A. S. Samsudin

Structural and Electrical Properties of Carboxy Methylcellulose-Dodecyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide-Based Biopolymer Electrolytes System

Biopolymer electrolyte films based on carboxy methylcellulose (CMC) complexed with dodecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) salt with compositions between 5 and 40 wt.% have been prepared using the solution cast method as a possible proton-conducting polymer electrolyte system. The polymer–salt complex formation and the polymer–proton interactions have been analyzed. Electrical properties have been measured as a function of composition and temperature using complex impedance spectroscopy and exhibited the highest room temperature conductivity of 10−4 Scm−1. A small polaron hopping (SPH) model has been found to be most appropriate for fitting the experimental conductivity data.

Natural Polymer Electrolyte System Based on Sago: Structural and Transport Behavior Characteristics

The development of natural polymer electrolytes (NPEs) based on sago was accomplished in this work by incorporating NH4Br via the solution-casting method. The polymer-salt complex formation and ionic conduction of the NPEs were analyzed by FT-IR and impedance measurement studies. The highest ionic conductivity for the sago-based NPE system at room temperature is 6.90 × 10−9 Scm−1. In addition, the temperature-dependent ionic conductivity of the NPE system obeys the Arrhenius rule. It was shown that the conducting species in this present work is predominantly due to proton (H+), which was confirmed via FT-IR analysis.

Conductivity and Transport Properties Study of Plasticized Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Based Solid Biopolymer Electrolytes (SBE)

Solid biopolymer electrolytes (SBE) comprising carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with NH4Br-EC were prepared by solution casting method. The samples were characterized by impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and sample containing 25wt. % of NH4Br exhibited the highest room temperature conductivity of 1.12 x 10-4 S/cm for salted CMC based SBE system. The ionic conductivity increased to 3.31 x 10-3 S/cm when 8 wt. % of ethylene carbonate (EC) was added to the highest conductivity. The conductivity-temperature of plasticized SBE system obeys the Arrhenius relation where the ionic conductivity increases with temperature. The influence of EC addition on unplasticized CMC based SBE was found to be dependent on the number and the mobility of the ions. This results revealed that the influence of plasticizer (EC) which was confirmed play the significant role in enhancement of ionic conductivity for SBE system.

Ionic Conduction Behavior of CMC Based Green Polymer Electrolytes

The present work deals with the findings on the ionic conduction behavior based on ethylene carbonate (EC) as plasticizer in carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) – dodecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) for green polymer electrolytes (GPEs) that were prepared via solution casting technique. The highest ionic conductivity obtained for CMC-DTAB film was 7.72 x 10-4 S/cm and enhanced to 2.37 x 10-3 S/cm with addition 10wt. % of EC. The conductivity-temperature of GPEs system obeys the Arrhenius relation where the ionic conductivity increases with temperature. The temperature dependence of the power law exponent for plasticized CMC-DTAB based GPEs system follows the quantum mechanical tunneling (QMT) model for conduction mechanism.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrobenzoylthiourea Derivatives as Potential Conductive Biodegradable Thin Films

Abstract The application of thiourea derivatives as conjugated molecular wire candidates in the field of material sciences has attracted great attention recently. To date, conjugated thiourea systems as molecular wires are surprisingly unexplored although the well-known rigid π-systems promise a wide range of electronic properties. Due to this matter, five novel thiourea derivatives A-ArC(O)NHC(S)NHAr-D with polar head and tail groups, namely NO2 (acceptor A) and alkoxy with varying chain lengths (donor D = OCnH2n+1, n = 6, 7, 8, 9, 10), were successfully synthesized and characterized. All compounds were characterized by IR, UV-vis, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and CHNS elemental microanalysis. The investigation of their potential as dopant systems in polymer conducting films has been accomplished by incorporating of chitosan via the solution casting technique. The conductivity values were obtained using impedance spectroscopy. They show that the ionic conductivities of the N-(4-alkoxyphenyl)-N’-(4-nitrobenzoyl)thioureas increase with increasing chain length of the alkoxy chain. The compounds exhibit great potential for the exploration of future applications as doping systems in conductive materials. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Conductive biodegradable film of N-octyloxyphenyl-N′-(4-methylbenzoyl)thiourea

Thiourea derivatives are versatile family of ligands which provides wide range of electronic properties since they consist of rigid π-systems on their structures. In this work, a new type of thiourea compound with general formula Me-C6H4C(O)NHC(S)NHC6H4-OC8H17 of N′-(4-methylbenzoyl)thiourea (MBTU) was successfully synthesised and characterized by using NMR, FTIR and UV–vis analysis. The development of new conductive biodegradable film based on MBTU has been accomplished by incorporating chitosan to the polymer-dopant system via solution-cast technique. The impedance measurement technique was employed to determine conductivity of biodegradable film. It shows that, with the addition of MBTU, the increasing of conductivity is from 10−9 to 10−8 Scm−1. TNM results show that the conductivity of biodegradable film is governed by electronic conducting species. It is proven that MBTU compound exhibits promise and has great potential to be explored and used as doping system in conductive materials application in the future.

Investigation of a Biodegradable Polymer Electrolytes Based on Carboxy Methylcellulose and Its Potential Application in Solid-State Batteries

The increasing interest in green energy storage materials for electrochemical devices with the development of polymer as electrolytes candidate has attracted great attention recently. It can offer a number of high-value opportunities, provided that lower costs can be obtained besides environmental friendly. Due to this attention, the development of biodegradable polymer electrolytes (BPEs) has been accomplished in this work by incorporating various composition of dodecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) with carboxy methylcellulose (CMC) via solution casting method. The highest ionic conductivity of the BPEs obtained at room temperature is 7.72 x 10-4 S cm-1. The solid-state battery were fabricated with the configuration of Zn + ZnSO4.7H2O | BPEs | MnO2 for the highest conductivity. The open-circuit voltage (OCV) of the fabricated battery with the best performance is 1.33 V at ambient temperature. The performance of the battery at ambient and selected temperature is evaluated to ascertain the effective and viability of these BPEs in solid-state batteries.

Contribution of Methyl Substituent on the Conductivity Properties and Behaviour of CMC-Alkoxy Thiourea Polymer Electrolyte

An essentially linear conjugated thiourea system provides wide range of electronic properties as they consist of rigid π-systems on their structures. This study reported the synthetic, characterization and theoretical evaluation of molecular wire candidate bearing alkoxy thiourea derivative featuring methylbenzene head group. It was applied as dopant in Carboxymethyl-Cellulose (CMC) solution in order to form a conductive biodegradable thin film. According to the conductivity result, the developed system can be developed as electrical conductor as proven via both experimental and theoretical studies. Therefore, this type of A-ArC(O)NHC(S)NHAr-D molecular framework has opened wide possibilities to be applied in many micro-electronic application devices.