Yu-Xuan Yang

A Four-Sector Conductance Method for Measuring and Characterizing Low-Velocity Oil–Water Two-Phase Flows

Measuring water holdup and characterizing the flow behavior of an oil-water two-phase flow is a contemporary and challenging problem of significant importance in industry. To address this problem, we develop a new method to design a new four-sector distributed conductance sensor. Specifically, we first use the finite-element method (FEM) to investigate the sensitivity distribution of the electric field and then calculate its response on the measurement electrodes. Based on the FEM analysis results, we extract two optimizing indexes to describe and find the optimum geometry for the four-sector distributed conductance sensor. We carry out oil-water two-phase flow experiments in a vertical upward pipe to validate the designed sensor implemented in the measurement of water holdup. In addition, we use the multivariate pseudo Wigner distribution (MPWD) method to analyze the multivariate signals from the four-sector distributed sensor. Our analytical and experimental results indicate that the four-sector distributed conductance sensor enables measuring water holdup and the MPWD allows uncovering local flow behavior revealing different oil-water flow patterns.

Wavelet multiresolution complex network for analyzing multivariate nonlinear time series

Characterizing complicated behavior from time series constitutes a fundamental problem of continuing interest and it has attracted a great deal of attention from a wide variety of fields on account of its significant importance. We in this paper propose a novel wavelet multiresolution complex network (WMCN) for analyzing multivariate nonlinear time series. In particular, we first employ wavelet multiresolution decomposition to obtain the wavelet coefficients series at different resolutions for each time series. We then infer the complex network by regarding each time series as a node and determining the connections in terms of the distance among the feature vectors extracted from wavelet coefficients series. We apply our method to analyze the multivariate nonlinear time series from our oil–water two-phase flow experiment. We construct various wavelet multiresolution complex networks and use the weighted average clustering coefficient and the weighted average shortest path length to characterize the nonlin...

Multiplex multivariate recurrence network from multi-channel signals for revealing oil-water spatial flow behavior

The exploration of the spatial dynamical flow behaviors of oil-water flows has attracted increasing interests on account of its challenging complexity and great significance. We first technically design a double-layer distributed-sector conductance sensor and systematically carry out oil-water flow experiments to capture the spatial flow information. Based on the well-established recurrence network theory, we develop a novel multiplex multivariate recurrence network (MMRN) to fully and comprehensively fuse our double-layer multi-channel signals. Then we derive the projection networks from the inferred MMRNs and exploit the average clustering coefficient and the spectral radius to quantitatively characterize the nonlinear recurrent behaviors related to the distinct flow patterns. We find that these two network measures are very sensitive to the change of flow states and the distributions of network measures enable to uncover the spatial dynamical flow behaviors underlying different oil-water flow patterns. Our method paves the way for efficiently analyzing multi-channel signals from multi-layer sensor measurement system.

Multivariate weighted recurrence network inference for uncovering oil-water transitional flow behavior in a vertical pipe

Exploring the dynamical behaviors of high water cut and low velocity oil-water flows remains a contemporary and challenging problem of significant importance. This challenge stimulates us to design a high-speed cycle motivation conductance sensor to capture spatial local flow information. We systematically carry out experiments and acquire the multi-channel measurements from different oil-water flow patterns. Then we develop a novel multivariate weighted recurrence network for uncovering the flow behaviors from multi-channel measurements. In particular, we exploit graph energy and weighted clustering coefficient in combination with multivariate time-frequency analysis to characterize the derived complex networks. The results indicate that the network measures are very sensitive to the flow transitions and allow uncovering local dynamical behaviors associated with water cut and flow velocity. These properties render our method particularly useful for quantitatively characterizing dynamical behaviors governing the transition and evolution of different oil-water flow patterns.

A Novel Multiplex Network-Based Sensor Information Fusion Model and Its Application to Industrial Multiphase Flow System

Increasingly advanced technology allows the monitoring of complex systems from a wide variety of perspectives. But the exploration of such systems from a multichannel sensor information viewpoint remains a complicated challenge of ongoing interest. In this paper, first, based on a well-designed double-layer distributed-sector conductance (DLDSC) sensor, systematic oil–water and gas–liquid two-phase flow experiments are carried out to capture abundant spatiotemporal flow information. Second, well flow parameter measurement performance of the DLDSC sensor is effectively validated from the perspective of normalized conductance. Third, a novel multiplex network-based model is presented to implement data mining and characterize the evolution of flow dynamics. The results demonstrate that the model is powerful for the exploration of the spatial flow behaviors from heterogeneity to randomness in the studied two-phase flows.

