Zanariah Jano

Remote Terminal Unit Developed for Distribution Automation System (DAS) Using MPLAB Software

Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) is a standalone data acquisition and control unit which monitors and controls an equipment at a remote location from the central station that utilizes Distribution Automation System (DAS). The RTU acquires information such as measured values, signal, meter readings and it transmits command or instruction, sets points, controls variables and monitors function time. In the present Distribution Automation System (DAS), the distribution field of automation allows the utilities to implement a flexible control of distribution system to enhance efficiency, reliability, and quality of electric service. The implementation of distribution automation system is highlighted based on two factors; benefit and area of distribution automation system implementation. The hardware design uses PIC16F877A microcontroller to control all the functions of RTU. The types of fault detected are undervoltage and overcurrent. The design consists of MPLAB software development using C programming and hardware assembly. RTU is also designed to communicate with the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system and resulting in RTU’s ability to detect undervoltage and overcurrent fault.

A Qualitative Content Analysis of e-Strategies for Research, Innovation and Commercialization: A Case of Global Bodies, Malaysian Ministries and Research University

Research, Innovation, and Commercialization (R, I & C) are now widely accepted as critical tools to improve economy, eradicate poverty, and enhance human development. However, in a developing country like Malaysia, commercialization effort to date is quite modest with low number of patents and low number of research and innovation output from Malaysian universities on a national and international scale. Nowadays, communication and information are transmitted through Internet resources which act as marketing tools for research, innovation, and commercialization to the global community. Recognizing these potentials, electronic strategies (e-strategies) encompassing R, I & C are on the rise across Asia. This chapter aims to analyze the trend of e-strategies in R, I & C of the global bodies, Malaysian Ministries and research university in Malaysia using a qualitative content analysis. The framework is based on the extant literature and consists of the dynamic cycle of Web resources namely the Web content, interactivity, navigation links, design infrastructures, assessment, and continuous quality improvement (CQI). While the WIPO embraces and blends well with the potential advantages of e-strategies, the Scopus lacks few features about the organization and international networking, assessment, and CQI. The Ministries and the university are yet to adequately reflect truly comprehensive and integrated strategies for harnessing and exploiting these potentials in order to gear for internationalization and collaboration across countries.