Zhai Guangjie

Sub-Rayleigh limit imaging via intensity correlation measurements

We demonstrate sub-Rayleigh limit imaging of an object via intensity correlation measurements. The image completely unaffected by the disturbance of diffraction-limit is achieved under the condition that the imaging system has an appropriate field of view. The resolution of this sub-Rayleigh limit imaging system is only tied to the lateral resolution of the illumination light.

Ghost imaging based on Pearson correlation coefficients

Correspondence imaging is a new modality of ghost imaging, which can retrieve a positive/negative image by simple conditional averaging of the reference frames that correspond to relatively large/small values of the total intensity measured at the bucket detector. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate a more rigorous and general approach in which a ghost image is retrieved by calculating a Pearson correlation coefficient between the bucket detector intensity and the brightness at a given pixel of the reference frames, and at the next pixel, and so on. Furthermore, we theoretically provide a statistical interpretation of these two imaging phenomena, and explain how the error depends on the sample size and what kind of distribution the error obeys. According to our analysis, the image signal-to-noise ratio can be greatly improved and the sampling number reduced by means of our new method.

Single-Photon Detection at Telecom Wavelengths

A single-photon detector based on an InGaAs avalanche photodiode has been developed for use at telecom wavelengths. A suitable delay and sampling gate modulation circuit are used to prevent positive and negative transient pulses from influencing the detection of true photon induced avalanches. A monostable trigger circuit eliminates the influence of avalanche peak jitter, and a dead time modulation feedback control circuit decreases the afterpulsing. From performance tests we find that at the optimum operation point, the quantum efficiency is 12% and the dark count rate 1.5 x 10(-6) ns(-1), with a detection rate of 500 kHz.

A Simple System to Measure Superconducting Transition Temperature at High Pressure

A simple hydride system is fabricated to measure the superconducting transition temperature Tc under high pressure using a diamond anvil cell (DAC). The system is designed with centrosymetric coils around the diamond that makes it easy to keep balance between the pick-up coil and the inductance coil, while the superconducting states can be modulated with a low-frequency small external magnetic field. Using the device we successfully obtain the Tc evolution as a function of applied pressure up to 10 GPa for YBa2Cu3O6+δ superconductor single crystal.

Containerless Heating Process of a Deeply Undercooled Metal Droplet by Electrostatic Levitation

We present the containerless heating process of a deeply undercooled metal droplet by electrostatic levitation. The problem of surface charge loss in the heating process is discussed and specific formulas are given to describe the basic process of charge supplement by the photoelectric and thermoelectric effects. The pure metal zirconium is used to be melted and solidified to analyze the heating process. The temperature-time curve clearly shows the features including melting, undercooling, recalescence and solid-state phase transformation.