Žarko Radišić

Análise genética de raças suínas autóctones da Croácia através do uso de microssatélites como marcadores

Black Slavonian pig (BS) and Turopolje pig (TP) are two Croatian autochthonous pig breeds. At the beginning of this century attempts were made to preserve and re-establish them, which included also employment of the genetic methods for studying genetic characteristics of both breeds. The number of Black Slavonian breed sows was increased from 237 in 2001 to 1305 last year, while the number of Turopolje breed sows rose from 45 to 132 in the same period. A set of 18 microsatellite markers was used to genotype 20 BS pigs, 20 TP pigs and 20 wild boars. The basic statistical analysis included number of samples, number of alleles for each locus, expected and observed heterozygosity, FIS and their statistical significance FISsign. In observed populations, a relatively high variety of loci was present. Average heterozygosity was between 0.35 and 0.64. The average fixation index (FST) was 0.24. Multilocus FST values indicated that around 24% of the total genetic variation was explained by population differences, with the remaining 78% corresponding to differences among individuals within population. Genetic distances between populations were made with PCA method and it was noticed that studied populations are clearly defined. The analysis of population structure indicates no admixture among analysed breeds. However, some substructuring in the Black Slavonian pig population was observed. Results confirmed usefulness of microsatellites for studying genetic diversity among Croatian autochthonous pig breeds, but for obtaining more accurate results, a study involving larger number of animals and other related breeds would be required.

Efficiency of PCR-RFLP and species specific PCR in identification of meat origin in dry sausages

The purpose of the investigation was the identification of chicken, beef and sheep meat in pork sausages using PCR-RFLP and PCR with species specific primers. Six dry fermented pork sausages were produced by adding beef, sheep and chicken meat to each in the amount of 1% and 5%. DNA was extracted from five locations of each sausage and PCR-RFLP together with PCR using species specific primers was performed. PCR-RFLP analysis was successful only for chicken meat, while species specific PCR was effective for identification of chicken, beef and sheep meat in all ratios and at all locations. The results of our study showed that in investigated products discovering of adulteration using PCR-RFLP is suitable only for chicken meat, while for detection of beef and sheep meat use of species specific oligonucleotides is more adequate.