Multivariate weighted recurrence network analysis of EEG signals from ERP-based smart home system

Smart home has been widely used to improve the living quality of people. Recently, the brain-computer interface (BCI) contributes greatly to the smart home system. We design a BCI-based smart home system, in which the event-related potentials (ERP) are induced by the image interface based on the oddball paradigm. Then, we investigate the influence of mental fatigue on the ERP classification by the Fisher linear discriminant analysis. The results indicate that the classification accuracy of ERP decreases as the brain evolves from the normal stage to the mental fatigue stage. In order to probe into the difference of the brain, cognitive process between mental fatigue and normal states, we construct multivariate weighted recurrence networks and analyze the variation of the weighted clustering coefficient and weighted global efficiency corresponding to these two brain states. The findings suggest that these two network metrics allow distinguishing normal and mental fatigue states and yield novel insights into the brain fatigue behavior resulting from a long use of the ERP-based smart home system. These properties render the multivariate recurrence network, particularly useful for analyzing electroencephalographic recordings from the ERP-based smart home system.

A recurrence quantification analysis-based channel-frequency convolutional neural network for emotion recognition from EEG

Constructing a reliable and stable emotion recognition system is a critical but challenging issue for realizing an intelligent human-machine interaction. In this study, we contribute a novel channel-frequency convolutional neural network (CFCNN), combined with recurrence quantification analysis (RQA), for the robust recognition of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals collected from different emotion states. We employ movie clips as the stimuli to induce happiness, sadness, and fear emotions and simultaneously measure the corresponding EEG signals. Then the entropy measures, obtained from the RQA operation on EEG signals of different frequency bands, are fed into the novel CFCNN. The results indicate that our system can provide a high emotion recognition accuracy of 92.24% and a relatively excellent stability as well as a satisfactory Kappa value of 0.884, rendering our system particularly useful for the emotion recognition task. Meanwhile, we compare the performance of the entropy measures, extracted from each frequency band, in distinguishing the three emotion states. We mainly find that emotional features extracted from the gamma band present a considerably higher classification accuracy of 90.51% and a Kappa value of 0.858, proving the high relation between emotional process and gamma frequency band.

An adaptive optimal-Kernel time-frequency representation-based complex network method for characterizing fatigued behavior using the SSVEP-based BCI system

Abstract The Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP)-based Brain Computer Interface (BCI) system has seen extensively applications in many fields, such as physical recovery of handicap persons, obstacle avoidance of intelligent vehicles, entertainment and smart homes. However, subjects easily get fatigued because of the involving long-time operations. The presence of fatigue symptoms typically affect the efficiency of the BCI system, so investigating the effects of fatigue on the SSVEP classification accuracy from the perspective of brain network becomes a challenging issue of significant importance. In this paper, we develop an adaptive optimal-Kernel time-frequency representation (AOK-TFR)-based complex network method for characterizing fatigued behavior using the SSVEP-based BCI system. We apply the traditional Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) and Fisher Linear Discriminant Analysis (FLDA) to classify SSVEP signals. We find that the classification accuracy at the fatigue states is significantly lower than that at the normal states. To reveal the reasons, we infer and analyze the AOK-TFR-based functional brain network with SSVEP signals. In particular, we calculate the AOK-TFR of the acquired 30-channel SSVEP signals under both normal and fatigue conditions and then construct a brain network in terms of the two-norm distance between different channels. Our results suggest that the small-world-ness of the network at normal states is prominent, and the main brain regions associated with SSVEP are in the prefrontal cortex and occipital lobe. Our analysis sheds new insights into the understanding and management of the fatigued behavior using the SSVEP-based BCI system.

Reconstructing multi-mode networks from multivariate time series

Unveiling the dynamics hidden in multivariate time series is a task of the utmost importance in a broad variety of areas in physics. We here propose a method that leads to the construction of a novel functional network, a multi-mode weighted graph combined with an empirical mode decomposition, and to the realization of multi-information fusion of multivariate time series. The method is illustrated in a couple of successful applications (a multi-phase flow and an epileptic electro-encephalogram), which demonstrate its powerfulness in revealing the dynamical behaviors underlying the transitions of different flow patterns, and enabling to differentiate brain states of seizure and non-seizure. editor’s choice Copyright c