Yusuf Duman

Cerebellar mutism: report of seven cases and review of the literature.

It is well known that degenerative disease, hemorrhage, infection, and neoplastic disease of the cerebellum can lead to speech disorder. Mutism after posterior cranial fossa surgery was first reported by Rekate et al. and Yonemasu in 1985. We review and analyze the cases of cerebellar mutism that are reported in the literature that is available in English. We found 39 reported cases that included details regarding mutism. We review and analyze a total of 46 cases, including those of our seven patients. The ages of the patient ranged from 2 to 61 years (mean, 10.4 yr). Ninety-one percent of the patients were children. The vermis was the site of the mass lesions in > 90% of the cases. The pathological findings of the lesions were as follows: 33 medulloblastomas, 7 astrocytomas, 4 ependymomas, 1 metastatic tumor, and 1 arteriovenous malformation. All mass lesions were considered to be large or very large. The latency for the development of mutism ranged from 0 to 6 days (mean, 1.7 d). The mutism lasted from 4 days to 4 months (mean, 6.8 wk). Dysarthric speech ensued after the mutism was resolved in 35 of 46 patients. Mutism was transient in all of the cases. Cerebellar mutism is a transient complication of posterior fossa surgery for midline mass lesions.

Self-radioiodination of iodogen.

Iodogen (1,3,4,6-tetrachloro-3alpha,6alpha-diphenylglucoluril) is commonly used for the radioiodination of proteins as an oxidative agent. The oxidative character of iodogen is not clear, but the two carbonyl groups in its structure probably have an essential role in its oxidizing character. In this study, the self-radioiodination of iodogen has been examined. It was observed that about 10-20% of the initial iodine radioactivity was consumed for the self-radioiodination of iodogen itself. On the other hand, the radioiodinated iodogen removed by ethyl alcohol from the iodogen-coated tubes showed clearly that no thyroid uptake was observed and that it was rapidly cleared out from the whole body of a rabbit administered with the radioiodinated iodogen by injection via the ear vein.

Synthesis and iodine-125 labelling of glucuronide compounds for combined chemo- and radiotherapy of cancer

Some types of cancer cells have high levels of beta-glucuronidase activity. This enzyme is able to deglucuronidate a variety of glucuronide derivatives on the cell membrane. Either O- or N-glucuronides can be selectively incorporated into the cancer cells. If the aglycone is cytotoxic, the glucuronide can potentially be used as a selective anti-cancer drug in cancers with high levels of beta-glucuronidase activity. Nevertheless, in vitro studies carried out by various investigators have shown that the cytotoxicities of several glucuronides in cancer cells are not sufficiently high for their use as effective anti-cancer drugs. For this reason, we have synthesized glucuronide compounds radiolabelled with iodine-125 combining the radiotoxicity of this Auger electron emitter with the chemotoxicity of the aglycone portion of the glucuronide.

Labeling of Penicillamine di sulfide with technetium-99m

Complex forming conditions of Penicillamine di sulfide with 99mTc have been specified. Labeling of penicillamine di sulfide with 99mTc by direct reduction with SnCl2 did not give favorable good results while the 99mTc complex of penicillamine can be easily obtained. Ligand exchange reaction with 99mTc-gluconate was attempted and a 95% labeling efficiency was obtained. Radiopharmaceutical potential of 99mTc-PADS (99mTc-Penicillamine di sulfide) has been investigated with a gamma camera in rabbits and the complex was found to be uptaken mostly by the liver and kidneys.

Radioiodination and preliminary biological tests of aniline-mustard and its glucuronide conjugate as a potential anticancer prodrug

Aniline-mustard and its glucuronide conjugate were radioiodinated with 131I. The preliminary dynamic tests were carried out on rabbits. The scintigrams showed clearly that the glucuronide conjugate of aniline-mustard was very quickly cleared from the metabolism, accumulating in the bladder in about 15 minutes. The clearance time of radioiodinated aniline-mustard-glucuronide was considerably longer (about 45 min.). The results obtained from the biodistributional studies have represented interesting differences between the metabolic details of radioiodinated compounds, and indicated that the glucuronide conjugate of aniline-mustard may be a promising radioiodinated prodrug, if verification of its selective accumulation in some kinds of tumor cells can be obtained.

A new suture material for repair of the injured spleen

Parenchyma-Set, a new absorbable collagen-tape suture material, was used in the present study for the repair of experimentally injured spleens and the results compared with polyglactin. Standard splenic injuries were produced in ten mongrel dogs. The spleens of five (group I) were repaired with Parenchyma-Set and those of the other five (group II) with polyglactin. Isotope uptakes of the spleens performed on the 30th postoperative day showed varying degrees of scintigraphic defects in group II in comparison with group I. The histopathologic examinations revealed better healing in group I with better preservation of the splenic architecture. We conclude that Parenchyma-Set appears to be the suture material of choice for repair of the injured spleen.