A. A. Lysenko

Effect of Inorganic and Organosilicon Additives on Pyrolysis of Hydrated Cellulose Fibre Materials

It was found that the use of mixtures of pyrolytic additives has a better effect on pyrolysis of hydrated cellulose fibre materials (HCFM), resulting in an increase in the yield of carbon fibre materials (CFM) and an increase in the strength in comparison to the individual pyrolytic additives. The elevated cross-linking action of organosilicon additive OSC 6 is demonstrated; it increases the strength of CFM when used both individually and combined with other additives. The important possibility of obtaining CFM with a yield controllable in a wide range and strength as a function of the pyrolytic additives is shown.

Polyoxadiazole fibers modified by nano-additives

A method of increasing the oxygen index (OI) of polyoxadiazole fibers by introducing fire retardant nano(micro)-additives into the polymer before the fiber formation is presented. The following additives are studied: dicarboxydiphenyl oxide, brominated and chlorinated phthalocianines, and carbon black. The use of these additives in the amount of 2–5% of the polymer weight in spinning solutions makes it possible to produce fibers with OI of up to 34 % and thermal stability of up to 84%.

Carbon—carbon composites based on precursors obtained by electrostatic spinning

Technical specifics of the preparation and properties of carbon—carbon electrically conductive porous composites were studied. Non-cloth material of ultrafine polyacrylonitrile fibers was used as the filler. It was shown that such composites could be used to fabricate gas-diffusion electrodes of fuel cells.

Derivatographic Studies of the Thermal Behavior of Some Salts

The possibility and necessity of conducting derivatographic studies for obtaining more complete and detailed information on thermal decomposition of some salts are demonstrated. The derivatographic data suggested hypotheses on the mechanisms of action of salts on combustion and carbonization of polymer materials.

Oscillating Character of Adsorption of Iron(III) Ion by Carbon Sorbents

The kinetics of sorption of iron ions from solutions with concentrations of 10 and 250 mg/l by various types of carbon materials was investigated. It was shown that the adsorption curve for an iron ion concentration of 10 mg/l in the solution has an anomalous form. However, if the concentration of the ions in the solutions is increased the oscillations on the curve for the dependence of the sorption capacity on time disappear.

Porous Carbon Absorbents for Oil Products

Environmental contamination by oil products was examined. A method for producing composite absorbents for oil products was proposed. The properties of the obtained composites were studied.

Porous Heat Insulation from Carbon Materials

The major types of carbon materials used for heat insulation in high-temperature furnaces are investigated. Such properties as density and heat conduction and a general scheme of heat insulation manufacture are cited. The effect of carbon residue content and density on the coefficient of thermal conductivity of heat insulating materials, such as carbon-carbon composites, is discussed and it is shown that relative deformation of the materials depends on their density.

Adsorption of Heavy Metals by Activated Carbon Fibres

The kinetics of adsorption of Cu (II), Ni (II), and Fe (II) ions from aqueous solutions by activated carbon and activated oxidized fibres is studied. It is shown that the nature of the kinetics of adsorption of the above-named ions is anomalous and oscillatory. The pattern and degree of adsorption on activated and modified (oxidized) sorbents are compared.

Paper Materials Based on Heat Resistant and Flame Resistant Fiber

Information on technical purpose paper based on heat-resistant synthetic fiber is analyzed. Various methods of production are considered. The properties of the obtained samples of heat-resistant paper are described.

Porous Carbon—Carbon Absorbers for Oil Products

Environmental contamination by oil products was examined. A method for producing a composite for absorption of oil products was proposed. The composite properties were investigated.