile phones based on Myanmar language characters writing positions. We compared our new mapping idea with our proposed Multi-tap keypad layout in terms of key strokes and users tapping speed. Although key strokes requirement for typing Myanmar consonants in Positional Mapping is higher, average tapping speed is 22.5% faster than Multi-tap model. And we can also prove that our Positional Mapping idea is simple and easier to memorize for users from the user studies. Our Positional Mapping idea can be applied not only to Myanmar language but also to other similar phonetic based languages such as Khamer, Thai, Hindi and Bangla etc.

Positional mapping Myanmar text input scheme for mobile devices

Current Myanmar PC keyboards or key mappings are very difficult to learn for novice users, and there is no efficient key mapping for mobile device keypads. In this paper, we introduce a new idea of key mapping (Positional Mapping) for phonetic scripts such as Myanmar language. Positional Mapping is a key mapping idea, based on Myanmar language characters writing positions, for small computing devices such as mobile phones, PDAs and electronic dictionaries etc. Our approach has made key mapping for Myanmar language very simple and easier to memorize. The results of first evaluation show that first time users have no problem with this key mapping and they can type Myanmar text with appropriate typing speed. Positional Mapping can be extended to other phonetic scripts such as Khmer, Thai, Indic and Lao etc.

Frequency Based Two-Layer Multitap Bangla Input method for Mobile phones

The interface of mobile phone in Bangladesh is mostly in English. Few mobile operators introduced Short Messaging Services in Bangla. Text entry in Bangla in mobile phone is not simple due to the structure and large number of characters in this script. The objective of this paper is to propose an easy and faster mobile input method. We proposed frequency based two-layer multitap (FBTLM) Bangla input method for mobile phones. The evaluation was done by keystroke comparison and user experiments by text entry. According to the result, we found our proposed FBTLM takes 42% less keystrokes than existing one layer multitap (OLM) and 17% less keystrokes than two layer multitap (TLM). Moreover, our proposed FBTLM method takes 42% less tapping time than OLM and 26% less tapping time than TLM.