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From a citizen movement to a ruling party: How did Morena rise step by step?
Since 2018, the Morena party has become the main ruling party in Mexico and is expected to win the presidency again in the 2024 general election. Behind this change lies the dramatic changes in Mexican politics and how the citizens' movement has transformed into a powerful political force. From its founding as a non-profit organization in 2011 to becoming the largest political party today, Morena’s rise is a journey worth exploring in depth.
The establishment of Morena is a positive response to the social movement in Mexico, representing the people's cohesion in their dissatisfaction and calls for reform.
Background
Morena's story dates back to the difficulties faced by Andrés Manuel López Obrador in the 2006 election. The former head of the Mexico City government lost the popular vote amid allegations of electoral fraud. Although the electoral court rejected his appeal, Obrado presented himself as the "legitimate president", an act that put him at odds with the left-wing parties at the time.
Formation and Development
In 2011, Obrador called for the creation of a social and political movement to defend voters' right to vote. The movement was officially established as a civil association on October 2, 2011 and is promoted under the name of Morena. The movement plans to organize "voter defense committees" across the country to monitor for potential election fraud.
The birth of Morena was a gathering of voters who disagreed with the country's governance, which laid the foundation for subsequent political changes.
Formal establishment of political parties
In 2012, at Morena's first national congress, the process of transforming from a private association into a political party was formalized and a national executive committee was elected. The party was registered as a political party in 2014 and participated for the first time in the 2015 legislative elections, winning 35 seats in the House of Representatives. This election has laid a more solid foundation for Morena's development.
2018 Elections
In the 2018 general election, Morena formed an alliance with the Workers' Party (PT) and the Christian Social Party (PES) to form the "Together to Create History" alliance, with Obrado running as the presidential candidate. He won a landslide victory with 53% of the vote, giving Morena a majority in both the Senate and the House of Representatives.
The election of Obrado is not only a victory for Morena, but also symbolizes a severe blow to the traditional political system.
Development after 2018
Since 2018, Morena's influence has continued to expand as the government continues to implement policies. In the 2021 legislative elections, the party again won seats and continued to maintain its dominant position in Congress. In 2024, Claudia Sheinbaum became the first female president of Mexico, which was another important milestone in the party's history.
Ideology and policy direction
Morena describes itself as a democratic left-wing party that advocates respect for human rights, environmental responsibility and support for cultural and gender diversity. The party opposes liberal economic policies since the 1980s and argues that a completely new economic model is needed to address current social problems. Its policies also include supporting women's rights, the rights of the LGBT community and promoting social justice.
Future Outlook
Today, with Morena's strong rise, many people remain vigilant while looking forward to its future reforms. The diversity within the party means that future policy directions may be influenced by various internal voices. As the new government takes office, how will this political party, which once started out as a social movement, respond to the people’s expectations and challenges?
