Ab. Saman Abd. Kader

Macro algae species and their potential application as raw material for biotech products

-1 AgNO3, and further increase in the concentration of AgNO 3 decreased the shoot production and shoot length. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of various concentrations (0, 10. 30, 50, 100, 200 mg L -1 ) of putrescine on shoot regeneration and shoot length. The highest number of shoots (7.4 ± 0.8) and longest shoots (2.2 ± 0.1 cm) were observed in cultures supplemented with 50 mg L -1 putrescine and further increase in concentration reduced the shoot regeneration and elongation. Our present study suggested that the addition of ethylene inhibitor AgNO 3 and polyamine putrescine could be applied in micropropagation and plant transformation protocols of P. tinctorium.

Water Quality Test and Site Selection for Suitable Species for Seaweed Farm in East Coast of Malaysia

Production of microbial aromatic compounds by solid-state fermentation is increasing lately, due to the ability of microbial to use agro-industrial wastes as their substrates. The aim of this research was to know potential of aromatic compounds production by solid-state fermentation of Trichoderma viridae in Pandanus tectorius fruits. To prepare the substrates, basal mesocarp part of fruits were cut, juiced, pulps were dried and grinded until reached fine particle size. Fermentations were carried out in 250 mL flasks with 108 fungal spores/mL, pH 6.0, 76,6 % (w/v) moistures at 30°C for 10 days. Aromatic compounds resulted from SSF were then analyzed using GC/MS. Results showed that Pandanus tectorius fruits contained total sugars 13,015%, proteins 3%, lipids 1,39% and moisture content were 76,6%. This low sugars content in substrates seemed to be the main factor of Trichoderma viridae slow growth. There were 17 peaks of aromatic compounds detected in GC/MS, consisted of alkenes hydrocarbons (tetradecane, tertracosane, tetracosahexaene, pentadecane, hexacosane, heptadecane, and octadecane), alcohol (phenol), amide (9-octacenamide) and monoterpene aldehid (9-octadecenal). Therefore the fermentation conditions need to be further optimized to make better growth for fungi and higher aromatic compounds production.