A.M.J. Koonen

Error-free 320 Gb/s SOA-based Wavelength Conversion using Optical Filtering

We demonstrate error-free 320 Gb/s SOA-based optical wavelength conversion. By utilizing optical filtering, an effective recovery time of less than 1.8 ps is achieved in an SOA, which ensures 320 Gb/s operation.

160-Gb/s All-Optical Packet Switching Over a 110-km Field Installed Optical Fiber Link

Demonstration of all-optical packet switching at 160 Gb/s over a total of 110-km field installed optical fiber link is reported. The packet switch architecture is based solely on photonic circuits: an optical filter as label processor, an all-optical flip-flop as memory element and an ultrafast wavelength converter as router. Both flip-flop and wavelength converter uses semiconductor optical amplifiers which allows for photonic integration. The switch operates at low power levels and shows potential scalability. Error-free operation is shown without forward error correction technology.

160-Gb/s All-Optical Packet-Switching With In-Band Filter-Based Label Extraction and a Hybrid-Integrated Optical Flip-Flop

An in-band labeling scheme with filter-based label extraction is employed for very high-speed optical packet-switching. The scheme shows a potentially high scalability, up to 25 labels in a 5-nm bandwidth packet using commercial arrayed waveguide gratings as the label processor. Switching is demonstrated using packets with two different 9-ns labels, 6.4- and 4.6-ns guard times, and 56.8-ns payload at 160 Gb/s. The system uses a tunable optical filter as the label extractor, a hybrid integrated optical flip-flop, and a high-speed semiconductor-optical-amplifier-based wavelength converter. Error-free operation is achieved with acceptable error penalties.

Ultrafast All-Optical Wavelength Routing of Data Packets Utilizing an SOA-Based Wavelength Converter and a Monolithically Integrated Optical Flip–Flop

We demonstrate all-optical wavelength routing of 80 Gb/s data packets without using electronic control. The system consists of an optical wavelength converter and a monolithically integrated optical flip-flop memory. The integrated optical flip-flop is based on two coupled lasers, exhibiting single-mode operation, having a 35 dB contrast ratio between the states, and switching its state in about 2 ns. The wavelength converter is optically controlled by the optical flip-flop. We show that the optical set and reset pulses can force the optical flip-flop to switch its continuous-wave output light between two specific wavelength positions. The output light feeds the wavelength converter, which, in turn, converts the data packet into the flip-flops output wavelength, causing the data packet to be routed into a specific port.

Multistandard Wireless Transmission Over SSMF and Large-Core POF for Access and In-Home Networks

An end-to-end transmission of coexisting multistandard radio (LTE, WiMAX, and UWB) signals is demonstrated for the first time with the transmission over a combined access and in-home networks consisting of 25-km SSMF, 25-m large-core diameter polymethylmethacrylate graded-index plastic optical fiber link and 1-m wireless. The residential gateway includes O-E-O conversion to connect the access and in-home parts of the networks. This letter demonstrates a fully integrated radio signal distribution scenario from the central station to the end-user personal area networks.

Current Status and Prospects of Photonic IC Technology

The most complex photonic ICs today have been developed for WDM applications. An overview of the most important integration technologies will be given and recent developments towards broader applications and higher integration densities will be discussed.

A DPSK Receiver With Enhanced CD Tolerance Through Optimized Demodulation and MLSE

We experimentally demonstrate that a differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) receiver employing a Mach-Zehnder delay interferometer (MZDI) with a bit delay of less than one bit combined with maximum likelihood sequence estimation can considerably enhance the tolerance to chromatic dispersion (CD). Furthermore, we analyze the impact of sampling phase and optimize the MZDI bit delay for 10.7-Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ)-DPSK demodulation. Our investigation shows that a 4000-ps/nm CD tolerance at 2-dB penalty is feasible for 10.7-Gb/s NRZ-DPSK.

Lensed Fiber-Array Assembly With Individual Fiber Fine Positioning in the Submicrometer Range

An innovative design is presented enabling fine positioning of each individual fiber in a fiber array used in multiinput- and multioutput-port photonic integrated circuits. Hence, the coupling efficiency of lensed fiber arrays can be improved by eliminating the eccentricities of the lenses deposited on the individual fibers and the inaccuracies of the supporting V-groove substrates. In preparation, four different types of commercially available lensed fibers are characterized and coupling efficiencies to InP-based waveguides are determined in order to select the best applicable fibers for the array. The final fiber-tip position accuracy is within plusmn0.25 mum and this design is based on metal deformation by laser-welding-induced local heat. With this technique, laser-supported adjustment is possible, allowing the opportunity of fine-tuning the fiber-tip position of already secured parts in the subassembly. Owing to the accurate fiber-tip position and the assembly of the array with selected lensed fibers, coupling efficiencies of -2.9 to -3.5 dB are simultaneously measured for four fibers to InP-based waveguides with physical dimensions of 3 mum times0.6 mum. To compare these results, the performance of different types of regular, commercially available fiber arrays, whereby the fibers are mounted on silicon V-groove substrates, are determined. In contrast, the measured coupling efficiencies are of the order of -5.2 to -7.8 dB using similar InP-based waveguides

Orthogonal En/Decoders for Truly Asynchronous Spectral Amplitude Encoded OCDMA

In this paper, theoretical results are presented on the modular construction of orthogonal tree and cascade encoders/decoders of any size for truly asynchronous and cost-efficient spectral amplitude encoded OCDMA on a passive optical network. Three modular building blocks are proposed and described in detail. The tree structure is introduced that enables parallel code processing with a single device. The orthogonality of the code set is evaluated whereafter a revised construction method is proposed. Analysis and simulation confirm that a tree constructed via this method is orthogonal.

Hybrid Radio-Over-Fiber and OCDMA Architecture for Fiber to the Personal Area Network

The future communication needs of network subscribers demand a broadband optical access tier that supports user mobility in a heterogeneous landscape of wireless networks. A hybrid architecture is proposed in this paper where high-frequency wireless data communication is enabled via a combination of optical code and radio-over-fiber techniques. The feasibility is confirmed by simulations in case of two spectrally-efficient modulation formats at a 1-Gb/s throughput.