Yu. I. Pyatnitskii

Contemporary Methods for the Direct Catalytic Conversion of Methane

The principal methods for the conversion of methane into useful chemical compounds are discussed. Promising methods include direct nonoxidative dehydrocondensation of methane to aromatic hydrocarbons, oxidative coupling of methane to ethylene, and partial oxidation of methane to oxygenates. In the case of the last reaction the proposed approach makes it possible to compare precisely the selective action of heterogeneous catalysts and to predict that a maximum yield will be obtained in a flow-type reactor with recycling.

Catalysis of steam reforming of ethanol by nanosized manganese ferrite for hydrogen production

We have studied the process of ethanol steam reforming on manganese ferrite MnFe2O4 with a spinel structure at 400-700°C. We show that the spinel crystal structure is preserved during catalysis. This process is characterized by nearly stoichiometric yield of hydrogen at 650-700°C and the absence of CO in the reaction products in the temperature range 400-650°C.

Effect of the Vanadium Content in V2O5/SiO2 Catalysts on Their Activity and Selectivity in the Partial Oxidation of Methane

The effect of the vanadium content on the catalytic characteristics of samples of V2O5/SiO2, prepared by molecular layering, was investigated. It was shown that in the region of relatively small vanadium contents in the catalyst its surface concentration does not affect the selectivity of the process. The obtained relation between the initial selectivity and the relative reactivity of formaldehyde and the surface density of oxide-vanadium groups in the deposited catalyst is discussed.

Effect of Alkali Metals on the Strength of Oxygen–Catalyst Bond in Co-Containing Perovskites

Modification of the perovskite SrCoO3 with alkali metal atoms has a considerable influence on the strength of the oxygen–catalyst bond and causes an increase in the weakly bonded oxygen in the modified samples. An approximate correlation has been established between the reactivity of the oxygen in the perovskite and its catalytic activity in the non-stationary condensation of methane to higher hydrocarbons.

Effect of CH4/Air Ratio on Selectivity of Partial Oxidation of Methane on V2O5/SiO2 Catalyst

We have studied partial oxidation of methane on V2O5/SiO2 (0.8 mass % V) in a flow-through catalytic fixed-bed reactor. We found that the methane/air ratio in the starting reaction mixture has practically no effect on the selectivity of the process. The dependence of the selectivity on the methane conversion can be described by a model with such reaction parameters as the initial selectivity and the relative reactivity (with respect to methane) of the reaction products.