Yunus Serin

Effects of early cutting time and stubble height on yield and quality in lucerne

Abstract Lucerne is consumed not only as hay, but it is also used as the raw material of concentrated food for livestock. This study investigated the effects of four cutting times (20, 40, 60 cm tall and at the beginning of flowering) and three stubble heights (base, 5 and 10 cm) on the dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) yields, the N content of tops, and non‐structural carbohydrate (NSC) in roots of lucerne. The experiment was a 4 x 3 factorial in a randomised complete block design with four replications carried out at the Research Station of Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk University, in 1996 and 1997. The N content decreased while the DM and N yields of top and NSC content of the roots increased as the cutting height, and consequently plant maturity, increased. The lower stubble heights increased the DM and N yields, but they decreased the NSC contents in roots. Therefore, the highest DM yield (12 660 kg ha‐1) was taken when lucerne was harvested at the beginning of flowering and cut from the base.

Bayburt İli Kop ve Burnazdere Havzalarında Yonca Yetiştiriciliğinde Problemler ve Bazı Tavsiyeler / Problems and Some Recommendations For Alfalfa Culture in The Basins of Kop and Burnazdere of Bayburt Province

OZET: Kop ve Burnazdere Havzalarinda hayvanlarin mera donemi disindaki gerekli kaba yem miktarinda cok acik bulunmaktadir. Bu acigi kapatmada en umitvar bitki yoncadir, ancak yoncanin yetistiriciliginde cok onemli problemler mevcuttur. Yoncada piyasadan temin edilen sertifikasiz tohumlar kullanilmakta, ekim serpme yapilmakta, tohum yatagi iyi hazirlanmamakta, ekim oncesi ve sonrasi agir bir tapan veya merdane uygulanmamakta, koruyucu bitki olarak cok fazla miktarda arpa veya bugday kullanilmaktadir. Tesis gubrelemesi olarak sadece ve fazla miktarda hayvan gubresi kullanilmakta ve tesis ve bakim yillarinda fosforlu gubre kullanilmamakta, yabanci otlarla mucadele yapilmamakta ve yoncaliklarda bol miktarda kuskut bulunmaktadir. Sulama ve bicim cok gec yapilmakta, ilkbaharda ve sonbaharda yoncaliklarda hayvan otlatilmakta, uygun bir ekim nobeti uygulanmamakta ve dusuk verim alinmaktadir. Bu calismalar sonucu ve Dogu Anadolu Bolgesinde yonca yetistiriciligi konularinda yapilan arastirma neticelerinden faydalanilarak bir cok tavsiyede bulunulmustur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Yonca yetistiriciligi, sorunlar, tavsiyeler. Problems and Some Recommendations For Alfalfa Culture in The Basins of Kop and Burnazdere of Bayburt Province ABSTRACT: There are important deficiencies in fodder requirements of livestock for the period of feedlot in the basins of Kopdere and Burnazdere of Bayburt Province. Alfalfa is the most promising fodder crop for the covering the deficiency. But there are some important problems in the culture of alfalfa. Farmers in this province use uncertified seeds of alfalfa, broadcast the seed, do not prepare the soil and seed bed in suitable conditions, do not firm the seed bed before and after the seeding, use the over seeds of wheat and barley as companion crops. They use only over manure for fertilizing in establishment year and do not give phosphorous fertilizer to alfalfa crops in the establishment and following years, do not struggle with weeds. Also, the stands of alfalfa have over dodder. The stand is irrigated and harvested very lately. They are over-grazed in early spring and late fall. Farmer do not practice the suitable rotation systems. So, they get very significantly low yield in alfalfa per se. Many recommendations have been made depending on the results of this research and other researches that haven been carried out in this Region. Key Words: Alfalfa agriculture, problems, recommendations