Abu Bakar Shahriman

Internal air flow analysis of a bladeless micro aerial vehicle hemisphere body using computational fluid dynamic

This paper explain the analysis of internal air flow velocity of a bladeless vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) Micro Aerial Vehicle (MAV) hemisphere body. In mechanical design, before produce a prototype model, several analyses should be done to ensure the products effectiveness and efficiency. There are two types of analysis method can be done in mechanical design; mathematical modeling and computational fluid dynamic. In this analysis, I used computational fluid dynamic (CFD) by using SolidWorks Flow Simulation software. The idea came through to overcome the problem of ordinary quadrotor UAV which has larger size due to using four rotors and the propellers are exposed to environment. The bladeless MAV body is designed to protect all electronic parts, which means it can be used in rainy condition. It also has been made to increase the thrust produced by the ducted propeller compare to exposed propeller. From the analysis result, the air flow velocity at the ducted area increased to twice the inlet air...

Base fluid in improving heat transfer for EV car battery

This study examined the effects of base fluid (as coolants) channeling inside the heat exchanger in the process of the increase in thermal conductivity between EV car battery and the heat exchanger. The analysis showed that secondary cooling system by means of water has advantages in improving the heat transfer process and reducing the electric power loss on the form of thermal energy from batteries. This leads to the increase in the efficiency of the EV car battery, hence also positively reflecting the performance of the EV car. The present work, analysis is performed to assess the design and use of heat exchanger in increasing the performance efficiency of the EV car battery. This provides a preface to the use this design for nano-fluids which increase and improve from heat transfer.

Analysis of Human Behavior During Braking for Autonomous Electric Vehicles

Nowadays, the development of modern technologies in the transportation area has increased rapidly. The latest technology is focused on autonomous vehicles. The most important aspect in autonomous vehicle control systems is safety, smooth operation and comfort. It can be provided by the natural element which is from human behavior as a reference to the autonomous control system. This paper is briefly describing the human behavior during braking for autonomous electric vehicle (AEV) control system development. To obtain the human behaviour during accelerating and braking, two units of angle sensors were installed to the accelerator and brake pedal of an electric car to measure the angle of both pedals. Real-time speed is recorded by using a GPS unit. The experiment is focused on braking characteristic of the electric vehicle. It was carried out based on four different distances with fixed initial speed before braking action was recorded. A software interface was designed to display and control real-time speed and pedal angle value during operation.

The effect of alkaline treatments soaking time on oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fibre structure

The primary objective of this work was to study the effect of different soaking time in an alkaline solution for oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fibre. For this purpose, the OPEFB fibres were treated with the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 5% concentration for ½ hour, 1-hour, 3-hour, 5-hour, 7-hour and 24-hours. The single tests of treated and untreated fibre were then performed in accordance with the ASTM D3822-07 standard. Next, the surfaces of the fibres prior and after the treatment were observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) TM3000. The result shows that at 7 hours of soaking time exhibits the highest tensile strength compared to the other soaking time and untreated fibre.

Review on application CuO/distilled water & Al2O3/distilled water for enhancement heat transfer characteristics in cooling systems

The brief review is made by considering various thermo-physical properties such as thermal conductivity, density, dynamic viscosity and specific heat which govern the Copper Oxide (CuO) and Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticle based nano-fluids; and its applications in the literatures. This paper also summarize the technique used for preparation of stable nano-fluids. Most effort is taken to account the contributions of various experimental and numerical studies available in literature on two types of (CuO) and (Al2O3) nanoparticle on heat transfer performances and preparation of stable nano-fluids. However, there are many challenges and issues of nano-fluids that need to be addressed by using more experimental applications.

Recognition of objects by grasping force using Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA)

A low cost dataglove system is developed by designing a glove equipped with Force Sensing Resistor (FSR) on to the thumb, index and middle finger, named as GloveMAP. The system involves the finger movements with some of grasping activities to investigate the force exerted on the fingertips during grasping five different shapes of objects with same weight. The output forces obtained from the experiment are then analyzed by finding the features of force objects grasping. Linear Discriminat Analysis (LDA) is used as classifier to process the features information of grasping force. The final result of the recognition rate for cylinder, rectangular, spherical, planar and disc objects are 87.5%, 90%, 85%, 92% and 95% respectively.

Energy conservation and management system using efficient building automation

In countries where the demand and supply gap of electricity is huge and the people are forced to endure increasing hours of load shedding, unnecessary consumption of electricity makes matters even worse. So the importance and need for electricity conservation increases exponentially. This paper outlines a step towards the conservation of energy in general and electricity in particular by employing efficient Building Automation technique. It should be noted that by careful designing and implementation of the Building Automation System, up to 30% to 40% of energy consumption can be reduced, which makes a huge difference for energy saving. In this study above mentioned concept is verified by performing experiment on a prototype experimental room and by implementing efficient building automation technique. For the sake of this efficient automation, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is employed as a main controller, monitoring various system parameters and controlling appliances as per required. The hardware test run and experimental findings further clarifies and proved the concept. The added advantage of this project is that it can be implemented to both small and medium level domestic homes thus greatly reducing the overall unnecessary load on the Utility provider.

Audio feature extraction using probability distribution function

Voice recognition has been one of the popular applications in robotic field. It is also known to be recently used for biometric and multimedia information retrieval system. This technology is attained from successive research on audio feature extraction analysis. Probability Distribution Function (PDF) is a statistical method which is usually used as one of the processes in complex feature extraction methods such as GMM and PCA. In this paper, a new method for audio feature extraction is proposed which is by using only PDF as a feature extraction method itself for speech analysis purpose. Certain pre-processing techniques are performed in prior to the proposed feature extraction method. Subsequently, the PDF result values for each frame of sampled voice signals obtained from certain numbers of individuals are plotted. From the experimental results obtained, it can be seen visually from the plotted data that each individuals’ voice has comparable PDF values and shapes.

Feedback sensor noise rejection control strategy for quadrotor UAV system

This paper describes a methodology for estimating the true value of all parameters from feedback sensor of quadrotor systems. A simple gyroscope and accelerometer sensors are taken into account for calculating the accurate value of system. Secondly, for filtering and controlling the feedback data of system, a Non-linear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) is proposed. For testing the accuracy of proposed technique a complete model of quadrotor with feedback system is implemented on Matlab and simulation results shows the effectiveness of proposed technique and controller design.

Application nano-fluids for improvement heat transfer from small spaces: An overview

The real challenge in the processes of heat transfer by heat rejection from a constrained small space is a well known issue in the process of cooling small areas. Past research in this area covered numerous theoretical and experimental studies; however in-depth investigation of the nano-fluid flow is still insufficient. In recent years the tried researchers fill the gaps on this subject matter; the aim of this paper is to know the idea enhancing the performance of the heat transfer from literatures.