Zulma E. Rúgolo de Agrasar

Two New Species of Chusquea (Poaceae, Bambuseae) from Northwestern Argentina

Abstract Chusquea Kunth (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Bambuseae) is the largest bamboo genus in the world. Approximately 13 species of Chusquea occur in the southern Andes of Argentina and Chile and all of them are endemic. In the present work, two new species found in high-altitude grasslands of the Andes mountain range in northwestern Argentina, Chusquea egluma and Chusquea floribunda, are described and illustrated. Morphological and anatomical characters are described and two identification keys for the Andean Chusquea species from northwestern Argentina are provided, one based on morphological characters (vegetative and reproductive), and the other on anatomical characters (culm and leaf epidermis and cross section). The new taxa and related species are compared in tables based on characters of taxonomic value.

Tripogon nicorae, a New Species and Synopsis of Tripogon (Poaceae: Chloridoideae) in America

Abstract Tripogon nicorae Rúgolo & A. S. Vega, a new species from South America, is described and illustrated. A key for the identification of Tripogon species in America is included and a comparative table based on morphology, leaf anatomy, micromorphological features of the spikelets, and ecology. The taxonomic synopsis includes synonymy, geographical distribution and ecology, iconography, vernacular names, and a list of representative specimens examined. Tripogon ekmanii Nicora & Rúgolo is reported for the first time in Uruguay.

A Morphology-Based Cladistic Analysis of Digitaria (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paniceae)

Abstract A phylogenetic analysis was performed on 67 species of Digitaria belonging to four subgenera and 26 of the 32 sections recognized in Henrards monograph. The analysis was based on 113 discrete and six continuous morphological characters. In the resulting topologies the genus Digitaria was monophyletic. In spite of the low support for most groupings, several clades were recovered. The subdivision of Digitaria in the four subgenera proposed by Henrard was not supported since the large subgenus Digitaria appears as a paraphyletic assemblage within which the other three subgenera are nested. Nevertheless, the monophyly of some of Henrards sections was supported. This is the first approach to the phylogeny of Digitaria.

A contribution to the identification of vegetative Andean woody bamboos in southernmost America using leaf anatomy1

Abstract Chusquea Kunth and Rhipidocladum McClure species (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Bambuseae) are the only two genera of woody bamboos whose distributions reach the southernmost portion of the Andes mountain range. The identification of woody bamboos relies mainly on vegetative characters. In the present work, foliage leaf blade anatomy of Andean woody bamboo species occurring in Argentina and neighboring areas is described. Eight species are surveyed: Chusquea culeou E. Desv., C. deficiens Parodi, C. lorentziana Griseb., C. montana Phil., C. quila Kunth, C. valdiviensis Phil., Rhipidocladum neumannii Sulekic, Rúgolo & L. G. Clark and R. racemiflorum (Steud.) McClure. Leaf blade abaxial epidermal and cross section characters of each species are described and an identification key based on anatomical characters is provided. Anatomical evidence that support the idea of C. quila and C. valdiviensis as different species is presented and information on useful characters to distinguish between them is provided. Also, taxonomic position of R. neumannii is determined based on anatomical features. Finally, the taxa studied are compared in tables based on leaf anatomical characters of taxonomic value.

A New Species of Guadua (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Bambuseae) and Synopsis of the Genus in Argentina and Neighboring Regions

Abstract A new species of Merostachys from the Bolivian Yungas, Merostachys yungasensis, is described and illustrated. Merostachys yungasensis is compared to other taxa distributed in Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Peru, in a table based on morphological characters. Additional micromorphological characters of foliage leaf blade and cauline epidermis are included. In Argentina two species are confirmed: M. claussenii and M. multiramea; the latter species constitutes a new report for this country and is excluded from Paraguay. The specific epithet of M. claussenii is emended, and a lectotype is here designated. Two new synonyms are recognized for M. claussenii and its presence is confirmed from Paraguay after an analysis of previous reports based on misidentifications. The taxa are illustrated. A key for the identification of the species, based on vegetative and reproductive characters, is also provided.

Digitaria killeenii (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae), a New Species from Bolivia

Abstract Digitaria killeenii A. S. Vega et Rúgolo, a new species from Bolivia, is described and illustrated. Additional micromorphological characters in the spikelets are also described. The presence of an apical, abaxial pair of stomata on the upper lemma and the presence of occasional brownish hairs on the lower palea constitute the first report in the genus Digitaria. The taxonomic position of D. killeenii is discussed and its inclusion in section Clavipilae (Stapf) Henrard is proposed. A comparative table and some remarks about the related taxa are included. Communicating Editor: Fred Barrie

Culm anatomy: a contribution to the identification of vegetative Andean woody bamboos in southernmost America

SummarySix genera of woody bamboos (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Bambuseae) occur along the Andes, but only two reach the southernmost portion of this mountain range, Chusquea Kunth and Rhipidocladum McClure. In woody bamboos, the identification of new anatomical characters bears a considerable taxonomic significance contributing to the determination of vegetative material. In the present work, culm anatomy of Andean woody bamboo species occurring in Argentina and neighbouring areas is described. Eight species are surveyed: C. culeou E. Desv., C. deficiens Parodi, C. lorentziana Griseb., C. montana Phil., C. quila Kunth, C. valdiviensis Phil., R. neumannii Sulekic, Rúgolo & L. G. Clark and R. racemiflorum (Steud.) McClure. Culm epidermal and cross sectional characters of each species are described and an identification key based on anatomical characters is provided. Culm anatomical characters of C. montana, C. quila and C. valdiviensis are presented for the first time. Also, anatomical evidence that support the idea of C. quila and C. valdiviensis as different species is presented and information on useful characters to distinguish between them is provided. The taxa studied are compared in tables based on culm anatomical characters of taxonomic value.

LECTOTYPIFICATIONS IN TAXA OF THE GENERA CALAMAGROSTIS, DEYEUXIA, AND DIGITARIA (POACEAE)

Se designan aqui los lectotipos de 21 taxones pertenecientes a los generos Calamagrostis Adans., Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. y Digitaria Haller emend. A. S. Vega & Rugolo sobre la base de especimenes y fragmentos obtenidos de material original depositado en los herbarios Berlin-Dahlem (B) y La Molina (MOL).

A New Species of Tarigidia (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paniceae) from Puerto Rico and Additional Evidence for a Hybrid Origin of the Genus

Abstract A new species of Tarigidia from Puerto Rico is described and illustrated. Additional micromorphological characters of the inflorescence and spikelets are included. This species constitutes the first report of the genus Tarigidia in the New World. Tarigidia axelrodii grows together with Anthephora hermaphrodita and Digitaria bicornis, showing intermediate characters. This species gives additional evidence to support Loxtons hypothesis that Tarigidia is derived from hybridization between Anthephora and Digitaria and also supports the phylogenetic hypothesis showing close relationships between Anthephora and Digitaria.

Nuevos taxones para el género Schizachyrium (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) del Noroeste de la Argentina y Bolivia

ResumenDos nuevos taxones, Schizachyrium paucispiculatum y Schizachyrium hatschbachii subsp. saltense, son descritos e ilustrados. Se presentan los caracteres diagnósticos, comentarios taxonómicos y sus relaciones con especies afines.AbstractTwo new taxa, Schizachyrium paucispiculatum and Schizachyrium hatschbachii subsp. saltense, are described and illustrated. Diagnostic characters, taxonomic comments, and discussions of relationships of these taxa with other species are provided.