Zalipah Jamellodin

Strength Development of Fine Grained Mortar Containing Palm Oil Fuel Ash as a Partial Cement Replacement

This study was focusing on the utilization of Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) and the effect of fine sand to develop the strength of the mortar. The flexural and compressive strength of fine grained mortar (FGM) with the addition of POFA and the sand usage with a size less than 1 mm were investigated. Then, the optimum percentage of POFA as a replacement material for cement was determined. Cement was partially replaced with POFA at various percentage of 0 % to 40 % by weight of cementitious materials with three (3) samples for each percentage. The laboratory test was conducted for this study are divided into two which are properties of samples (X-ray fluorescence and particle size analyzer), and hardened mortar (compressive and flexural strength). The prism specimens size are 40 mm x 40 mm x 160 mm and were tested at the age of 7 and 28 days according to BS EN 196-1:2005: Method of Testing Cement. The results showed that the highest flexural and compression strength is at 10 % due to a factor which is the effect of POFA and fine sand produce a strong bond between the particles with the longer curing time, that is after 14 days. This is indicated that an additional of 10 % POFA in FGM is the optimal percentage of POFA as a replacement for cement.

The mechanical and physical properties of concrete containing polystyrene beads as aggregate and palm oil fuel ash as cement replacement material

One of the disadvantages of normal concrete is the high self-weight of the concrete. Density of the normal concrete is in the range of 2200 kg/m3 to 2600 kg/ m3. This heavy self-weight make it as an uneconomical structural material. Advantages of expended polystyrene beads in lightweight concrete is its low in density which can reduce the dead load (self-weight) Improper disposal of the large quantity of palm oil fuel ash which has been produced may contribute to environmental problem in future. In this study, an alternative of using palm oil fuel ash as a cement replacement material is to improve the properties of lightweight concrete. The tests conducted in this study were slump test, compression strength, splitting tensile and water absorption test. These samples were cured under water curing condition for 7, 28 and 56 days before testing. Eight types of mixtures were cast based on percentage (25%, 50%) of polystyrene beads replacement for control samples and (25%, 50%) of polystyrene beads by differen...

TFGM a New Composite Material with Palm Oil Fuel Ash

Textile fine grained mortar (TFGM) is a composite construction material which provides another alternative to strengthen and repair existing concrete structures. TFGM is a combination of fine grained mortar (FGM) made of waste material with textile fabrics. The strengthening approach significantly increases both the ultimate load carrying capacity and the serviceability. FGM is a special binder matrix with maximum grain size of 600–1 mm. Therefore, less than 2 mm mortar thickness is needed between the textile layers due to the small aggregate size. In addition, 10 % of cement content in FGM is replaced by palm oil fuel ash (POFA) as a waste material. The utilization POFA can reduce the carbon dioxide emission generated by cement, which can be harmful to the environment In this study, plain concrete prism with size of 100 mm × 100 mm × 500 mm was produced. Specimens were strengthened by using alkali resistant (AR) glass fabrics impregnated with FGM. Four levels of strengthening consisting of 2, 4, 6 and 8 layers fabric were used on three replicate specimens in each category. Strengthened concrete prisms were subjected to monotonic load with three-point bending test to determine the effect of the strengthening process and the number of fabric layers on the behaviour of concrete prism. The recorded measurements on the test specimens were evaluated for the ultimate flexural strength and deflection. TFGM significantly contributed on the flexural load carrying capacity and ductility of concrete prisms. The contribution of these composites varies according to the number of fabric layers. The flexural capacity increased about threefold from unstrengthened plain concrete prism.

Performance of Rice Husk Ash as a Partial Cement Replacement in Fine Grained Mortar

This paper investigates the performance of rice husk ash (RHA) in a fine grained mortar. RHA produced from control combustion of rice husk. Fine grained mortar (FGM) is a mortar containing fine sand with a maximum size of 1mm. Chemical composition of RHA and Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) were investigated using XRF in order to know the silica content in these materials. The particle size of RHA was analyzed to make sure it fineness is same with OPC after grinding. Compressive and flexural strength of FGM were tested on mortar prism for size 40mm x 40mm x 160mm with replacement of RHA 10%, 20% and 30% by weight of cement at 7 days and 28 days ofcuring. All 24 specimens of FGM were caste and tested. The flexural strength, compressive strength of FGM have shown quite encouraging and interesting results. The optimum replacement of RHA in FGM from compressive and flexural strength is 20% by weight of cement.

Strength development of fine grained mortar containing fly ash and rice husk ash

Fine grained mortar (FGM) offers a new innovative technology binder system. The innovative technique is achieved by using a small maximum grain size of 600μm for the mortars. Most of the previous studies have focused on the FA to be replaced in the FGM. There is still lacking of research of using other pozzolanas in making FGM. This paper presents a study of the strength of FGM with partially replacement of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with fine fly ash (FA) and ground rice husk ash (RHA). Flexural and compressive strength of FGM were tested. The results show that the use of FA and RHA produces FGM with improved strength with the replacement up to 20% than that of the control FGM. The use of FA and RHA is very effective in enhancing strength at the later age of FGM.