Yu. N. Loginov

Effect of annealing temperature on the texture of copper wire

It has been found by textural analysis methods that, in the course of annealing with heating and cooling at a rate of 100 K/s, the textured state of an oxygen-containing copper wire of grade M00 deformed by drawing to 97% reduction changes, retaining the zonal structure. In the central zone, at a relative current radius from 0 to 0.3, the 〈111〉 orientation dominates to a temperature of 300°C. At the higher temperatures, the 〈100〉 orientation becomes dominant and remains up to 500°C. At relative current radii of 0.6–1.0 (peripheral zone) and 0.3–0.6 (intermediate zone), the dominant 〈100〉 orientation is retained to 300°C; at the higher temperatures, the dominance of the 〈100〉 orientation levels off. As the annealing temperature increases, the intermediate zone wedges out at the expense of growth of the central and peripheral zones. On the whole, the annealing at high temperatures (above 400°C) leads to the predominance of the 〈100〉 orientation; it is highly dominant for relative radii of 0–0.5.

Cinematics and volume deformations during roll-press briquetting

Abstract This work presents the research done on roll-press briquetting (RB) for loose materials. It investigates the mechanism of the capture condition formation for particles of loose material by the inclined walls of a cell for a rolling press. The mathematical models of the backing influence on the capture conditions and the compacting character for the compressed material have been constructed. The equations which describe the influence of the cell parameters on material compacting dependent on the roll turning angle and angular coordinate of the cell have been calculated. The dimensionless criteria which describe the RB and which allowed to recalculate the parameters of a modeling process for an industrial parameter and the compatibility estimation of the criteria have been calculated. For optimization of the technological parameters, the analysis of cell arrangement for the rolls of the briquette press has been given. The new models of laboratory and industrial briquette press have been designed and tested. The novelty of this construction has been proved by the Russian patents for a design of briquette press, working tool, and methods of the RB [The roll briquette press, Patent of Russia N2093364; The briquetting method of loose material, Patent of Russia N2100204; The roll for the briquette press, Patent of Russia N2116201].

Interrelation of Crystallographic Orientations of Grains in Aluminum Alloy AMg6 Under Hot Deformation and Recrystallization

The structure and texture of a pipe from steel AMg6 produced by the method of hot pressing (extrusion) are studied. The important role of special (special and “half-special”) boundaries in the process of dynamic recrystallization is described.

Interaction of a copper oxide particle with copper in drawing

The forming of copper near a copper oxide particle is determined during multiple-pass drawing. The interaction of the copper oxide particle with copper is studied by the calculation of the state of stress in a finite element formulation and using scanning electron microscopy data. The results obtained demonstrate that pores appear around copper oxide particles when strain accumulates in multiple-pass drawing machines. The pore length increases with the accumulated strain, which can result in breaks of a wire in a highly cold-worked state.

New industrial technology for producing mill balls in a continuous-casting deformation complex

Abstract The fields of application of grinding steel balls are in ore processing and the cement industry (material grinding in ball mills); large-size rolling bearings, etc. In mass machine production, for the manufacturing of axisymmetric forgings, cylindrical billets can be effectively replaced by balls. Balls are now produced by casting, die forging, and rolling. Cast grinding balls find a limited application. Hot-rolled balls are produced according to a power-consuming technology, as the ball-rolling mill employs pre-deformed (rolled) billets. The process of ball die-forging is inefficient, as it requires great power and material consumption, etc. In this paper a new technology for producing ball-shaped billets out of continuously cast ingots is presented.

Assessing the Consequences of the Softening of Metal During Hot-Working by Using the Software Package QForm V8

This article examines the effect of the strain-hardening parameters of a deformable material on the strain distribution in a product obtained by upsetting. The study was conducted with the use of materials having different types of strain-hardening curves. Results obtained by modeling and an experiment show the uniformity of the strain distribution.

Severe deformation, structure, and texture of the metal in the production of capillary copper tubes

The structure formation in the production of capillary copper tubes is studied using the computational methods of deformable medium mechanics and structural and texture analyses. It is found that intense deformation develops in the real process at a percent reduction up to 99.998%, and the strain tensor components are shown to be nonuniformly distributed. The predominance of the tangential component of the strain tensor leads to the formation of grains with long axes located along the longitudinal and radial coordinate axes near the inner surface of a capillary tube. Texture analysis supports these conclusions.

Using the Inverse Solver “INVERSE” in PAM-STAMP 2G to Assess the Formability of a Part

This article discusses the possibility of using a finite-element-based inverse design method to evaluate a technology for making parts by cold sheet stamping. It examines the process of reengineering in the software suite PAM-STAMP. The results that are obtained provide information on the development of the product and different pre-computed fields: stress–strain state, thickness reductions, defects, etc.

Capabilities of QForm-extrusion based on an example of the extrusion of complex shapes

ferrous metals. However, it is also one of the most complex. The stability of the properties and dimensions of the finished product depends on many factors, including the temperature distribution on the tool and the semifinished product, the lubricant that is used, the extrusion ratio, and the parameters and dimensions of the die. The latter is especially important for the extrusion of complex shapes and tubes made of aluminum alloys. In this case, accuracy of the shape and dimensions of the product is one of the main requirements for its quality. Only limited use is made of the operation of straightening. Increasing use is being made of mathematical modeling in order to be able to quickly develop new technologies and tools in a quality manner. The use of mathematical modeling makes it possible to avoid the trial and error method and move all the experiments that are performed onto the screen of a computer. The program QForm-Extrusion [1] – a product of the Russian company KvantorForm – has been developed to solve problems encountered in extruding complex shapes, designing new tools, selecting process parameters, and identifying possible defects. The official representative and technical support center of KvantorForm is the group comprised of the companies Delkam-Ural and PLM Ural. The software product QForm-Extrusion – a 64-bit Windows application – can serve either as an independent program or as an auxiliary module for the program QForm, which models metal-shaping operations. The process of modeling extrusion is completely automated in QForm-Extrusion. The program calculates the extrusion of shapes in two-dimensional matrices and matrices with dissectors. The pre-processor, post-processor, and solver are fully integrated in the program. Thus, deformation processes are visualized simultaneously with computation, which makes it possible to immediately interpret the results that are obtained and make the necessary changes to the technology. In preparing the initial data, the user proceeds exclusively on the basis of technological concepts and works with the system in the language of designers and process engineers. Here, master data preparation in the question-and-answer mode makes it possible to quickly and easily introduce all the parameters necessary for calculation. QForm automatically constructs numerical models (with division into finite elements), which ensures that the calculations will be characterized by a high degree of accuracy regardless of the qualifications of the users. The computation that is performed makes it possible to evaluate the following parameters of the extrusion of shapes: • the rate of flow of the metal in any cross section of the deformation zone; • torsion and bending of the shape; • the strain and temperature distributions; and • the effect of the designs of the belt and the forechamber on the flow of the metal. Metallurgist, Vol. 55, Nos. 9–10, January, 2012 (Russian Original Nos. 9–10, September–October, 2011)

Briquetting Metallurgical Lime Screenings and Parameters Making it Possible to Improve Process Efficiency

Results are given for roll briquetting of metallurgical lime. Experimental results are obtained in laboratory presses and industrial briquetting units. Dependences are obtained for briquette density on compaction pressure and process productivity with different roll briquetting parameters. Technology and equipment presented in the work for lime briquetting make it possible to prepare high quality briquettes for the metallurgical industry. Results obtained are used in developing production briquetting processes and planning equipment.