Zeynep Yoldaş

Entomopatojen Funguslar Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) ve Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.)'nin Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)'nın Yumurta ve Larva Dönemlerine Etkisi

omato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is wellknown as a serious pest of tomato crops in Europe and South America. After Europe and Northern Africa, it is currently considered as a key pest in tomato fields in Turkey. Using of pesticides to pests, disease and weeds which are problems in agricultural area causes distortion of natural balance, environmental pollution, direct and indirect adverse effect on human healthy and resistance problems. Thus, investigations on microbial control were begun as an alternative method to chemical control. In this study, effects of preparations of entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) on larvae and egg stages of T. absoluta was investigated. The experiment used the immersion method was conducted with four replicates in laboratory. After application, leaves on which larvae and eggs were laid on blotting paper in order to dry and then they were placed in petri dishes. Dead and survival individuals were taken census at 3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th days. According to statistical analysis of observed data, effect of B. bassiana was 41.67% and 66.67% while effect of M. anisopliae was 91.67% and 100.00% on egg stage of T. absoluta at the end of 7th and 9th days after application. In spite of that, on first larval stage of T. absoluta at the end of 9th day after application, effect of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae were 12.50% and 91.67% respectively. Consequently, this laboratory experiment suggested that M. anisopliae has a potential effect on both egg and first larval stage of T. absoluta but B. bassiana is effective just on egg stage. T T Cihan İNANLI Zeynep YOLDAŞ Ali Kemal BİRGÜCÜ Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, BitkiKoruma Bölümü, 35100 Bornova, İzmir, e-posta: zeynep.yoldas@ege.edu.tr

Ege Bölgesi turunçgillerinde zararlı Aleurothrixus floccosus (M.) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)'un Cales noacki H. (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) ile biyolojik savaş olanaklarının araştırılması

Aleurothrixus floccosus (M.) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), bitki ozsuyunu emerek ve cok yogun tatlimsi madde salgilayarak turuncgil alanlarinda onemli zararlara neden olmaktadir. Ege Bolgesi’nde 1999 yilindan itibaren hizla yayilma egilimine giren bu zararlinin savasinda en etkin dogal dusmani olarak gosterilen Cales noacki H. (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) bircok ulkede basari ile kullanilmaktadir. Parazitoit salimlari ile biyolojik savasinin yapilmamasi durumunda bilincsizce yapilacak kimyasal savas uygulamalarinin dogal dengeyi diger zararlilar acisindan da tamamen bozacagi gercegi dikkate alinarak bu calisma 2002-2003 yillarinda yurutulmustur. Bu calisma kapsaminda; C. noacki’nin kitle uretimi ve destek salim calismalari yapilmis, salim yapilan bahcelerde zararli ve yararlinin populasyon degisimleri izlenmistir. Parazitoitin erken larva parazitoiti olmasi nedeniyle; zararlinin ilk donem larvalarinin goruldugu tarihlerde baslamak uzere Karaburun’da belirlenen bahceye 2002 yilinda toplam 9934 adet, Gumuldur’deki bahceye ise 5233 adet parazitli pupa salimi yapilmistir. Salimlardan sonra parazitlenme orani artmis, her iki bahcede de pamuklu beyazsinek populasyonu parazitoit tarafindan baski altina alinmistir. Sayimlarda C. noacki disinda baska bir parazitoit saptanmamistir. 2002 yilinda parazitoit salimi yapilan bahcelerde yeterli parazitlenmenin oldugu sayimlar sirasinda saptandigindan 2003 yilinda parazitoit salimi yapilmamistir. Ikinci yil calismalara Mugla ilinde zararli ile bulasik turuncgil bahceleri de dahil edilerek C. noacki salimi yapilmistir. Parazitoit salimi yapilan bahcelerde yararli, ilaclama gerekmeyecek duzeyde Turuncgil pamuklu bayazsinegini baski altina almistir.