Yung Hsu

110 GHz hybrid mode-locked fiber laser with enhanced extinction ratio based on nonlinear silicon-on-insulator micro-ring-resonator (SOI MRR)

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a new 110 GHz high-repetition-rate hybrid mode-locked fiber laser using a silicon-on-insulator microring-resonator (SOI MRR) acting as the optical nonlinear element and optical comb filter simultaneously. By incorporating a phase modulator (PM) that is electrically driven at a fraction of the harmonic frequency, an enhanced extinction ratio (ER) of the optical pulses can be produced. The ER of the optical pulse train increases from 3 dB to 10 dB. As the PM is only electrically driven by the signal at a fraction of the harmonic frequency, in this case 22 GHz (110 GHz/5 GHz), a low bandwidth PM and driving circuit can be used. The mode-locked pulse width and the 3 dB spectral bandwidth of the proposed mode-locked fiber laser are measured, showing that the optical pulses are nearly transform limited. Moreover, stability evaluation for an hour is performed, showing that the proposed laser can achieve stable mode-locking without the need for optical feedback or any other stabilization mechanism.

Narrow line-width single-longitudinal-mode fiber laser using silicon-on-insulator based micro-ring-resonator

In this work, we propose and demonstrate a stable single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) fiber laser with narrow line-width by using an integrated silicon-on-insulator micro-ring resonator (SOI MRR) and two subsidiary fiber rings for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The laser is tunable over the wavelength range from 1546 to 1570 nm, with only step tuning of 2 nm steps. A maximum 49 dB side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) can be achieved. The compact SOI MRR provides a large free-spectral-range (FSR), while the subsidiary rings provide Vernier effect producing a single lasing mode. The FSR of the SOI MRR can be very large and controllable (since it is easy to fabricate small SOI MRR when compared with making small fiber-rings) using the complementary-metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) compactable SOI fabrication processes. In our proposed laser, the measured single sideband (SSB) spectrum shows that the densely spaced longitudinal modes can be significantly suppressed to achieve SLM. The laser linewidth is only 3.5 kHz measured by using the self-heterodyne method. 30 min stability evaluation in terms of lasing wavelength and optical power is performed; showing the optical wavelength and power are both very stable, with fluctuations of only 0.02 nm and 0.8 dB, respectively.

Utilizing a silicon-photonic micro-ring-resonator and multi-ring scheme for wavelength-switchable erbium fiber laser in single-longitudinal-mode

In this paper, a stable and wavelength-switchable silicon-photonic erbium-doped fiber (EDF) triple-ring laser is proposed and demonstrated. In the experiment, the integration of a silicon-on-insulator (SOI)-based grating coupler and silicon-micro-ring-resonator (SMRR) are coupled and connected to the proposed EDF triple-ring laser for generating wavelength. Here, the output wavelength can be adjusted in a wavelength range of 1529.8 –1561.8 nm with a 2.0 nm tuning step according to the free spectrum range (FSR) of the SMRR. Moreover, the stability performance of the output power and wavelength are also discussed and analyzed.

Difference-frequency mixing of output waves from a periodically poled lithium niobate optical parametric oscillator in a GaSe crystal

We report on an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) pumped by a Nd:YAG laser, and on extending its tuning range by difference-frequency mixing of OPO output waves in GaSe crystal. Maximum combined signal and idler pulse energy of 2.7 mJ and slope efficiency of 25% have been achieved. The tuning range is 1.71 to 1.98 mm for the signal wave and 2.81 to 2.30 mm for the idler wave, using a single set of mirrors. As an application of this PPLN OPO, the signal and the idler waves are difference-frequency- mixed in a GaSe crystal to produce tunable mid-IR from 4.35 to 14.25 mm. The efficiency of the mixing has been analyzed, considering the experimental results.

Visible light communications for the implementation of internet-of-things

It is predicted that the number of internet-of-things (IoT) devices will be >28 billion in 2020. Due to the shortage of the conventional radio-frequency spectrum, using visible light communication (VLC) for IoT can be promising. IoT networks may only require very low-data rate communication for transmitting sensing or identity information. The implementation of a VLC link on existing computer communication standards and interfaces is important. Among the standards, universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) is very popular. We propose and demonstrate a VLC-over-UART system. Bit error rate analysis is performed. Different components and modules used in the proposed VLC-over-UART system are discussed. Then, we also demonstrate a real-time simultaneous temperature, humidity, and illuminance monitoring using the proposed VLC link.

Compact 84 GHz passive mode-locked fiber laser using dual-fiber coupled fused-quartz microresonator

Abstract. We propose and demonstrate a compact and portable-size 84-GHz passive mode-locked fiber laser, in which a dual-fiber coupled fused-quartz microresonator is employed as the intracavity optical comb filter as well as the optical nonlinear material for optical frequency comb generation. About eight coherent optical tones can be generated in the proposed fiber laser. The 20-dB bandwidth is larger than 588 GHz. The full-width half-maximum pulse-width of the proposed laser is 2.5 ps. We also demonstrate the feasibility of using the proposed passive mode-locked fiber laser to carry a 5-Gbit/s on-off-keying signal and transmit over 20-km standard single mode fiber. A 7% forward error correction requirement can be achieved, showing the proposed fiber laser can be a potential candidate for fiber-wireless applications.

Equalization of PAM-4 Signal Generated by Silicon Microring Modulator for 64-Gbit/s Transmission

We propose and demonstrate a 64-Gbit/s four-level pulse-amplitude-modulation transmission by using a limited modulation bandwidth silicon microring modulator (SiMRM) and the Volterra equalization scheme. Severe intersymbol interference caused by both the chromatic dispersion of the optical fiber and the bandwidth limitation of components can be compensated. Besides, several equalization schemes are compared and analyzed in terms of performance and complexity. In addition, the design and characteristics of the SiMRM used in the experiment are also discussed.

Difference frequency mixing of periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) OPO output waves in GaSe crystal

Summary from only given. We employed type-I phase matching in GaSe IR pulses (DFG) were separated from the optical parametric oscillator (OPO) pulses by two dielectric coated Ge filters and detected with a liquid-nitrogen-cooled HgCdTe detector.