Zohra Kurji

To Explore the Experiences of Women on Reasons in Initiating and Maintaining Breastfeeding in Urban Area of Karachi, Pakistan: An Exploratory Study

This is an exploratory study that explores the experiences of lactating women in initiating, continuing, or discontinuing breastfeeding in an urban area of Karachi, Pakistan. Objectives. To explore the experiences of lactating women and to understand their support and hindering mechanisms in initiating and maintaining breastfeeding. Methods. This is an exploratory design assisting in exploring the participants experiences of initiating and maintaining breastfeeding to better understand their world. Purposive sampling was used, and data was analyzed through manual thematic analysis. Results. The data revealed that mothers knowledge, sociocultural environment, breastfeeding decision, and self- and professional support acted as driving forces for the participants. However, sociocultural environment, physiological changes, time management, and being a housewife to breastfeed their children were all challenges and barriers that the participants thought hindered their breastfeeding initiation and maintenance. Conclusion. Breastfeeding is a natural but taxing phenomenon, and breastfeeding mothers experience supporting and hindering factors in initiating and maintaining breastfeeding.

Exploring fathers' role in breastfeeding practices in the urban and semiurban settings of Karachi, Pakistan.

ABSTRACT This study explored fathers’ perceptions about breastfeeding infants. A qualitative exploratory study design was used. Study setting was urban and semiurban areas of Karachi, Pakistan. In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 fathers. The following themes emerged from the data collected: knowledge and awareness and enabling and impeding factors. Most fathers seemed eager to get involved and assist their partners in proper breastfeeding practices because they believed that doing so is in accordance with their faith. Fathers felt that adequate support from their family members and employers could enable them to encourage their partners to initiate and maintain exclusive and optimum breastfeeding practices. Exploring fathers’ perception regarding breastfeeding in the context of Pakistan is still a new field of study.

Can Death of Women during Childbirth be Prevented- an Overview from Transcultural Perspective

Childbirth is an extremely complicated phenomenon and poses many challenges for the new mother. Support system from multiple levels is required for saving the mother and childs lives and achieving a positive outcome. Cultural beliefs play a key role during the antenatal phase. While many beliefs are helpful, there may be a few values and beliefs, which might be even be life-threatening. As healthcare professionals, it is important to understand them in order to provide care and intervene accordingly, in order to save lives. This paper will analyze a case study using transcultural theory.

Challenges of Health Care Providers: Father's Role in Breast Feeding

Breastfeeding mothers require a lot of support in initiating and maintaining breastfeeding.1, 2 Many researchers have confirmed that breast feeding practices have physiological, psychosocial, economic and environmental advantages for children.9, 5 This study is expected to benefit the health provider to support promote and protect breast feeding with regards to challenges they experience while caring for their client. Literature indicates positive associations of breast feeding practices with child health.14 Those babies who receive exclusive breast feeding and optimum feeding are less likely suffer from various health problems. This study will also utilize qualitative method as an inquiry. The focus group provided an avenue to health care providers to share their awareness with regards to breastfeeding, their perspectives on the fathers role and the challenges that they are facing in promoting, protecting and supporting breastfeeding.

Health Care Provider Perception of Father's Role in Breast Feeding Practices

Breastfeeding is identified as the single most effective intervention that could prevent 13–15% of all child deaths.1 6 Those mothers who receive support from health care providers most of the time are determined for protection and promotion of breast feeding for their baby.9 11 12 This study used the qualitative method In addition participants from urban the semi urban areas were also selected from private maternity home and primary health care staff. Purposive sampling was done, 2 Focus Group Discussions were conducted Findings of the FGD demonstrated that healthcare providers were very well aware about the benefits of breast feeding and the risks of formula milk. Nurses also viewed paternity leaves as enabling factors for fathers and mothers for initiating and maintaining exclusive breast feeding practices Many nurses suggested that if they were equipped with ongoing education, they would feel more empowered to encourage the practice.

An Insight to Opportunities Challenges of Health Care System of Developing Country: A Nurse Educator Perspective

Health care system can be defined as the collection of organized linkages of institutions, people and services responding to the health needs of the population. There are strength and challenges of health care system our countrys key health indicators have improved which eventually helps in reducing high mortality and morbidity rates., formation of national health policy, public private partnership and infrastructure development have played a vital step towards improving health of our people. By improving governance and finance in the health sector, the healthcare systems weakness will turn into strength and our country will progress.