Zbigniew Sołtys
Jagiellonian University
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Featured researches published by Zbigniew Sołtys.
Journal of Neuroscience Research | 2001
Zbigniew Sołtys; Marek Ziaja; Rafał Pawliński; Zuzanna Setkowicz; Krzysztof Janeczko
The present study focuses on application of quantitative methods measuring differences between particular morphological types of microglial cells as well as between their proliferating and non‐proliferating examples. On the basis of subjective classification, microglial cells of three morphological types (ramified, hypertrophied and bushy) were selected from the neocortex of injured rat brain. Thereafter, the morphological complexity of each cell was assessed by calculation its fractal dimension as well as its form factor, convexity, ramification factor and solidity. The fractal dimension seemed a good parameter for detecting small changes in the space‐filing capacity of cells, for example, it shows differences between ramified cells from control and injured brains. This measure seemed insensitive to some aspects of cell morphology. To obtain precise quantification of observed changes other morphological parameters had to be applied. Proliferating and non‐proliferating microglial cells displayed significant differences in their solidity and ramification factors, but not in fractal dimension and convexity. The results indicated that proliferating microglia were more massive and less‐ramified but they did not reduce their spatial complexity. J. Neurosci. Res. 63:90–97, 2001.
Journal of Neuroscience Methods | 2005
Zbigniew Sołtys; O. Orzylowska-Sliwinska; M Zaremba; D. Orlowski; M. Piechota; A. Fiedorowicz; Krzysztof Janeczko; Barbara Oderfeld-Nowak
Pathogenic stimuli induce alterations in the morphology of microglial cells. We analysed changes in lectin-stained cells on the 1st, 3rd, 7th or 14th day after transient global ischemia. Three areas differing in the degree of microglial reaction were selected for analysis: the upper cerebral cortex, the hippocampal CA1 area, and the hilus of the dentate gyrus. Nine morphological parameters, including fractal dimension, lacunarity, self-similarity range, solidity, convexity and form factor were determined. Then the resultant data were processed using principal component analysis (PCA). We found that the two first principal components together explained more than 73% of the observed variability, and may be sufficient both to describe the morphological diversity of the cells, and to determine the dynamics and direction of the changes. In both hippocampal areas, the transformation to hypertrophied and phagocytic cells was observed, but changes in the hilus were faster than in the CA1. In contrast, in the cortex, a microglial reaction was characterised by an increase in the complexity of processes. The results presented show that the quantitative morphological analysis can be an effective tool in research on the reactive behaviour of microglia and, particularly, in the detection of small and early changes in the cells.
Journal of Physiology-paris | 2006
Michal Slezak; Frank W. Pfrieger; Zbigniew Sołtys
Recent discoveries suggest that astrocytes are an integral part of synaptic connections, as they sense and modulate synaptic activity. Moreover, there is evidence that astrocytes change the number of synaptic connections directly via synaptogenic signals or indirectly, by modifying the morphology of axons and dendrites. Here, we formulate the hypothesis that astrocytes mediate the morphological homeostasis of nerve cells, which is any adaptation of the morphology of a neuron to preserve its ability to respond to and generate synaptic activity during learning and memory-induced changes. We argue that astrocytes control neuronal morphology locally and across long-ranging assemblies of neurons and that on the other hand, astrocytes are part of the engram with plasticity-related changes affecting their morphology.
International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience | 2003
Dariusz Orłowski; Zbigniew Sołtys; Krzysztof Janeczko
Morphological transformation of lectin‐positive microglia/macrophages in the developing rat cerebral hemisphere was analysed using quantitative methods. During the first postnatal month, the cells showed increases in their size and fractal dimension accompanied by a simultaneous decrease in their solidity. Regional variations in dynamics of the process indicated the existence of spatio‐temporal developmental gradients within the cerebral hemisphere wall which might correspond with regional patterns of neuronal differentiation. Results of the present study prove that the quantitative methods can be the source of reliable data replacing subjective cell typologies.
Brain Research | 2003
Zbigniew Sołtys; Krzysztof Janeczko; O. Orzyłowska-Śliwińska; M Zaremba; S. Januszewski; Barbara Oderfeld-Nowak
Transient global ischemia induces intensive neuronal degeneration in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal layer, accompanied by reactive transformation of glial cells. Previously, we have shown using the double immunostaining method that the NGF receptors (NGFR) p75 and TrkA are expressed mainly on subpopulations of GFAP+ astrocytes, and this expression increases progressively after ischemia. In the presented study, we analyzed quantitatively the morphological transformations of cells immunopositive for GFAP or NGF receptors in the stratum radiatum of the CA1 hippocampal area in different survival periods after ischemia, evoked by 10-min cardiac arrest in adult rats. In control brains, NGF receptors were expressed only on small cells with poorly ramified processes. After ischemia, the NGFR+ cells increased in size and morphological complexity (measured using fractal analysis). However, even 2 weeks after ischemia these cells did not reach the size and value of the fractal dimension typical of the largest GFAP+ astrocytes. Moreover, the reaction of NGFR+ cells was significantly delayed in comparison with the total astrocyte population. The obtained results suggest that NGF receptors are expressed mainly by immature astrocytes and ischemia induces the maturation of these cells.
