Yu. R. Kolobov

Grain Boundary Diffusion and Mechanisms of Creep of Nanostructured Metals

Comparative investigations of diffusion in coarse-grained (d = 20 μm), nanocrystalline (d = 0.04 μm) and nanostructured nickel (d = 0.3 μm) have been carried out in a temperature interval of 0.2–0.3 melting temperature. The reasons for difference of parameters of copper grain-boundary diffusion in the above materials are discussed. The effect exerted by grain boundary state and grain boundary diffusion fluxes of impurity on creep mechanisms of nanostructured nickel and copper in the temperature interval of 373–473 K have been studied. Significant change in the apparent creep activation energy under copper grain boundary diffusion fluxes is described as a consequence of different contribution of grain boundary sliding to overall deformation.

Microstructures and mechanical properties of ultrafine-grained Ti foil processed by equal-channel angular pressing and cold rolling

We processed coarse-grained Ti and equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) processed ultrafine-grained (UFG) Ti into 20-μm-thick Ti foils by cold rolling and intermediate annealing. The foils produced from rolling the UFG Ti exhibit a homogeneous nanostructure, while foils produced from rolling the coarse-grained Ti exhibit heterogeneous structures with a mixture of nanostructured regions and coarse-grained regions. The former foils also have higher strength and ductility and exhibit uniform deformation over a larger strain range at room temperature than the latter ones. This work demonstrated the advantage and viability of producing nanostructured Ti foil by rolling ECAP-processed UFG Ti stock.

The structure and microhardness evolution in submicrocrystalline molybdenum processed by severe plastic deformation followed by annealing

Abstract A possibility to form submicrocrystalline structure in molybdenum using severe plastic deformation treatment by torsion under high pressure (HPT) at elevated temperatures has been studied. Quantitative parameters of grain–subgrain structure have been obtained by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy methods. Thermal stability of microstructure and mechanical properties have been studied. It is established that HPT results in the formation of a submicrocrystalline structure in Mo and in disappearance of residual porosity. The average grain size of HPT-Mo is 0.2 μm. The formation of submicrocrystalline structure enhances significantly (by 2.4 times) the microhardness of Mo relative to that in the as-received (before HPT treatment) state. It is found that grain growth begins at 1173 K and develops intensively at T ⩾1273 K.

Effect of preliminary strain hardening on the flow stress of titanium and a titanium alloy during shock compression

The effect of preliminary strain hardening of VT1-0 titanium and a Ti-6 wt % Al-4 wt % V alloy on their mechanical properties under quasi-static and high-rate (τ;105 s−1) loading is studied. Preliminary hardening is accomplished using equal-channel angular pressing (which results in a significant decrease in the grain size and a twofold increase in the quasi-static yield strength) and shock waves. High-rate deformation is attained via shock-wave loading of samples. The experimental results show that structural defects weaken the dependence of the yield strength on the strain rate. The difference in the rate dependences can be so high that the effect of these defects on the flow stress can change sign when going from quasi-static to high-rate loading.

True grain-boundary slipping in coarse- and ultrafine-grained titanium

The temperature dependence of internal grain-boundary friction in coarse- and ultrafine-grained titanium is investigated. It is demonstrated that true grain-boundary slipping causes internal grain-boundary friction in ultrafine-grained titanium, as in coarse-grained metals. It is established that when going from the coarse-grained structure with perfect grain boundaries to ultrafine-grained structure with imperfect grain boundaries, the temperatures of the beginning and intense development of true grain-boundary slipping decrease together with the activation energy of this process. The diffusion mechanism of true grain-boundary slipping is justified for both structural states.

Structure and mechanical and electrochemical properties of ultrafine-grained Ti

A study is conducted into the microstructure and physico-mechanical properties of ultrafine-grained titanium produced by severe plastic deformation using the method of equichannel angular pressing. The effects of thermal and mechanical treatment on these characteristics are investigated. The possibility of forming mechanical properties in titanium that compare well with those of highly doped titanium alloys is shown.

Grain-boundary diffusion of nickel in submicrocrystalline molybdenum processed by severe plastic deformation

The depth-concentration profiles of nickel upon diffusion in submicrocrystalline (SMC) molybdenum processed by severe plastic deformation (SPD) have been studied by Auger electron spectroscopy. The coefficients (Db) and activation energies of the grain-boundary diffusion of nickel in SMC molybdenum were determined in a 973–1123 K temperature interval. The results indicate that a difference between the Db values in SMC and coarse-grained molybdenum is related to a nonequilibrium state of grain boundaries in the SPD-processed metal.

Effect of a defect structure on the static and long-term strength of submicrocrystalline VT1-0 titanium fabricated by plastic deformation during screw and lengthwise rolling

The effect of nanoporosity and the highly dispersed carbide particles that form during screw and lengthwise rolling of VT1-0 titanium on its mechanical and, partly, thermal stability characteristics is revealed and analyzed.

Microplastic deformation of polycrystalline and submicrocrystalline titanium during static and cyclic loading

A study is made of the laws governing the accumulation of microplastic strain during the static and cyclic loading of polycrystalline and submicrocrystalline titanium. It is shown that a change from the polycrystalline structure to the submicrocrystalline structure does not change the character of development of microplastic strain for either type of loading, but it does increase fatigue strength and fatigue limit. A correlation between the fatigue strength based on 106 cycles and the macroscopic elastic limit was found to exist for both types of loading.

Elasto-plastic properties of Cu-Nb nanolaminate

The Young’s modulus, internal friction, and microplastic flow stress in Cu-Nb nanolaminate has been determined by an acoustic technique. The influence of high hydrostatic compression (1 GPa) on these elasto-plastic properties of the nanolaminate has been studied.