Abelardo Arango

Colloid versus crystalloid resuscitation in experimental bowel obstruction

The physiologic effects of fluid resuscitation were studied in 20 piglets with advanced small bowel obstruction. Two solutions were compared: 5% albumin in normal saline and normal saline. Animals resuscitated with albumin-containing solution showed higher serum colloid oncotic pressure, greater loss of peritoneal fluid, lower urine output, and progression of muscular dehydration, when compared to animals resuscitated with similar volumes of normal saline solution.

The neonatal response to massive fluid infusion

Abstract Twenty newborn puppies 0 to 7 days of age had continuous intravenous infusions of normal saline or 5% dextrose in water until death. The survival time and the volume of fluid tolerated was greater with normal saline than dextrose in water. Massive edema developed in both groups of animals. The hemodynamic responses were similar but changes in the blood and urine differed. When the animals received saline solution, urine sodium concentration exceeded serum levels. The newborn puppy has a great tolerance to intravenous infusion and is able to respond with an increase in urine flow.

The Choice of Intravenous Fluid in Shock Resuscitation

Shock in the pediatric patient is usually the result of severe trauma and concomitant blood loss. The cornerstone of treatment remains quick replacement of lost volume but controversy still persists regarding the ideal solution. This article discusses current concepts and recent advances in the treatment of shock with balanced salt solution (Ringer’s lactate) and colloid-containing infusions (5 per cent albumin), or plasma as they apply to the pediatric patient.