Martin Kukwa

New or interesting records of lichenicolous fungi from Poland VIII

Abstract: KUKWA, M., SZYMCZYK, R. & KOWALEWSKA, A. 2013. New or interesting records of lichenicolous fungi from Poland IX. — Herzogia 26: 159–168. Records of 41 rare or overlooked lichenicolous fungi and lichens are presented. Seven species are new to Poland: Bachmanniomyces uncialicola, Epicladonia simplex, Leptosphaeria ramalinae, Lettauia cladoniicola, Lichenostigma maureri, Phoma ficuzzae and Sclerococcum serusiauxii. Biatoropsis usnearum and Phaeosporobolus usneae are new to the Carpathians. Lecanora pulicaris is a new host for Briancoppinsia cytospora.

Phylogenetic affiliations of members of the heterogeneous lichen-forming fungi of the genus Lecidea sensu Zahlbruckner (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota)

The genus Lecidea Ach. sensu lato (sensu Zahlbruckner) includes almost 1200 species, out of which only 100 species represent Lecidea sensu stricto (sensu Hertel). The systematic position of the remaining species is mostly unsettled but anticipated to represent several unrelated lineages within Lecanoromycetes. This study attempts to elucidate the phylogenetic placement of members of this heterogeneous group of lichen-forming fungi and to improve the classification and phylogeny of Lecanoromycetes. Twenty-five taxa of Lecidea sensu lato and 22 putatively allied species were studied in a broad selection of 268 taxa, representing 48 families of Lecanoromycetes. Six loci, including four ribosomal and two protein-coding genes for 315- and 209-OTU datasets were subjected to maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses. The resulting well supported phylogenetic relationships within Lecanoromycetes are in agreement with published phylogenies, but the addition of new taxa revealed putative rearrangements of several families (e.g. Catillariaceae, Lecanoraceae, Lecideaceae, Megalariaceae, Pilocarpaceae and Ramalinaceae). As expected, species of Lecidea sensu lato and putatively related taxa are scattered within Lecanoromycetidae and beyond, with several species nested in Lecanoraceae and Pilocarpaceae and others placed outside currently recognized families in Lecanorales and orders in Lecanoromycetidae. The phylogenetic affiliations of Schaereria and Strangospora are outside Lecanoromycetidae, probably with Ostropomycetidae. All species referred to as Lecidea sensu stricto based on morphology (including the type species, Lecidea fuscoatra [L.] Ach.) form, with Porpidia species, a monophyletic group with high posterior probability outside Lecanorales, Peltigerales and Teloschistales, in Lecanoromycetidae, supporting the recognition of order Lecideales Vain. in this subclass. The genus name Lecidea must be redefined to apply only to Lecidea sensu stricto and to include at least some members of the genus Porpidia. Based on morphological and chemical similarities, as well as the phylogenetic relationship of Lecidea pullata sister to Frutidella caesioatra, the new combination Frutidella pullata is proposed here.

Contribution to the Lithuanian flora of lichens and allied fungi. IV.

Abstract Four species of lichens and two species of lichenicolous fungi were reported as new to Lithuania: Chaenotheca sphaerocephala, Endophragmiella franconica, Merismatium decolorans, Ochrolechia androgyna, Pertusaria ophthalmiza, Stereocaulon taeniarum. Endophragmiella franconica was reported on a new host - Cladonia coniocraea. The teleomorph of Abrothallus suecicus was recorded for the first time in the country. Three species, Chaenotheca sphaerocephala, Endophragmiella franconica and Stereocaulon taeniarum, were recorded for the first time in the Baltic states. Microcalicium arenarium, previously known in Lithuania only from literature data, was confirmed with certainty for the first time. A revision of the Candelaria concolor complex revealed that only C. pacifica is known in Lithuania. Santrauka Straipsnyje pateikti duomenys apie keturių rūšių kerpes ir dviejų rūšių lichenofilinius grybus, kurių iki šiol Lietuvoje nebuvo aptikta. Dvi kerpių rūšys - Chaenotheca sphaerocephala ir Stereocaulon taeniarum bei lichenofilinis grybas Endophragmiella franconica aptikti pirmą kartą Baltijos šalyse. Merismatium decolorans, Ochrolechia androgyna ir Pertusaria ophthalmiza aptikti pirmą kartą Lietuvoje, pirmą kartą šalyje rasta ir Abrothallus suecicus teleomorfa. Lichenofilinis grybas Endophragmiella franconica pirmą kartą aptiktas ant naujo šeimininko - Cladonia coniocraea. Rastas iki šiol Lietuvoje tik iš istorinių literatūros šaltinių žinomas Microcalicium arenarium. Atlikus kerpių Candelaria concolor komplekso reviziją nustatyta, kad Lietuvoje kol kas žinoma tik viena komplekso rūšis - Candelariella pacifica.

