Zhanna G. Kovalevskaya

Interfacial Adhesion between Thermal Spray Coating and Substrate Achieved by Ultrasonic Finishing

The paper presents a pretreatment of the substrate material prior to the thermal spraying process. The ultrasonic finishing method allowed creation of a rolling topography comprising alternating projections and cavities, compressive stress, and increase of the number of defects on the surface. Optical profilometry and metallographic analysis allowed detecting of adhesion zones which form a strong physicochemical bond at the interface between the coating and the substrate material. This interfacial adhesion should provide a firm adhesion strength in end products.

The Structure of Quaternary Iron-Based Alloy Obtained at High and Ultrahigh Cooling Rates

Influence of Fe-Si-Al-C alloy cooling rate on its phase composition, structure and microhardness is shown based on metallographic investigations, electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction analysis. It was determined that the structure will change from dendrite to grained, size of structure elements will decrease, quantity and size of secondary phases precipitations will decrease when cooling rate changes from 103 to 107 K/s. The metastable phases such as primary ferrite, austenite and complex carbides are formed in cooling rate range. The volume ratio of main phases changes in favor of primary ferrite with cooling rate increasing. Hardening of the material occurs more than twice. Hardening is due to the interaction of solid-solution hardening, grain boundary hardening and dispersive hardening by secondary phases particles. The maximum hardening is achieved during formation of the alloy in molten pool at electron-beam melting. The alloy in this case contains 80 vol. % of austenite with dendrite similar structure and precipitations of carbide and silicocarbide phases. It can be assumed than such structure will be formed from the alloy with investigated composition at additive manufacturing.

Research of surface activating influence on formation of adhesion between gas-thermal coating and steel substrate

Estimation of influence of physical and thermal activating on adhesion between steel substrates and thermal coatings has been performed. The substrates with surfaces obtained by and ultrasonic surface plastic deformation were used. To evaluate physical activating, preheating of the substrates to 600°C was performed. To evaluate the effect of thermal activating, the substrate surfaces after interfacial detachment were examined. Bonded areas on the substrate surfaces were measured by means of optical profilometry. The experiments have shown that surface physical activating is the main factor in formation of the adhesive bond between the coating and the substrate processed with the proposed methods.

Evaluation of Physicomechanical Properties of Ti-45Nb Specimens Obtained by Selective Laser Melting

Porosity, values of nanohardness and Young’s modulus of the specimens obtained with the method of selective laser melting were measured with optical methods, scanning electron microscopy and Nano Hardness Tester NHT-S-AX-000X device for measuring physicomechanical properties. Ti-45wt%Nb powder obtained with mechanical alloying was used for selective laser melting. The results have shown that increased heat input due to the laser power growth up to 80 W and scanning speed decrease down to 40 mm/s decreases the porosity of the specimen. The nanohardness average value is not sensitive to the changes of scanning modes in the investigated range. The Young’s modulus decreases with energy input increase.

The investigation of the influence of formation conditions on the structure of Ti-40Nb alloy

It was determined that there is components segregation in Ti-Nb alloy under electro arc melting and selective laser melting. It leads to two phase formation. The β-phase forms in the areas enriched in Nb. α”-phase forms in the Nb-depleted areas. It is recommended to increase the Nb concentration in the alloy up to 45 wt. % to eliminate heterogeneity of phase and elemental composition.

Research of Adhesion Bonds Between Gas-Thermal Coating and Pre-Modified Base

Nature of adhesive bonds between gas-thermal nickel alloy coating and carbon steel base was examined using laser profilometry, optical metallography, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The steel surface was plastically pre-deformed by an ultrasonic tool. Proved that ultrasound pre-treatment modifies the steel surface. Increase of dislocation density and formation of sub micro-structure are base elements of surface modification. While using high-speed gas-flame, plasma and detonation modes of coatings, surface activation occurs and durable adhesion is formed. Ultrasonic pre-treatment of base material is effective when sprayed particles and base material interact through physical-chemical bond formation. Before applying high-speed gas flame and plasma sprayed coatings, authors recommend ultrasonic pretreatment, which creates periodic wavy topography with a stroke of 250 microns on the steel surface. Before applying detonation sprayed coatings, authors recommend ultrasound pretreatment that create modified surface with a uniform micro-topography.