Adem Yaşar

The effect of carvedilol on serum and tissue oxidative stress parameters in partial ureteral obstruction induced rat model

Although the pathological mechanism underlying kidney damage is not completely understood, it has been reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed during ureteral obstruction may play an important role in this process. Carvedilol has been used in a limited number of studies examining oxidative injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of carvedilol on serum and tissue oxidative stress parameters in the partial unilateral ureteral obstruction (PUUO)‐induced rat model. To our knowledge, the protective effects of carvedilol in the PUUO‐induced rat model have not been reported. Twenty‐six male Wistar albino rats, age 5.5 to 6 months and weighing 250 to 300 g, were used in this study. The rats were randomly divided into three groups. In Group 1 (n = 9), the control group, a sham operation was performed. In Group 2 (n = 8), the PUUO group, the left ureter was embedded into the psoas muscle to create PUUO and maintained for 7 days. In Group 3 (n = 9), carvedilol was orally administered to the rats (2 mg/kg). After the establishment of PUUO, carvedilol was given for the following 7 days. After partial unilateral ureteral obstruction, a nephrectomy was performed to determine the blood and tissue levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), and nitric oxide (NO). The median SOD, MDA, PC, and NO levels in the tissues were 0.006 U/mg protein, 5.11 nmol/g protein, 4.31 nmol/mg protein, and 0.337 μmol/g protein in the control group, respectively. There was a significant increase in tissue SOD (p = 0.014), MDA (p = 0.002), and NO (p = 0.004) levels in Group 2. However, a statistically significant difference was not observed in PC (p = 0.847) enzymatic activity in Group 2. When compared with Group 2, carvedilol treatment caused a reduction in NO (p = 0.003), and PC (p = 0.001) activities in Group 3. The serum SOD (p = 0.004), MDA (p = 0.043), PC (p = 0.043), and NO (p = 0.001) levels were significantly different in Group 3 compared with Group 2. Administration of carvedilol also reduced the detrimental histopathologic effects caused by PUUO. According to histopathological examination of the renal tissues, the inflammation rates were 22.2%, 87.5% and 33.3% in Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (p < 0.05). The results of the present study show that partial unilateral ureteral obstruction caused oxidative stress in the serum and kidney tissues of rats, and treatment with carvedilol reduced the harmful effects of ureteral obstruction.

Duplicated Vas Deferens: A Rare Congenital Abnormality

Duplication of vas deferens is a rare congenital anomaly for which the overall incidence in the general population is estimated to be less than 0.05%. We report here a case of duplicated vas deferens found during a routine varicocele operation.

Comparison the Efficacy of Four Different Alpha Blockers in the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

27 Journal of Clinical and Analytical Medicine | Doğan Atılgan, Adem Yaşar, Fikret Erdemir, Bekir Süha Parlaktaş, Nihat Uluocak, Fatih Fırat Üroloji Anabilim Dalı, Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Tokat, Türkiye. Benign Prostat Hiperplazisi Tedavisinde Alfa Blokör Tedavisi The Alpha Blockers in the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Benign Prostat Hiperplazisi Tedavisinde Kullanılan Dört Alfa Blokör Ajanın Etkinliklerinin Karşılaştırılması

YOZGAT YÖRESİ ÇOCUKLUK ÇAĞI İDRAR YOLU ENFEKSİYONUNA EN SIK SEBEP OLAN ETKENLER VE ANTİBİYOTİK DİRENÇLERİ

OZET Amac: Cocukluk caginda en sik gorulen enfeksiyonlardan biri olan idrar yolu enfeksiyonlari (IYE), gereksiz antibiyotik kullanimi sonucu artan antibiyotik direnc oranlari nedeniyle ampirik tedavi seciminde zorluklara neden olmaktadir. Bu calismada, Yozgat ilinde en sik idrar yolu enfeksiyonu etkeni olan mikroorganizmalari ve antibiyotik direnclerini saptamayi amacladik. Yontem: Bozok Universitesi Arastirma Uygulama ve Uygulama Hastanesi’ne basvuran ve idrar yolu enfeksiyonu tanisi konulmus 0-15 yas arasi 1711 hastanin dosyasi retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Alinan idrar orneklerinin standart mikrobiyolojik islemleri sonrasinda 518’inde (% 30,28) anlamli ureme oldugu saptanmistir. Ureme saptanan 518 hastanin %69’ unda E. Coli, %15,94’ unde Klebsiella, %6,37’sinde Proteus, %3,64’unde Koagulaz (-) Stafilokoklar %5,8’ inde diger bakteriler saptanmistir. En sik izole edilen E.coli’nin antibiyotik direnc oranlari; ampisilin %80, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol %45, sefuroksim %37, amoksisilin-klavulonat %33, sefotaksim %15, seftriakson %15, sefiksim %13, , nitrofrontain %12, siprofloksasin %11, gentamisin %0.7, meropenem %0.1 ve amikasin %0.2 idi. Klebsiella’nin antibiyotiklere direnc oranlari ampisilin %76, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol %84, sefuroksim %21, amoksisilin- klavulonat %18, seftriakson %17, sefiksim %17, nitrofrontain %20, siprofloksasin %18, gentamisin %0,4, meropenem %1 ve amikasin %0,1idi veProteus’un antibiyotiklere direnc oranlari ise, ampisilin %45, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol %60, sefuroksim %20, amoksisilin-klavulonat %3, seftriakson %2, sefiksim %7, , nitrofurontain %80, siprofloksasin %3, gentamisin %0,7, meropenem %0,3 ve amikasin %0,5 olarak saptanmistir. Anahtar Sozcukler: Cocuk; Idrar Yolu Enfeksiyonu; Antibiyotik direnc ABSTRACT Aim: Urinary tractinfections (UTI), which is one of the common infections

