Zlata Piskáčková

Variability in CNR1 locus influences protein intake and smoking status in the Central-European population

Abstract Objectives The endocannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) is encoded by the CNR1 gene and has been recently recognized to play an important role in the regulation of satiety and feeding behaviour with a huge potential of modulating metabolic response and feeding control. The aim of the study was to investigate the potential of three selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CNR1 locus on native dietary composition in the Central-European Caucasian population. Methods A total of 258 unrelated individuals originating from the Central-European Caucasian population were enrolled into the study and rs1049353, rs12720071, and rs806368 polymorphisms in CNR1 locus were examined in these individuals using PCR-based methodology. Body composition was assessed using a bioimpedance method, various anthropometric parameters were investigated (waist and hip circumference, skin folds), and native dietary composition was analysed using 7-day food records as well as a food frequency questionnaire. Results Allelic variations and common haplotypes in the CNR1 gene were associated with the daily intake of proteins, fluids, and fibre, regardless of the physical activity of the individuals. The common haplotype in the CNR1 gene was associated with self-reported smoking (number of cigarettes per day, smoking years). Discussion Our results indicate that specific genetic variations in the CNR1 gene may act as susceptibility markers for specific dietary composition in the Central-European population.

ZÁVISLOST MEZI DÉLKOU SPÁNKU A KREVNÍM TLAKEM U DOSPĚLÉ POPULACE

Aim: Th e aim of this research was to explore the association between subjectively reported sleep duration and blood pressure (BP). Methods: Th e measured BP values were compared with 7-day records of sleep duration in the population of adults aged 19–72 years (n = 126). Additional information about sleep was obtained through the questionnaire method. Results: Sleep < 6.9 h was associated with a signifi cantly higher diastolic BP (median 90.2 mm Hg) compared to subjects sleeping 7–7.9 h (median 85.0 mm Hg) and > 8 h (mean 83.8 mm Hg), P = 0.006. Th e diastolic blood pressure negatively correlated to a signifi cant extent with sleep duration even when taking into consideration age and BMI (r = –0.22, P = 0.016). Conclusion: Extremely short sleep is a potential risk factor contributing to high blood pressure and hypertension. Suffi cient sleep may play an important role in the prevention of high BP and cardiovascular disease.