Albys E. Ferrer Dubois

CONTENIDO DE POLIFENOLES EN Solanum lycopersicum L. BAJO LA ACCIÓN DE UN CAMPO MAGNÉTICO ESTÁTICO

The molecular techniques need of protocols that allow determine levels of genetic change inside the populations in different environmental conditions. So much the optimization of the isolation of the DNA, as that of the working conditions of the amplifications, they are fundamental to reach the success of the molecular analyses, therefore the present research has like objective: optimize protocols of extraction of DNA and of the molecular marker type RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) in Anonaceas. For the DNA extraction were used the Kit Nucleon PHYTOpure and DNeasy® of QIAGEN. The working conditions of the protocol of amplification were fittedand changed the concentrations of DNA and of the used chokers. Followed by this, a tes was realized with 10 fatteners of the series OPH and five of the series OPA, to select more polimorphiss. The first results obtained with the Kit Nucleon PHYTOpure showed an DNA of low quality, due to the high fenolization of the vegetable material, not like that with the Kit DNeasy® of QIAGEN, who allowed obtain an DNA of quality, purity and homogeneity to an approximate concentration of 30 ng μ L-1. The biggest amplification products were obtained touse 3 ng μ L-1 of choke and 2 ng μ L-1 of DNA. Four chokers that presented major polymorphism were OPA-16, OPH-03, OPH-13 and OPH-18. The results of this research allowed optimize the working conditions of the technical RAPD for the characterization of the collection ex-situ of Anonaceas under our environmental conditions.Theobroma cacao L. is known in folk medicine as an antiseptic, diuretic and antiparasitic. Foods derived from this plant are rich in natural products of high added value, including phenolic compounds. As in vitro cultivation handle is an alternative source for the production of these metabolites. The present study was conducted to obtain phenolic compounds from callus culture with embryogenic structures. Culture conditions (agitation, light and glucose) were established to increase the concentration of phenols in calluses and elicitors to achieve the increase in callus and excretion into the culture area. The accumulation of phenolic compounds was favored with the additional supplement of glucose, growth in agitation and darkness. The addition of random hydroxylated cyclodextrins allowed the increase in the specific yield of phenols and biomass.The genus Azotobacter and Bacillus have a potential to atmospheric nitrogen fixation, mineral elements solubilization and producing a group of stimulator of vegetal growth substances. In addition, Bacillus is recognizing by its antagonistic activity. The reasons justify its selection with actives principles of biofertilizer products. The presence of fungus diseases in vegetable cultures is a problem for Cuban agriculture. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the antagonistic activity of Azotobacter and Bacillus strains against fungus that caused diseases in vegetables cultures. For those were employed Fusarium chlamydosporum, Corynespora casiicola and Cladosporium oxysporum. All strains belong at the INIFAT collections. For the development of work, “Dual Culture Bring” Method was used with permitting the selections those to possess previous activity and descript, in turn, principle affectations caused to fungi structures. Results emit that inside of two genus exist strains that inhibit the micelial growth. Among strains of Azotobacter, five result promissory against Cladosporium oxysporum, two respond to Fusarium chlamydosporum and only one was effective against Corynespora cassiicola. The activity shows for Bacillus genus is major. In this case, two strains show activity against Corynespora cassiicola, six against Cladosporium oxysporum and eight against Fusarium chlamydosporum. Highlight the finished that exists strains of Azotobactersp capable of inhibit more than one fungi species, which results very new for being quoted few times the genus activity against vegetable pathogens.

EFECTO DEL AGUA TRATADA MAGNÉTICAMENTE EN LA RECUPERACIÓN DE PLÁNTULAS DE ADENANTHERA PAVONINA EN ESTRÉS CLIMÁTICO

Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la influencia del agua tratada bajo una induccion magnetica constante de 0,12 T en la recuperacion de las plantulas de Adenanthera pavonina, despues de ser damnificadas por un huracan. El cultivo se realizo en invernadero, con sustrato compuesto por materia organica y arena (1:1); la desinfeccion y escarificacion quimica de las semillas se efectuo con acido sulfurico (98 %) y acido borico (5 %). Se evaluaron la longitud, el diametro del tallo y el numero de hojas por un periodo de 12 semanas. La aplicacion del agua de riego tratada magneticamente produjo un aumento estadisticamente significativo, en la longitud y el diametro del tallo, no siendo asi para la emision de las hojas en esta fase de desarrollo. Los resultados confirmaron que el agua de riego, con tratamiento magnetico de 0,12 T, puede ser empleada como estimulante del crecimiento en esta especie forestal y en la recuperacion de plantas danadas por cambios climaticos.