A.P. Chaudhry

Chondrogenic tumors of the jaws.

Abstract 1. 1. Chondrogenic tumors of the jaws are extremely uncommon as is evident from the small number of cases reported in the literature. 2. 2. According to the literature reviewed, chondrogenic tumors appear to be more often malignant than benign when occurring in the jaws. Thirty-six cases of chondrosarcoma have been reported, as compared to eighteen cases of benign cartilaginous tumors. 3. 3. The histologic differentiation between benign and malignant chondrogenic tumors does not often accurately predict the conduct of the tumor and, therefore, 20 per cent of the cases reported in the literature were inadvertently underdiagnosed at the first microscopic interpretation. 4. 4. When benign, chondrogenic tumors grow very slowly, are locally invasive, difficult to remove completely and, therefore, are apt to recur. It is feasible that some of them, after long periods of time, may undergo malignant transformation. 5. 5. Chondrogenic tumors occur with almost equal frequency in the maxilla and mandible. In the maxilla, the most common site of involvement is the anterior alveolar region. In the mandible, the pre-molar and molar regions, the symphysis and the coronoid and condylar processes may be involved. 6. 6. The average age of patients with chondrosarcomas of the jaws (thirty-six cases) is approximately forty years. Eighty per cent of the cases occurred from the third to the sixth decades with the highest incidence in the third and fifth decades. (Fig. 10.) 7. 7. Chondrogenic tumors showed no racial predilection in the reported cases. However, both cases discussed in detail in this paper occurred in Negroes. 8. 8. Chondrosarcomas of the jaws seem to offer a more serious prognosis than osteogenic sarcomas. The five year survival rate in chondrosarcomas of the jaws appears to be much lower than the 31 per cent reported by Kragh [21] in osteogenic sarcomas. 9. 9. Radical surgical treatment appears to be the method of choice. Radiation therapy may be used as an adjunct in recurrences and as a form of palliation.

Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum (adenolymphoma); a review of the literature.

Abstract Detailed clinical and histopathologic aspects of 357 cases of papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum have been reviewed. The neoplasm is found only in the parotid gland or in its immediate environs. It is most commonly located posterior to the angle of the mandible or in front of the lobule of the ear. Like other benign neoplasms it is usually well defined, grows slowly without causing any symptoms and is freely movable. It is five times more common in males than in females. It chiefly affects individuals between forty-one and seventy years of age, with the highest incidence in the sixth decade. The neoplasm is most commonly found in the white population. Cases have been reported in 4 Japanese, 3 Egyptians, an East Indian and an African Negro but none in the American Negro. The neoplasm is apt to recur when incompletely removed or when present in multicentric foci. Surgery affords an adequate method of treatment. Radiation is of no value. Of several theories concerning the histogenesis, the most satisfactory and well substantiated is that the neoplasm originates from heterotopic salivary tissue enclosed in preparotid lymph nodes.

Carcinoma of the antrum: a clinical and histopathologic study.

Abstract 1. 1. Carcinoma of the maxillary antrum is twice as common in men as in women. The highest incidence is in the sixth to eighth decades of life. The average age of patients in our series was 64 years. 2. 2. The most common sign of antral malignancy is swelling around the eye, nose, and cheek. Next, in order of their frequency, are nasal, oral, neurological, and ocular symptoms. 3. 3. In over 25 per cent of the patients, initial signs and symptoms appear in the oral cavity and may call for consultation with a dentist. 4. 4. Due to the asymptomatic nature of the disease in its early stages, in the majority of cases diagnosis is not made until the disease is advanced. Upon admission, 88 per cent of the patients demonstrated roentgenologic evidence of destruction of one or more bony walls of the antrum. 5. 5. Metastases are not as infrequent as is generally believed. In the present series, 17 per cent of the patients had lymph node involvement, and 7 per cent had generalized metastases. 6. 6. There were fifty cases of epidermoid carcinoma, and only two were of the cylindroma variety. 7. 7. Of fifty-two patients, three died of postoperative complications. Among the remaining forty-nine patients, five (10 per cent) lived for more than five years and eight (15 per cent) lived for three years.

Odontogenesis imperfecta: Report of a case

Abstract An authentic case of odontogenesis imperfecta in a 7-year-old white girl has been discussed. The cause of the disease is not definitely known. No environmental factors could be linked with the anomaly. Similarly, no genetic background could be established from the limited data available.

