Alex Sander Souza do Carmo

Convergência da Produtividade Agropecuária do Sul do Brasil: uma análise espacial

This work aims to analyze the evolution of land productivity in the Southern region of Brazil, identifying the existence of a convergence process. In order to do that, we measured the land productivity in 1995/96 and in 2006 and we used this variable as dependent in a convergence model. Subsequently, we estimated a convergence model using spatial econometrics. As a result, we confirmed the convergence process hypothesis (absolute and conditional) in the Southern region of Brazil.

O efeito da volatilidade da taxa de câmbio sobre o comércio internacional: uma investigação empírica sob a ótica da margem extensiva

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of exchange rate volatility on the extensive margin of international trade. In methodological terms, we defined as the extensive margin of international trade, the number of products exported by countries to their trading partners. Later, this variable was specified as dependent variable on a gravity model of trade, whose parameters were estimated by nonlinear panel data. The period of analysis in this work was from 1995 to 2009 and the number of countries considered in the study was 54. The results indicate that an increase in the volatility of the exchange rate causes a reduction on the extensive margin of international trade.

Spatial concentration of Brazilian exports of manufactured products: a microregional analysis considering technological levels

The objective of this study is to analyse the spatial distribution of Brazilian exports of manufactured products considering micro regions and technological intensity. The period under analysis is from 1997 to 2014. To achieve this objective, the micro regional exports were divided into high, medium and low technology; an exports concentration index was built and finally, an exploratory analysis of the spatial data was carried out. Results pointed out the existence of exportation clusters for the three types of products, and regarding the low and medium technology products the clusters were seen to be spread throughout Brazil, while the high technology product clusters were seen to be concentrated in the Southeast region.

A competitividade das exportações do Brasil e da China para o Mercosul: evidências para o período 1995-2009

The main goal of this paper is to investigate the competitiveness of Brazilian and Chinese exports to MERCOSUL for the period from 1995 to 2009. In order to do this, the Finger and Kreinin (1979) export similarity index (ESI) is calculated for the Brazilian and Chinese exports to MERCOSUL , which is disaggregated according to the similarities of the goods. The main results showed that the similarity between Brazilian and Chinese exports to MERCOSUL has increased over time, possibly due to an increase in the competition between these countries. However, when disaggregated from the Finger and Kreinin (1979) index, it is shown that the similarities between the exports occur, mainly, with vertically differentiated goods, where the quality of the goods exported by Brazil was superior to that of the goods exported by China. The results suggest that the competition between Brazil and China in the MERCOSUL is smooth, since the goods exported by these countries aim at different market segments.

O COMÉRCİO INTRAINDUSTRIAL ENTRE BRASIL E OS PAÍSES DA OCDE: DECOMPOSIÇÃO E ANÁLISE DE SEUS DETERMINANTES

The main goal of this paper is to analyze the intra-industry trade between Brazil and OECD countries for the period 2000 – 2009. Specifically, it is intended to decompose the intra-industry bilateral trade (CII) and find its determinants. The main results showed that the USA and Mexico have the largest volume and index of CII with Brazil, respectively. Additionally, it was found that the vertical intra-industry trade (CIIV) is larger than the horizontal intra-industry trade (CIIH), where the Brazilian exports are mainly based on lower quality goods than imports. The econometric approach to investigate the main determinants of the CIIV was based on the theoretical model from Falvey and Kierzkowski (1987), through panel data econometrics. According to the results from the Random Effects estimations, with a 10 % statistical significance, the coefficient for endowments differences (in terms of capital/labor ratio) has a positive effect on vertical intra-industry bilateral trade, which corroborates the main hypothesis of the Falvey and Kierzkowski (1987) model.