Adam Flakus

New and Interesting Records of Cladonia and their Lichenicolous Fungi from the Andean Cloud Forest in Bolivia

The paper deals with 18 species of the lichen genus Cladonia, including eight species new to Bolivia: C. cf. borbonica, C. coccifera, C. confragosa, C. dactylota, C. granulosa, C. kriegeri, C. merochlorophaea, and C. squamosa. Furthermore, C. kriegeri is recorded here from its second and third localities in the world. Also five lichenicolous fungi are reported; among them Arthrorhaphis aeruginosa, Polycoccum microcarpum and Sphaerellothecium cladoniae are new to the southern hemisphere, and Roselliniella cladoniae and Tremella cladoniae are new to Bolivia. Additionally, Polycoccum microcarpum is reported for the first time from Slovakia and Ukraine. Cladonia confragosa is reported as a new host for Sphaerellothecium cladoniae and Tremella cladoniae.

New species and records of Lepraria ( Stereocaulaceae , lichenized Ascomycota) from South America

New records of 15 Lepraria species from South America are presented. Two species are newly described from the Bolivian Andes: Lepraria achariana Flakus & Kukwa (major compounds: lecanoric, angardianic/roccellic acids and anthraquinones) and L. neojackii Flakus & Kukwa (major compounds: porphyrilic, angardianic/roccellic, cf. rangiformic acids and anthraquinone). Lepraria impossibilis, L. lecanorica and L. rigidula are reported as new for the Southern Hemisphere, L. alpina, L. aff. caesiella and L. squamatica as new to South America, and other species as new to several countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, Uruguay). In addition, two putative, undescribed species are discussed. Chemistry, ecology and general information concerning distribution of the species are presented, and the differentiation of some critical taxa discussed. A provisional key to Lepraria in South America is provided.

New species of lichenicolous fungi from Bolivia

Four new species of lichenicolous fungi are described from Bolivia: Capronia etayoi Flakus & Kukwa sp. nov. (on Dictyonema minus), Lichenosticta jurgae Kukwa & Flakus sp. nov. (on Lecanora sp.), Phaeosporobolus trypethelii Flakus & Kukwa sp. nov. (on Trypethelium ochroleucum; the host lichen new to Bolivia) and Spirographa usneae Flakus, Kukwa & Etayo sp. nov. (on Usnea sp.; also known from Ecuador).

Aspidothelium lueckingii : a new lichenized fungus from Bolivia

Abstract: The corticolous lichenized fungus Aspidothelium lueckingii Flakus is described and illustrated as new to science from the montane cloud forest in Bolivia. It is characterized by pale perithecia with seta-like appendages and large, regularly muriform ascospores. The species is the sixth known member of the genus producing muriform ascospores. A key to all known species of Aspidothelium with muriform ascospores is provided.

Lecanora microloba , a new saxicolous species from Poland

A new lichenized fungus, Lecanora microloba Śliwa & Flakus, is described from the subnival belt of the Polish Tatra Mountains. It is characterized by small, saxicolous thalli with minutely lobulate marginal areoles and mostly broadly sessile and constantly pale coloured apothecia that are grouped predominantly in the centre of the thallus. Anatomically the species is distinguished by coarse granules in the epithecium which are distinctly bright in polarized light. The species contains gyrophoric and usnic acids, zeorin and an unknown terpene as secondary metabolites.

Plectocarpon stereocaulicola (Roccellaceae, Ascomycota), a new lichenicolous fungus from Bolivia

A new gall-inducing lichenicolous fungus, Plectocarpon stereocaulicola Kukwa, Etayo and Flakus, is described from Bolivia from the thalli of Stereocaulon sp. The new species is characterized by black, epruinose rounded ascomata with a carbonized surface and a thalline pseudo-margin, as well as a non-carbonized, light brown sterile stromatic tissue in the lower part and 3-septate ascospores becoming brown and ornamented when mature.

New species and additional records of foliicolous lichenized fungi from Bolivia

Six new species of foliicolous lichenized fungi are described as new to science from Bolivian lowland Amazon forest: Asterothyrium vezdae Flakus & Lucking (Asterothyriaceae), Kerato- sphaera multiseptata Flakus & Lucking (Pseudoperisporiaceae), Phylloblastia bielczykiae Flakus & Lucking (Verrucariaceae), Porina boliviana Flakus & Lucking (Porinaceae), Tapellaria intermedia Flakus &L ucking (Pilocarpaceae )a ndTrichothelium subargenteum Flakus & Lucking (Porinaceae). In addition, new records of 70 lichen species in Bolivia are listed. Of these, 52 are new to Bolivia.

Cladonia crispata var. cetrariiformis (Cladoniaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) in the Tatra Mts

Cladonia crispata var. cetrariiformis has only sporadically been reported from the Tatra Mts so far. However, undoubtedly it is common in this part of the Carpathians. New data about locations of the taxon are presented. Description and ecology of the Polish population are briefly characterized. The paper also contains a distribution map and useful taxonomical remarks concerning this lichen taxon.

A new species and new combinations and records of Hypotrachyna and Remototrachyna from Bolivia

Remototrachyna sipmaniana is described as new to science, and three new combinations, R. aguirrei, R. consimilis, and R. singularis, are proposed. Ten Hypotrachyna and two Remototrachyna species are reported as new to Bolivia, including the southernmost localities of H. halei and H. partita, the first record of H. primitiva from the southern hemisphere, and the second locality for H. neoscytodes.

A Contribution to the Lichen Family Graphidaceae (ostropales, Ascomycota) of Bolivia

Abstract: Kukwa, M., Schiefelbein, U. & Flakus, A. 2013. A contribution to the lichen family Graphidaceae (Ostropales, Ascomycota) of Bolivia. - Herzogia 26: 231–252. Carbacanthogr aphis violaceospora Kukwa & Flakus, Graphis boliviana Kukwa & Flakus and G. seawardii Flakus & Kukwa are described as new to science from Bolivia. In addition 56 corticolous and muscicolous species of Graphidaceae are reported for the first time from Bolivia, of which four, Graphis pinicola, G. urandrae, Phaeographis dendroides and P. quadrifera, are new to South America, and six, Graphis argentata, G. litoralis, G. nudaeformis, G. pittieri, G. subflexibilis and Phaeographis delicatula, are new to the Southern Hemisphere. Notes on the chemistry, habitat and general distribution are provided, with taxonomic remarks provided for some species.