Áderson Luiz Costa Junior

Fatores que influenciam o desmame precoce e a extensão do aleitamento materno

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar fatores que influenciam a ocorrencia do desmame precoce e do aleitamento prolongado. A metodologia envolveu a selecao de dois grupos de 40 maes, cujos filhos eram atendidos pelo Centro de Pesquisa e Atendimento Odontologico para Pacientes Especiais, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. O grupo I era constituido de maes que desmamaram seus filhos antes do sexto mes de vida e o grupo II, de maes que estenderam a amamentacao alem do primeiro ano. As participantes responderam, primeiramente, a entrevistas individuais por meio de um questionario especifico e, posteriormente, a um questionario socioeconomico. A entrevista foi gravada em fita de audio para evitar a perda de informacoes verbais. Os resultados mostraram que as variaveis demograficas estao relacionadas ao sucesso ou insucesso da amamentacao natural. Programas de saude que analisam essas variaveis podem identificar mulheres com alto risco para a ocorrencia do desmame precoce e proporcionar-lhes uma atencao mais sistematizada.

Estratégias de enfrentamento de pais de crianças em tratamento de câncer

This paper is a review of literature in pediatric psychoncology, concerning studies and research published between 1996 and 2007, related to parental coping with disease and treatment. The results highlight that pediatric oncohematology treatment is associated with various changes in family dynamics, personal routine, and changes in the behavior repertoire, as a consequence of extended medical care, hospital admissions, submission to invasive procedures and antineoplasic chemotherapy protocols, as well as experiences of anxiety, doubt, fear and loss. It is still necessary to investigate, in national literature, how different coping strategies are developed by pediatric caregivers, during cancer treatment. International literature suggests that more research is needed into the process of psychosocial changes, psychological adjustment, adaptation, and changes in coping strategies, during the course of the various stages of treatment.

Determinantes do abandono do aleitamento materno exclusivo em crianças assistidas por programa interdisciplinar de promoção à amamentação

OBJETIVO: Identificar as variaveis potencialmente relacionadas ao abandono da amamentacao exclusiva entre criancas participantes de um programa interdisciplinar de incentivo ao aleitamento materno. METODOS: Foi realizado um estudo longitudinal, por meio de acompanhamento clinico de 111 diades mae-bebe, durante os seis primeiros meses de vida da crianca. Para a avaliacao de fatores associados a interrupcao do aleitamento exclusivo, realizou-se analise univariada e regressao logistica multipla. RESULTADOS: As diades participantes foram divididas em dois grupos, segundo o tipo de alimentacao recebida pela crianca aos seis meses de vida: um composto por 57 criancas em aleitamento materno exclusivo e outro por 54 criancas em aleitamento materno complementado ou predominante. Apos analise de regressao logistica, as variaveis uso de chupeta (OR 4,65; IC95% 1,66-12,99), alto nivel socioeconomico (OR 11,46; IC95% 3,09-42,37) e trabalho materno (OR 2,44; IC95% 0,91-5,62) comportarem-se como fatores associados ao abandono do aleitamento exclusivo. CONCLUSOES: O uso de chupeta pela crianca, alto nivel socioeconomico e trabalho materno estao associados a interrupcao do aleitamento exclusivo.

Psicologia e odontopediatria: a contribuição da análise funcional do comportamento

75Alguns estudos sugerem que o repertorio decomportamentos da crianca, exposta a situacao deatendimento odontologico, resulta do manejo inadequadodo cirurgiaoŒdentista (Prins, Weerkamp, Horst, Jong & Tan,1987; Weinstein, Getz, Ratener & Domoto, 1982). Entretanto,poucos autores analisam, especificamente, o comportamentodo profissional e como este O afetado funcionalmente pelocomportamento do paciente. A habilidade para interagir e secomunicar com o paciente O essencial para criar uma boarelacao profissional. Caldana e Biasoli-Alves (1990) ressaltamque conhecer o comportamento do paciente permite ummelhor desempenho odontologico. Ten-Berge, Veerkamp eHoogstraten (1999) observam que o comportamento dodentista exerce influŒncia relevante sobre o desenvolvimentodo medo de tratamento odontologico em criancas.De maneira geral, os odontopediatras reconhecem anecessidade de melhorar e expandir seus conhecimentossobre manejo do comportamento de criancas, mas a exposicaoa programas de treinamento e a aceitacao de novas estratOgias,

