A. K. Ariffin

Car Body and Chassis Development of UKM CARevo for Perodua Eco-Challenge 2011

This paper presents the development of the UKM Perodua Eco-Challenge vehicle, CARevo in terms of aesthetic design, novel fabrication of car body and superior chassis design. The objective of the competition was to develop a fuel efficient car which was competent to travel the longest distance using 0.5 liter of RON95 fuel with some rules and regulation verified by the Perodua to be followed. The UKM CARevo was powered by a 660cc fuel injection engine with manual 5-speed transmission with the total of 3450 mm, 1500 mm and 1106 mm for its length, wide and height. Several design such as space frame chassis design, composite bodywork result from fiberglass with resin, aerodynamic design of car body and are the key features that is discussed in this paper.

Monitoring the Petrol Engine Oil Viscosity: Investigation of the Capability of the Metal Magnetic Memory Technology

An engine lubrication system is one of the main factors which influence engine life span, and it can be easily determined based on the viscosity of the engine oil. The current and common technology for monitoring and the determination of the engine oil viscosity using the oil analysis method is found to be uneconomical and ineffective. On the same vein, this paper presents an investigation of the capability of the Metal Magnetic Memory (MMM) technology in the processes of monitoring and detecting the variation of petrol engine lubricant viscosity via in-situ operation. A few investigations were conducted on a Robin Engine 126 cc EX 13D single cylinder of four strokes with water cooling. One multi-grade engine lubricant oil condition has been put to the test; namely, SAE 15W-40. During the investigation of the petrol engine oil viscosity, the magnetic field signal is captured when the engine oil in-service age is 0 km (fresh oil), 250 km, 500 km, 750 km and 1,000 km, with the crankshaft rotational speed of 2500 rpm at three different locations such as at the Bottom Dead Centre (BDC), oil sump A (engine oil inlet), and oil sump B. The lubrication condition in the petrol engine is successfully monitored based on the magnetic field signatures generated by the interaction between the piston surface and the layer of the lubricant during the time when the engine was in operation. The generated MMM signatures were captured using a type 2 scanning device with two ferroprobe sensors and a length measuring sensor and recorded by the TSC-3M-12 type device. The waveform signatures captured were displayed as length domain signal and then were analysed using the MATLAB software to determine the magnetic field energy (EH). In addition, the real viscosity value at room temperature was determined using the Haake Viscotester 6 L, each time after the magnetic field signal was captured. The results of these studies have shown that the magnetic field energy (EH) is inversely proportional to engine oil viscosity. Finally, the MMM technology can be utilised in promoting economic development and effective planning of the maintenance schedule of the petrol engine oil.

Fatigue Crack Growth Prediction of Thick Wall Cylinder under Variable Amplitude Loading

The life prediction information is useful for improving the component design methodology at the early developing stage. Many thick cylinders are subjected to complex cyclic loading spectrum ranging from small vibration to large load induction. This paper presents modeling of fatigue crack growth behavior in thick wall cylinder for outer surface cracked pipe subjected to internal pressure. There are many factors affecting fatigue crack growth such as; crack length, orientation of crack, thickens of the cylinder and the load ratio. Fatigue crack growth as consequence of service loads depends on many different contributing factors. With the help of a simulation fatigue crack growth in three-dimensional structures can either be predicted or explain for already existing failures. The simulation results showed that, more studies on the thick wall cylinder structure need to be performed in order to obtain more accurate fatigue life.

Probabilistic Assessments of the Plate Using Monte Carlo Simulation

This paper presents the probabilistic analysis of the plate with a hole using several multiaxial high cycle fatigue criteria (MHFC). Dang Van, Sines, Crossland criteria were used and von Mises criterion was also considered for comparison purpose. Parametric finite element model of the plate was developed and several important random variable parameters were selected and Latin Hypercube Sampling Monte-Carlo Simulation (LHS-MCS) was used for probabilistic analysis tool. It was found that, different structural reliability and sensitivity factors were obtained using different failure criteria. According to the results multiaxial fatigue criteria are the most significant criteria need to be considered in assessing all the structural behavior especially under complex loadings.