Scientific paperPapillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum (Adenolymphoma): A review of the literature

Abstract Detailed clinical and histopathologic aspects of 357 cases of papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum have been reviewed. The neoplasm is found only in the parotid gland or in its immediate environs. It is most commonly located posterior to the angle of the mandible or in front of the lobule of the ear. Like other benign neoplasms it is usually well defined, grows slowly without causing any symptoms and is freely movable. It is five times more common in males than in females. It chiefly affects individuals between forty-one and seventy years of age, with the highest incidence in the sixth decade. The neoplasm is most commonly found in the white population. Cases have been reported in 4 Japanese, 3 Egyptians, an East Indian and an African Negro but none in the American Negro. The neoplasm is apt to recur when incompletely removed or when present in multicentric foci. Surgery affords an adequate method of treatment. Radiation is of no value. Of several theories concerning the histogenesis, the most satisfactory and well substantiated is that the neoplasm originates from heterotopic salivary tissue enclosed in preparotid lymph nodes.

The oral pathology of domesticated animals

Abstract We have reviewed 103 successive14 biopsied oral lesions obtained from ninety dogs, six cows, five cats, one sheep, and one horse. These lesions include both neoplastic and nonneoplastic diseases. Among the nonneoplastic group we encountered cases of pyogenic granuloma, actinomycosis, eosinophilic granuloma, and bovine hyperkeratosis. The benign neoplastic lesions found in this series were fibromatous epulis of periodontal origin, canine oral papillomatosis, sebaceous adenoma, hemangiopericytoma, osteoma, and ameloblastic odontoma. The most common malignant neoplasm found in this series was melanoma in dogs, in contrast to squamous-cell carcinoma observed by Withers and Cotchin in their surveys. Other malignant neoplasms found in different animals were squamous-cell carcinoma, basal-cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma of the minor salivary glands, mast-cell tumor, fibrosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and lymphoblastoma. The incidence, clinical features, and the macro- and microscopic natures of all these lesions have been discussed in detail.

Papillary cystadenoma of minor salivary gland origin: Report of a case

P APILLARP cystadcnoma of the minor salivary glands is a very uncommon neopla,sm. Xkorpil,l on reviewing the literature in 1941, found only eight cases of papillary cystadenoma of the salivary glands, including two of minor salivary gland origin. Of these, one occurred in the tonsillar region and the other in the soft palate. Subsequently, ca,ses of papillary cystadenoma arising from minor salivary glands, have been reported by Stout,2 Hoboek,3 Castigliano and Gold,4 Vellios and Davidson5 and Brooks and associates” for a total of eight cases, to which we now add another. The ava,ilable clinical data from nine cases have been summarized in Table I.

Craniofacial dysostosis, patent ductus arteriosus, hypertrichosis, hypoplasia of labia majora, dental and eye anomalies—a new syndrome?

Summary Two cases are described which present craniofacial dysostosis, patent ductus arteriosus, hypoplasia of the labia majora, and dental anomalies. The relationship of the new syndrome to that of other well-recognized symptom complexes and the dubious value of grouping a large number of etiologically different conditions under the “first arch syndrome” are discussed.

Experimental Carcinogenesis in Submandibular Glands of Hamsters

The literature concerning experimental induction of tumors in salivary glands of animals has been recently reviewed by Standish.1 Steiner2 conducted the first well-planned investigation into the comparative pathology of induced tumors of the salivary glands in different animals. By employing hydrocarbon carcinogens like methylcholanthrene, 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene, and 3,4,-benzpyrene in the form of pellets, he was able to induce metaplasia of the glandular epithelium, epidermoid cysts, squamous-cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma. He found that methylcholanthrene produced more sarcomas and a greater variety of mixed tumors in mice than did dibenzanthracene. Bauer and Byrne,3 using the same type of carcinogens and the same method of administration, were also able to produce epithelial malignant tumors. Standish studied histologically the evolvement of these tumors. His findings were similar to those of Steiner. He also noted that methylcholanthrene induced sarcomas more frequently than did 7:12 dimethylbenz (a) anthracene. The present investigation was undertaken to study the effects of a single injection of a hydrocarbon carcinogen on the different tissue components of salivary glands and the subsequent tumor formation. Furthermore, it is to be used as a tool for future investigations for the understanding of some of the intricate mechanisms underlying cancer in general. The experimental analysis was concerned with (1) the histopathologic changes in the submandibular glands at certain slated time intervals following a single injection of a hydrocarbon carcinogen; (2) the effects of different concentrations of a carcinogen injection on the number of tumors induced; and (3) the effects of the animal age on the tumor yield.

Oral lesions accompanying pachyonychia congenita.

Abstract A case of pachyonychia congenita, with characteristic gross and microscopic oral changes, has been presented.