New and Interesting Records of Cladonia and their Lichenicolous Fungi from the Andean Cloud Forest in Bolivia

The paper deals with 18 species of the lichen genus Cladonia, including eight species new to Bolivia: C. cf. borbonica, C. coccifera, C. confragosa, C. dactylota, C. granulosa, C. kriegeri, C. merochlorophaea, and C. squamosa. Furthermore, C. kriegeri is recorded here from its second and third localities in the world. Also five lichenicolous fungi are reported; among them Arthrorhaphis aeruginosa, Polycoccum microcarpum and Sphaerellothecium cladoniae are new to the southern hemisphere, and Roselliniella cladoniae and Tremella cladoniae are new to Bolivia. Additionally, Polycoccum microcarpum is reported for the first time from Slovakia and Ukraine. Cladonia confragosa is reported as a new host for Sphaerellothecium cladoniae and Tremella cladoniae.

New species and records of Lepraria ( Stereocaulaceae , lichenized Ascomycota) from South America

New records of 15 Lepraria species from South America are presented. Two species are newly described from the Bolivian Andes: Lepraria achariana Flakus & Kukwa (major compounds: lecanoric, angardianic/roccellic acids and anthraquinones) and L. neojackii Flakus & Kukwa (major compounds: porphyrilic, angardianic/roccellic, cf. rangiformic acids and anthraquinone). Lepraria impossibilis, L. lecanorica and L. rigidula are reported as new for the Southern Hemisphere, L. alpina, L. aff. caesiella and L. squamatica as new to South America, and other species as new to several countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, Uruguay). In addition, two putative, undescribed species are discussed. Chemistry, ecology and general information concerning distribution of the species are presented, and the differentiation of some critical taxa discussed. A provisional key to Lepraria in South America is provided.

Monodictys epilepraria , a new species of lichenicolous hyphomycetes on Lepraria

Abstract: The new lichenicolous hyphomycete, Monodictys epilepraria , is described from thalli ofseveral Lepraria species. It is known from the Czech Republic, Great Britain, Lithuania, Poland,Spain and Sweden, and appears to be widespread, but probably much overlooked. The new speciesis characterized by relatively small, brown, muriform, smooth-walled conidia developing ondecolourized patches of the host. Key words: Hyphomycetes, Lepraria , lichenicolous fungi, Monodictys Introduction The genus Lepraria Ach. comprises persist-ently sterile, leprose lichens with a verysimple morphology, in which thalli consistonly of soredia or soredia-like granules, insome species developing over a medulla or ahypothallus (e.g., Laundon 1992, Tonsberg1992). Recent molecular studies suggestthat almost all Lepraria species form a mono-phyletic group closely related to Stereocaulon (Ekman & Tonsberg 2002). Although thegenus is rather poorly attacked by licheni-colous fungi, c . 15 species have been re-ported on it, most of them not host-specific(e.g.,

New species of lichenicolous fungi from Bolivia

Four new species of lichenicolous fungi are described from Bolivia: Capronia etayoi Flakus & Kukwa sp. nov. (on Dictyonema minus), Lichenosticta jurgae Kukwa & Flakus sp. nov. (on Lecanora sp.), Phaeosporobolus trypethelii Flakus & Kukwa sp. nov. (on Trypethelium ochroleucum; the host lichen new to Bolivia) and Spirographa usneae Flakus, Kukwa & Etayo sp. nov. (on Usnea sp.; also known from Ecuador).

Taxonomy of the lichen Cladonia rei and its status in Poland

Cladonia rei (Cladoniaceae, lichenized Ascomycota), a species recently synonymised with C. subulata, deserves to be treated as a separate taxon. Since C. rei was very much neglected in Poland and most previous records referred to C. glauca and C. subulata, its distribution and habitat requirements in the country are reviewed. It is commoner in the eastern part of Poland, becoming rarer towards the west. Information on its chemical variation and general distribution are also provided.

Plectocarpon stereocaulicola (Roccellaceae, Ascomycota), a new lichenicolous fungus from Bolivia

A new gall-inducing lichenicolous fungus, Plectocarpon stereocaulicola Kukwa, Etayo and Flakus, is described from Bolivia from the thalli of Stereocaulon sp. The new species is characterized by black, epruinose rounded ascomata with a carbonized surface and a thalline pseudo-margin, as well as a non-carbonized, light brown sterile stromatic tissue in the lower part and 3-septate ascospores becoming brown and ornamented when mature.

A new species and new combinations and records of Hypotrachyna and Remototrachyna from Bolivia

Remototrachyna sipmaniana is described as new to science, and three new combinations, R. aguirrei, R. consimilis, and R. singularis, are proposed. Ten Hypotrachyna and two Remototrachyna species are reported as new to Bolivia, including the southernmost localities of H. halei and H. partita, the first record of H. primitiva from the southern hemisphere, and the second locality for H. neoscytodes.