Brain Research | 1997
Krzysztof Janeczko; Rafał Pawliński; Zuzanna Setkowicz; Marek Ziaja; Zbigniew Sołtys; Anna Ryszka
Pregnant Wistar rats were exposed to a single 1.0 Gy dose of gamma-irradiation on gestational day 13, 15, 17 or 19. Thirty-day-old male offspring received a mechanical lesion in the left cerebral hemisphere. One, 2 or 4 days after the injury the rats were injected with [3H]thymidine and sacrificed 4 h after the injection. Thereafter, brain sections were immunostained for GFAP or S100 beta protein, subjected to autoradiography and examined microscopically to record immunopositive astrocytes labelled with [3H]thymidine. Statistically significant elevation of the reactive astrocyte proliferation was revealed on the 2nd day following injury in brains irradiated on gestational day 15. The results represent the first in vivo evidence that a low-dose prenatal gamma-irradiation can induce a long-term increase in the ability of astroglia to proliferate in response to injury.
Palaeontologische Zeitschrift | 1996
Ewa Stworzewicz; Zbigniew Sołtys
KurzfassungIn den Kalkstein-Zwischenlagen einer Lignit-Folge des Braunkohlen-Tagebaus Belchatów wurden fünf Arten der Familie Aciculidae gefunden, die in diesem Aufsatz besprochen werden. Zwei dieser Arten,Acicula schlickumi (Schutt 1967) undRenea pretiosa (Andreae 1904) waren bisher nur in wenigen unvollständigen Gehäusen bekannt. Als neue Art wirdAcicula crassistoma n. sp. beschrieben.AbstractThe paper reports five species of Aciculidae from calcareous intercalations within lignite units of the opencast brown coal mine in Belchatów. Two of them,Acicula schlickumi (Schütt 1967) andRenea pretiosa (Andreae 1904) were only poorly known on the basis of some incomplete shells, whileAcicula crassistoma is described as a new species.
Microscopy Research and Technique | 2009
Piotr Pawliczek; Anna Romanowska-Pawliczek; Zbigniew Sołtys
Various deconvolution algorithms are often used for restoration of digital images. Image deconvolution is especially needed for the correction of three‐dimensional images obtained by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Such images suffer from distortions, particularly in the Z dimension. As a result, reliable automatic segmentation of these images may be difficult or even impossible. Effective deconvolution algorithms are memory‐intensive and time‐consuming. In this work, we propose a parallel version of the well‐known Richardson–Lucy deconvolution algorithm developed for a system with distributed memory and implemented with the use of Message Passing Interface (MPI). It enables significantly more rapid deconvolution of two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional images by efficiently splitting the computation across multiple computers. The implementation of this algorithm can be used on professional clusters provided by computing centers as well as on simple networks of ordinary PC machines. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2010.
Molecular Neurobiology | 2017
Adrian Andrzej Chrobak; Zbigniew Sołtys
Bergmann glia (BG), a specific type of radial astrocytes in the cerebellum, play a variety of vital functions in the development of this structure. However, the possible role of BG in the development of abnormalities observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) seems to be underestimated. One of the most consistent findings observed in ASD patients is loss of Purkinje cells (PCs). Such a defect may be caused by dysregulation of glutamate homeostasis, which is maintained mainly by BG. Moreover, these glial cells are involved in long-term depression (LTD), a form of plasticity which can additionally subserve neuroprotective functions. The aim of presented review is to summarize the current knowledge about interactions which occur between PC and BG, with special emphasis on those which are relevant to the survival and proper functioning of cerebellar neurons.
Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods | 2015
Kinga Sałat; Jadwiga Witalis; Monika Zadrożna; Zbigniew Sołtys; Barbara Nowak; Barbara Filipek; Krzysztof Więckowski; Barbara Malawska
Abstract Purpose: There is a strong medical demand to search for novel, more efficacious and safer than available, analgesics for the treatment of neuropathic pain. This study investigated antinociceptive activity of intraperitoneally administered 3-[4-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one (LPP1) and pregabalin in the chronic constriction injury (CCI) model of neuropathic pain in mice and evaluated these drugs’ influence on motor coordination. In addition, microscopic examinations of the sciatic nerve were performed to assess, if a surgical method or drug treatment caused changes in the structure of this nerve. Moreover, the alterations of nerve growth factor (NGF) content after drug treatment were assessed. Methods: Antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic activities of LPP1 and pregabalin were assessed in the von Frey and hot plate tests. Motor-impairing properties were evaluated in the rotarod test. Microscopic examinations of the sciatic nerve were performed using electron microscope. In immunohistochemical assays the content of NGF in the sciatic nerve after single or repeated administration of test drugs was assessed. Results: Microscopic examinations of the sciatic nerve revealed ultrastructural changes in nerve fibers indicating for neurodegenerative processes induced by CCI. Seven days after CCI surgery LPP1 and pregabalin reduced tactile allodynia in von Frey test (ED50 values were 1.5 and 15.4 mg/kg, respectively). None of the test drugs at dose range 0.5–100 mg/kg induced motor deficits in the rotarod test. In immunohistochemical assays repeated doses of pregabalin and LPP1 elevated NGF content. Conclusions: LPP1 has antiallodynic properties and is an interesting lead structure in the search for novel analgesics used in neuropathic pain.