A. N. de Medeiros

Carcass traits and meat quality of crossbred Boer goats fed peanut cake as a substitute for soybean meal

This study aimed to determine the impact of replacing soybean meal with peanut cake in the diets of crossbred Boer goats as determined by carcass characteristics and quality and by the fatty acid profile of meat. Forty vaccinated and dewormed crossbred Boer goats were used. Goats had an average age of 5 mo and an average BW of 15.6 ± 2.7 kg. Goats were fed Tifton-85 hay and a concentrate consisting of corn bran, soybean meal, and mineral premix. Peanut cake was substituted for soybean meal at levels of 0.0, 33.33, 66.67, and 100%. Biometric and carcass morphometric measurements of crossbred Boer goats were not affected by replacing soybean meal with peanut cake in the diet. There was no influence of the replacement of soybean meal with peanut cake on weight at slaughter ( = 0.28), HCW ( = 0.26), cold carcass weight ( = 0.23), noncarcass components of weight ( = 0.71), or muscularity index values ( = 0.11). However, regression equations indicated that there would be a reduction of 18 and 11% for loin eye area and muscle:bone ratio, respectively, between the treatment without peanut cake and the treatment with total soybean meal replacement. The weights and yields of the commercial cuts were not affected ( > 0.05) by replacing soybean meal with peanut cake in the diet. Replacing soybean meal with peanut cake did not affect the pH ( = 0.79), color index ( > 0.05), and chemical composition ( > 0.05) of the meat (). However, a quadratic trend for the ash content was observed with peanut cake inclusion in the diet ( = 0.09). Peanut cake inclusion in the diet did not affect the concentrations of the sum of SFA ( = 0.29), the sum of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA; = 0.29), or the sum of PUFA ( = 0.97) or the SFA:UFA ratio ( = 0.23) in goat meat. However, there was a linear decrease ( = 0.01) in the sum of odd-chain fatty acids in the meat with increasing peanut cake in the diet. Soybean meal replacement with peanut cake did not affect the n-6:n-3 ratio ( = 0.13) or the medium-chain fatty acid ( = 0.76), long-chain fatty acid ( = 0.74), or atherogenicity index values ( = 0.60) in the meat. The sensory attributes of the longissimus lumborum did not differ with the inclusion of peanut cake in the diet as a replacement for soybean meal. These results suggest that based on carcass and meat characteristics, peanut cake can completely substitute soybean meal in the diet of crossbred Boer goats.

Efeito do feno de flor-de-seda sobre a carcaça e constituintes corporais de cordeiros Morada Nova

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of silk flower (Calotropis procera SW) hay in 32 castrate male lambs of Morada Nova breed, in feedlot, fed with diets containing 0.0, 15.0, 30.0, and 45.0% of silk flower hay (SFH). The animals (12.72±1.99 kg BW) were slaughtered at 19.29±2.25 kg BW. A completely randomized design, with four diets and eigth replicates, was used. Increasing SFH levels reduced carcass confor- mation (2.31, 2.58, 2.17 and 1.81 points), leg perimeter (33.38, 32.17, 32.17, 30.00 cm), carcass compacity (live weigth/carcass length) (0.18, 0.18, 0.17, 0.15 cm), corrected half carcass weight (4.52, 4.63, 4.43, 3.69 kg), loin weight (0.66, 0.69, 0.64, 0.50 kg), shoulder weight (0.83, 0.86, 0.80, 0.67 kg) and rib weight (1.13, 1.09, 1.05, 0.84 kg), while there was a linear increase in leg weight (30.98, 30.81, 31.60, 34.47 kg) and mesenteric fat percentage (1.02, 0.65, 1.17, 1.42%). Increasing dietary levels of SFH to lambs affected carcass measurements and carcass yield, retail cuts and non-carcass components. It is thought that the inclusion of 30% of SFH in the diet is excellent for the maintenance of carcass characteristics in regions where there is access to this fodder plant.

FAT COMPONENTS FROM PRECOOKED “BUCHADA”: AN EDIBLE GOAT MEAT BY-PRODUCT COMPONENTES DE LA GRASA DE “BUCHADA” PRECOCIDA: UN SUBPRODUCTO COMESTIBLE DE LA CARNE DE CABRA

Abstract Total fat, phospholipid, cholesterol and fatty acid profile were determined for an edible goat meat by-products, named «Buchada», mainly composed by red and white visceras and blood. Such products, which have a large acceptance in Latin-American countries, appeared as one of the alternatives for a better yield of edible meat goat by-products. Five formulations elaborated with visceras and goat blood, all edible meat by-products were analysed. Total fat, total cholesterol and total phospholipids contents were high in the edible goat meat by-products, ranged from 70 to 160 g/kg; 1700 to 1940 mg/kg; 70 to 140 mg/kg, respectively. Fatty acids composition showed «buchada» contained mostly stearic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, and low levels of unsaturated fatty acids. Since it presents high levels of fat, cholesterol and saturated fatty acids, its consumption must be monitored for people submitted to diet with fat restriction. Resumen Se determinó la grasa total, fosfolípidos, colesterol y perfil de ácidos grasos para un subrpducto comestible de la carne de cabra llamado «Buchada». Esta compuesto principalmente por sangre y vísceras rojas y blancas. Este producto, el cual tiene mucha aceptación en los países de Latinoamérica, representa una alternativa para mejorar el rendimiento de los subproductos de la carne de cabra. Se analizaron cinco formulaciones de subproductos comestibles a base de vísceras y sangre de cabra. El contenido de grasa total, colesterol total y fosfolípidos totales fueron altos en los subproductos comestibles de la carne de cabra, variando de 70 a 160 g/kg; 1700 a 1940 mg/kg; 70 a 140 mg/kg, respectivamente. La composición de ácidos grasos demostró que la buchada contenía principalmente acido esteárico, oleico y palmitito, así como bajos niveles de ácidos grasos insaturados. Ya que se encontraron altos niveles de grasa, colesterol y ácidos grasos saturados, su consumo debe ser monitoreado para las personas con dietas restringidas en grasa. Palabras clave: Vísceras de cabra, lípidos, ácidos grasos, colesterol, subproductos

Características de carcaça de ovinos alimentados com subproduto da goiaba

It was evaluated the carcass characteristics of 40 sheeps of Santa Ines breed, uncastrated, with initial average weight of 17.41 ± 1.27 kg and average age of 120 days and slaughtered with body weight of 32 kg or 105 days of confinement. The animals were placed in individual stalls and fed with diets containing increasing levels (0, 20, 40 and 60 %) of corn replacement by guava agroindustrial by-product. It was used the lineation completely at random with four treatments and ten repetitions. It occurred a diet effect over the weight and the percentage of carcasses and retail cuts. The replacement of 60 % of corn by guava agroindustrial by-product provided smaller hot carcass weight (11.91 kg) and cold carcass (11.81 kg), lower hot carcass yield (42.08 %) and cold carcass weight (41.72 %), lower rib eye area (9.94 cm2), and muscle (0.33 g/cm), and higher content of gastrointestinal tract (7.43 kg). It is estimated that the inclusion of up to 40 % of guava agroindustrial by-product in the diet replacing the corn is relevant to attaining carcasses with characteristics appropriate to the consumer market, especially where this food resource is available.