Psychosocial impact of pediatric cancer on parents: a literature review

A diagnosis of childhood cancer represents challenges for patients, family members, and health workers. The parents of a child or adolescent have to play an expanded role because they need to reconcile parental tasks and treatment de- mands. This study presents an integrative literature review concerning difficulties experienced by pediatric caregivers during onco-hematological treatment. The CAPES periodicals portal and the Scientific Library Online (SciELO) were searched for papers published between 1999 and 2009. Relevant themes are highlighted in Brazilian and international studies published in the field, such as psychological disorders experienced by caregivers, the professional and financial impact associated with treatment, changes in educative practices and family dynamics, and the influence of cultural practices on the experience of treatment. Suggestions for further research are presented to support efficient psychosocial interventions and minimize the psychosocial costs experienced by pediatric caregivers over the course of onco-hematological treatments.A diagnosis of childhood cancer represents challenges for patients, family members, and health workers. The parents of a child or adolescent have to play an expanded role because they need to reconcile parental tasks and treatment demands. This study presents an integrative literature review concerning difficulties experienced by pediatric caregivers during onco-hematological treatment. The CAPES periodicals portal and the Scientific Library Online (SciELO) were searched for papers published between 1999 and 2009. Relevant themes are highlighted in Brazilian and international studies published in the field, such as psychological disorders experienced by caregivers, the professional and financial impact associated with treatment, changes in educative practices and family dynamics, and the influence of cultural practices on the experience of treatment. Suggestions for further research are presented to support efficient psychosocial interventions and minimize the psychosocial costs experienced by pediatric caregivers over the course of onco-hematological treatments.

Cuidadores de crianças com leucemia: exigências do tratamento e aprendizagem de novos comportamentos

The pediatric cancer represents a context of losses, uncertainties, physical pain and several difficulties to the patient and family. The main goal of this study was to investigate specific demands experienced by 30 pediatric caregivers, as well as favourable behaviors acquired, along the first semester of leukemia treatment, using semi-structured interviews carried out in two moments. The results indicate specific demands, such as the need of more attention and patient monitoring, and the increase of financial costs. There were relevant reports about learning new behavioral patterns, referred as beneficial, such as the acquisition of more adaptative behaviors related to environmental demands, awareness of a higher self-efficacy and a more active role in treatment, learning related to invasive medical procedures and destitution of dysfunctional beliefs related to cancer. This study corroborates data indicated in literature and highlights the importance of more psychosocial interventions concerning pediatric patients and caregivers.

As contribuições da ciência do desenvolvimento para a psicologia da saúde

The science of human development has been stimulating a new perspective on health research, highlighting contextual and ecological variables that influence the process of development and condition the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of individuals and groups. The objective of this article is to discuss about the implications of the science of human development for health psychology, specifically for the educational area aimed toward intervention in several contexts of health treatment. Another objective of this article is to critically analyze some methodological aspects os the studies in this area and point current and future tendencies at a more functional analysis of the health-disease process. It is expected that health professionals benefit from the arguments and models proposed by the science of human development, designing environments that are more adequate to the psychological needs of patients and families.

Coping strategies and caregiver's anxiety in pediatric oncohematology

The main goal of this paper was to investigate associations between sociodemographic data, patients clinical condition, indicators of anxiety, and coping strategies adopted by caregivers during leukemia diagnosis in order to indicate which factors may influence anxiety and the adopted coping strategies. In this study, 44 caregivers were enrolled and submitted to the Ways of Coping Scale (Brazilian Version - EMEP), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results show associations among different coping categories, caregivers age, education, and the presence of a spouse, as well as correlations related to anxiety, subjects gender, and the childrens age. There was relevant association between anxiety and emotion-focused coping, suggesting the importance of interventions during the early stages of the treatment.

Modelo biopsicossocial e formulação comportamental: compreendendo a cefaléia do tipo tensional

Tension-type headache are a frequent source of complaints in health assistance units. It tends to cause avoidance behaviors with adverse consequences in physical, psychological and social aspects. Contributions from the Bio-Psychosocial perspective are described for a better understanding of the tension-type headache problem. Study also analyzes the most frequent treatments used in clinical settings and discusses some advantages of behavioral cases formulations. Results reveal the importance of behavioral and social factors present in the complex etiology of tension-type headache. Such knowledge is useful to support the formulation of more efficient treatments that are linked to a real systemic and idiographic perspective.Tension-type headache are a frequent source of complaints in health assistance units. It tends to cause avoidance behaviors with adverse consequences in physical, psychological and social aspects. Contributions from the Bio-Psychosocial perspective are described for a better understanding of the tension-type headache problem. Study also analyzes the most frequent treatments used in clinical settings and discusses some advantages of behavioral cases formulations. Results reveal the importance of behavioral and social factors present in the complex etiology of tension-type headache. Such knowledge is useful to support the formulation of more efficient treatments that are linked to a real systemic and idiographic perspective.

Desnutrição e desenvolvimento comportamental: questões metodológicas

This introductory critical review addresses childhood malnutrition and its relation to child behavioral development. Methodological issues concerning the study of this relationship are presented. Implications of psychometric and epidemiological studies are pointed, focusing on results obtained with cognitive scales and the most common statistical measurement. The relevance of behavioral technology for functional analysis of the malnourished children development is emphasized. Its importance is also pointed for the elucidation of the effects of environmental intervention towards the establishment of favorable conditions for behavioral development.