Evaluation of the effects of omega-3 & interferon alpha-2b administration on partial bladder outlet obstruction in a rat model

Background & objectives: In bladder outlet obstruction-induced rat models, the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and collagen ratios have been shown to be increased. Increased TGF-β leads to fibrosis. In this study, the effect of omega-3 and interferon alpha-2b (IFN α-2b) was investigated on oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in bladder structure in a partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) rat model. Methods: A total of 35 male Wistar albino rats, weighing 300-350 g, were used in the study. The rats were randomly divided into five groups. At the end of the experimental period, bladders were harvested from all the rats, and pathological analysis of the rat bladder tissues was performed. In addition, investigations were carried out with enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems to study the antioxidant properties of omega-3 fatty acid and IFN alpha-2b. Results: Increased bladder weight in the PBOO group, in comparison to the control group, was decreased by the administration of omega-3 and IFN α-2b (P=0.002). Significantly higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were detected in group 2 in comparison to the control group. It was also detected that serum SOD, glutathione peroxidase and nitric oxide (NO) levels were significantly higher in group 2 when compared to the control group (P<0.05). In the pathologic evaluation, group 2 showed significantly increased inflammation and fibrosis compared to the control group. Omega-3 treatment significantly decreased inflammation. It was shown that IFN α-2b application partially decreased inflammation. Interpretation & conclusions: The results of the present study showed that in addition to the standard primary approaches to prevent the damage to the upper urinary tract secondary to PBOO, omega-3 fatty acid and IFN α-2b could be beneficial as adjunct treatment in clinical practice. However, this needs to be further investigated with prospective, randomized clinical trials with larger sample sizes.

Granulomatous Prostatitis: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature

DOI: 10.4328/JCAM.841 Received: 26.10.2011 Accepted: 21.12.2011 Printed: 01.01.2015 J Clin Anal Med 2015;6(1): 94-6 Corresponding Author: Adem Yasar, Tokat Devlet Hastanesi, Uroloji Servisi 60100 Merkez, Tokat, Turkiye. T.: 0 356 2289363 Gsm: 0 5055607039 E-mail: ademyasar80@yahoo.com Ozet Granulomatoz prostatit prostatin bening inflamatuvar durumlarinin yaklasik %0.8-1’ini olusturmaktadir. Bu durum klinik, histolojik ve biyokimyasal olarak prostat kanserini taklit eder. Granulomatoz prostatitin en sik tipi ise spesifik olmayan granulmatoz prostatittir. Bu en sik gozlenilen spefisik olmayan tip cogunlukla destek tedavisi ile %62 oraninda spontan rezolusyon gostermektedir. Bu calismada, serum PSA seviyesi yuksekligi nedeni ile transrektal ultrasonografi esliginde yapilan prostat (TRUS) biyopsi sonucu spesifik olmayan granulomatoz prostatit gelen 2 hasta sunulmustur.

SWL Results and Complications at Tokat Devlet Hastanesi

DOI: 10.4328/JCAM.1771 Received: 09.05.2013 Accepted: 24.07.2013 Printed: 01.03.2015 J Clin Anal Med 2015;6(2): 193-5 Corresponding Author: Adem Yaşar, Üroloji Kliniği, Tokat Devlet Hastanesi, Tokat, Türkiye. GSM: +905055607039 E-Mail:ademyasar80@yahoo.com Özet Amaç: Hastanemiz extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ünitesinde üreter veya böbrek lokalizasyonundaki taşlara yapılan extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy sonuçlarımızı değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ekim 2011Ekim 2012 tarihleri arasında renal veya üreteral taş tanısı ile extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy yapılan 81 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Ortalama takip süresi 33.5 gün idi. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy uygulanan hastaların 50’sinde böbrekte, 31’inde ise taş üreterde lokalize idi. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ile tedavi edilen taşların pelvis, üst kaliks, orta kaliks yada alt kaliks olmasına göre lokalizasyon oranları sırasıyla %40, %26, %24, %10 iken üst üreter yada orta üreter lokalizasyon oranları ise sırasıyla %77.5, %22.5 olarak tespit edildi. Taşların odaklanması elipsoid odaklama özelliği olan c kollu skopi ile yapıldı. Tüm extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy uygulamaları, Stonelith-V3 litotriptör ile aynı üroloji doktoru hekimi tarafından yapıldı. Her bir hasta için ortalama şok sayısı 2865, voltaj ise 19 kv idi. Bulgular: Ortalama 33.5 günlük takip süresi sonunda üreter ve böbrek de taşsızlık oranları sırasıyla %87 ve %82 olarak tespit edildi. Tartışma: Üriner sistem taş hastalığı teknoloji ilerlemesine rağmen extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ucuz ve etkili olması ile tedavide ön planda olmaya devam etmektedir.